Political elites don’t just govern, many also own businesses. In Mozambique, public office is often converted into private business capital, highlighting how political power can be a direct route to economic influence, both for office holders and their families.

Firms were more likely to enter Angola’s market after the civil war if they employed managers with prior, Angola-specific export experience – highlighting the critical role of managerial human capital in overcoming fixed entry costs in post-conflict economies.

Argentina’s volatile macroeconomic and political environment – marked by inflation, debt crises, and policy instability – makes it difficult to commit to the long-term investments needed for climate adaptation, despite the country’s high vulnerability to extreme climate events. While the advanced and export-oriented agricultural sector has incentives to adopt adaptive technologies, weak institutions, limited finance, and short-term policy cycles hinder broader resilience efforts against escalating climate risks.

Energy-efficient biomass cookstoves cut fuel use and, in Rwanda, do not trigger significant local rebound effects – consumption, fuel collection time, and prices remain largely unchanged for those not...

Pakistan’s tax system shows that even with extensive withholding and VAT-based reporting, weak documentation and limited enforcement capacity – exacerbated by political resistance – undermine revenue ...

How does monetary policy transmit through developing economies? New evidence shows that firms do react to both monetary policy contraction and expansion, but not symmetrically.