Michael Friendly
@datavisfriendly.bsky.social
ASA Fellow; #rstats developer of graphical methods for categorical and multivariate data; #datavis history of data visualization; #historicaldatavis; Milestones project
Web: www.datavis.ca
GitHub: github.com/friendly
Web: www.datavis.ca
GitHub: github.com/friendly
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 28, 1772 Luke Howard born in London, England 🏴
Who invented graph paper?
1800: Use of coordinate paper in published research (automatic recording; graph of barometric variations)
🎂Nov 28, 1772 Luke Howard born in London, England 🏴
Who invented graph paper?
1800: Use of coordinate paper in published research (automatic recording; graph of barometric variations)
November 29, 2025 at 2:28 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 28, 1772 Luke Howard born in London, England 🏴
Who invented graph paper?
1800: Use of coordinate paper in published research (automatic recording; graph of barometric variations)
🎂Nov 28, 1772 Luke Howard born in London, England 🏴
Who invented graph paper?
1800: Use of coordinate paper in published research (automatic recording; graph of barometric variations)
Brinton's _Graphic Methods for Presenting Facts_ was among the first English textbooks on this subject, and did much to popularize this topic.
He was also an early critic, pointing out how various charts were misleading.
He was also an early critic, pointing out how various charts were misleading.
November 28, 2025 at 3:13 AM
Brinton's _Graphic Methods for Presenting Facts_ was among the first English textbooks on this subject, and did much to popularize this topic.
He was also an early critic, pointing out how various charts were misleading.
He was also an early critic, pointing out how various charts were misleading.
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 27, 1959 Willard Cope Brinton died in New York, USA 🇺🇸
1914: Pictograms to represent a series of numbers by icons (combining concepts of the bar graph and pictogram of varying size), but commits some graphical sins.
💀Nov 27, 1959 Willard Cope Brinton died in New York, USA 🇺🇸
1914: Pictograms to represent a series of numbers by icons (combining concepts of the bar graph and pictogram of varying size), but commits some graphical sins.
November 28, 2025 at 3:08 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 27, 1959 Willard Cope Brinton died in New York, USA 🇺🇸
1914: Pictograms to represent a series of numbers by icons (combining concepts of the bar graph and pictogram of varying size), but commits some graphical sins.
💀Nov 27, 1959 Willard Cope Brinton died in New York, USA 🇺🇸
1914: Pictograms to represent a series of numbers by icons (combining concepts of the bar graph and pictogram of varying size), but commits some graphical sins.
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 27, 1754 Abraham de Moivre died in London, England 🏴
1733: The normal distribution, derived as the limit of the binomial distribution (in The Doctrine of Chances)
💀Nov 27, 1754 Abraham de Moivre died in London, England 🏴
1733: The normal distribution, derived as the limit of the binomial distribution (in The Doctrine of Chances)
November 28, 2025 at 2:23 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 27, 1754 Abraham de Moivre died in London, England 🏴
1733: The normal distribution, derived as the limit of the binomial distribution (in The Doctrine of Chances)
💀Nov 27, 1754 Abraham de Moivre died in London, England 🏴
1733: The normal distribution, derived as the limit of the binomial distribution (in The Doctrine of Chances)
#map #memes
"Map of Online Communities and Related Points of Interest" from Spring 2007 according to Randall Munroe @xkcd-titletext.bsky.social
I found this in a presentation I gave that year, and had another good chuckle
Who remembers AOL? Windows Live?
Have a nice vacation in the Blogipelago
"Map of Online Communities and Related Points of Interest" from Spring 2007 according to Randall Munroe @xkcd-titletext.bsky.social
I found this in a presentation I gave that year, and had another good chuckle
Who remembers AOL? Windows Live?
Have a nice vacation in the Blogipelago
November 28, 2025 at 1:36 AM
#map #memes
"Map of Online Communities and Related Points of Interest" from Spring 2007 according to Randall Munroe @xkcd-titletext.bsky.social
I found this in a presentation I gave that year, and had another good chuckle
Who remembers AOL? Windows Live?
Have a nice vacation in the Blogipelago
"Map of Online Communities and Related Points of Interest" from Spring 2007 according to Randall Munroe @xkcd-titletext.bsky.social
I found this in a presentation I gave that year, and had another good chuckle
Who remembers AOL? Windows Live?
Have a nice vacation in the Blogipelago
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 26, 1995 Roberto Bachi died in Jerusalem, Israel 🇮🇱
1968: Systematic "graphical rational patterns'' for statistical presentation
Schemes for representing numbers by icons, visual weight ~ number
💀Nov 26, 1995 Roberto Bachi died in Jerusalem, Israel 🇮🇱
1968: Systematic "graphical rational patterns'' for statistical presentation
Schemes for representing numbers by icons, visual weight ~ number
November 27, 2025 at 1:39 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 26, 1995 Roberto Bachi died in Jerusalem, Israel 🇮🇱
1968: Systematic "graphical rational patterns'' for statistical presentation
Schemes for representing numbers by icons, visual weight ~ number
💀Nov 26, 1995 Roberto Bachi died in Jerusalem, Israel 🇮🇱
1968: Systematic "graphical rational patterns'' for statistical presentation
Schemes for representing numbers by icons, visual weight ~ number
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 23, 1919 Henry Laurence Gantt died in Pine Island, NY, USA 🇺🇸
1917: Invented the Gantt chart, designed to show scheduled and actual progress of projects
💀Nov 23, 1919 Henry Laurence Gantt died in Pine Island, NY, USA 🇺🇸
1917: Invented the Gantt chart, designed to show scheduled and actual progress of projects
November 25, 2025 at 3:32 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 23, 1919 Henry Laurence Gantt died in Pine Island, NY, USA 🇺🇸
1917: Invented the Gantt chart, designed to show scheduled and actual progress of projects
💀Nov 23, 1919 Henry Laurence Gantt died in Pine Island, NY, USA 🇺🇸
1917: Invented the Gantt chart, designed to show scheduled and actual progress of projects
Careful here. You should wear gloves to touch the graphs it produces
November 25, 2025 at 3:14 AM
Careful here. You should wear gloves to touch the graphs it produces
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 23, 1916 Charles Booth died in Thringstone, Leicestershire, England 🏴
1889: Social mapping. Street maps of London, showing poverty and wealth by color coding--> transforming existing methods of social survey and poverty mapping towards the end of the 19th C
💀Nov 23, 1916 Charles Booth died in Thringstone, Leicestershire, England 🏴
1889: Social mapping. Street maps of London, showing poverty and wealth by color coding--> transforming existing methods of social survey and poverty mapping towards the end of the 19th C
November 25, 2025 at 2:44 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 23, 1916 Charles Booth died in Thringstone, Leicestershire, England 🏴
1889: Social mapping. Street maps of London, showing poverty and wealth by color coding--> transforming existing methods of social survey and poverty mapping towards the end of the 19th C
💀Nov 23, 1916 Charles Booth died in Thringstone, Leicestershire, England 🏴
1889: Social mapping. Street maps of London, showing poverty and wealth by color coding--> transforming existing methods of social survey and poverty mapping towards the end of the 19th C
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 23, 1887 Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley born in Weymouth, England 🏴
1913: Discovery of the concept of atomic number, based largely on graphical analysis. Even predicted new elements!
Nobel prize worthy, except he died in WWI
🎂Nov 23, 1887 Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley born in Weymouth, England 🏴
1913: Discovery of the concept of atomic number, based largely on graphical analysis. Even predicted new elements!
Nobel prize worthy, except he died in WWI
November 25, 2025 at 2:31 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 23, 1887 Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley born in Weymouth, England 🏴
1913: Discovery of the concept of atomic number, based largely on graphical analysis. Even predicted new elements!
Nobel prize worthy, except he died in WWI
🎂Nov 23, 1887 Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley born in Weymouth, England 🏴
1913: Discovery of the concept of atomic number, based largely on graphical analysis. Even predicted new elements!
Nobel prize worthy, except he died in WWI
Filled my bird feeder and it took ~5 days for them to get the message, but I wonder how they ALL know. I guess they 🐥 tweet 🐥
November 24, 2025 at 8:42 PM
Filled my bird feeder and it took ~5 days for them to get the message, but I wonder how they ALL know. I guess they 🐥 tweet 🐥
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 20, 1869 Charles Joseph Minard published his iconic flow map graphic of Napoleon's March on Moscow.
Some called it best graphic ever produced, but EJ Marey put it best:
"Defies the pen of the historian in its brutal eloquence"
No known portrait of CJ, only .sig
📅Nov 20, 1869 Charles Joseph Minard published his iconic flow map graphic of Napoleon's March on Moscow.
Some called it best graphic ever produced, but EJ Marey put it best:
"Defies the pen of the historian in its brutal eloquence"
No known portrait of CJ, only .sig
November 21, 2025 at 1:18 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 20, 1869 Charles Joseph Minard published his iconic flow map graphic of Napoleon's March on Moscow.
Some called it best graphic ever produced, but EJ Marey put it best:
"Defies the pen of the historian in its brutal eloquence"
No known portrait of CJ, only .sig
📅Nov 20, 1869 Charles Joseph Minard published his iconic flow map graphic of Napoleon's March on Moscow.
Some called it best graphic ever produced, but EJ Marey put it best:
"Defies the pen of the historian in its brutal eloquence"
No known portrait of CJ, only .sig
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 18, 1914 Alban William Housego Phillips born in Te Rehunga, New Zealand 🇳🇿
1958: The "Phillips Curve,'' a scatterplot of inflation vs. unemployment over time shows a strong inverse relation -> important developments in macroeconomic theory
🎂Nov 18, 1914 Alban William Housego Phillips born in Te Rehunga, New Zealand 🇳🇿
1958: The "Phillips Curve,'' a scatterplot of inflation vs. unemployment over time shows a strong inverse relation -> important developments in macroeconomic theory
November 19, 2025 at 1:56 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 18, 1914 Alban William Housego Phillips born in Te Rehunga, New Zealand 🇳🇿
1958: The "Phillips Curve,'' a scatterplot of inflation vs. unemployment over time shows a strong inverse relation -> important developments in macroeconomic theory
🎂Nov 18, 1914 Alban William Housego Phillips born in Te Rehunga, New Zealand 🇳🇿
1958: The "Phillips Curve,'' a scatterplot of inflation vs. unemployment over time shows a strong inverse relation -> important developments in macroeconomic theory
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 18, 1787 Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France 🇫🇷
1839: Invention of the first practical photographic process, using coated plates of metal and glass (daguerrotype)
🎂Nov 18, 1787 Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France 🇫🇷
1839: Invention of the first practical photographic process, using coated plates of metal and glass (daguerrotype)
November 19, 2025 at 1:06 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 18, 1787 Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France 🇫🇷
1839: Invention of the first practical photographic process, using coated plates of metal and glass (daguerrotype)
🎂Nov 18, 1787 Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, France 🇫🇷
1839: Invention of the first practical photographic process, using coated plates of metal and glass (daguerrotype)
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 18, 1832 Thomas de Colmar patents the Arithmometer, the 1st commercially successful mechanical calculator, robust enough for daily office use. It could add, subtract, do multiplication & long division, and first mass-produced mechanical calculator in the world
📅Nov 18, 1832 Thomas de Colmar patents the Arithmometer, the 1st commercially successful mechanical calculator, robust enough for daily office use. It could add, subtract, do multiplication & long division, and first mass-produced mechanical calculator in the world
November 19, 2025 at 12:34 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 18, 1832 Thomas de Colmar patents the Arithmometer, the 1st commercially successful mechanical calculator, robust enough for daily office use. It could add, subtract, do multiplication & long division, and first mass-produced mechanical calculator in the world
📅Nov 18, 1832 Thomas de Colmar patents the Arithmometer, the 1st commercially successful mechanical calculator, robust enough for daily office use. It could add, subtract, do multiplication & long division, and first mass-produced mechanical calculator in the world
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 18, 1887 Gustav Theodor Fechner died in Leipzig, Germany 🇩🇪
1850: Fechner's Law: the subjective sensation is proportional to the log of stimulus intensity. This is a core idea behind accuracy of visual encoding of data -- eg, length > angle > area > color
💀Nov 18, 1887 Gustav Theodor Fechner died in Leipzig, Germany 🇩🇪
1850: Fechner's Law: the subjective sensation is proportional to the log of stimulus intensity. This is a core idea behind accuracy of visual encoding of data -- eg, length > angle > area > color
November 19, 2025 at 12:21 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
💀Nov 18, 1887 Gustav Theodor Fechner died in Leipzig, Germany 🇩🇪
1850: Fechner's Law: the subjective sensation is proportional to the log of stimulus intensity. This is a core idea behind accuracy of visual encoding of data -- eg, length > angle > area > color
💀Nov 18, 1887 Gustav Theodor Fechner died in Leipzig, Germany 🇩🇪
1850: Fechner's Law: the subjective sensation is proportional to the log of stimulus intensity. This is a core idea behind accuracy of visual encoding of data -- eg, length > angle > area > color
Here's one use example from my book
November 17, 2025 at 2:44 AM
Here's one use example from my book
#rstats #math An interesting math/stats puzzle:
What is the distribution of the determinants of all possible 3 x 3 matrices that can be formed using the numbers 1:9 in some permutation? (9! = 362,880)
It turns out to be surprisingly symmetric, with some peculiar
gaps.
Code at: bit.ly/4qZD4BT
What is the distribution of the determinants of all possible 3 x 3 matrices that can be formed using the numbers 1:9 in some permutation? (9! = 362,880)
It turns out to be surprisingly symmetric, with some peculiar
gaps.
Code at: bit.ly/4qZD4BT
November 17, 2025 at 2:17 AM
#rstats #math An interesting math/stats puzzle:
What is the distribution of the determinants of all possible 3 x 3 matrices that can be formed using the numbers 1:9 in some permutation? (9! = 362,880)
It turns out to be surprisingly symmetric, with some peculiar
gaps.
Code at: bit.ly/4qZD4BT
What is the distribution of the determinants of all possible 3 x 3 matrices that can be formed using the numbers 1:9 in some permutation? (9! = 362,880)
It turns out to be surprisingly symmetric, with some peculiar
gaps.
Code at: bit.ly/4qZD4BT
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 13, 1911 Heinz Von Foerster born in Vienna, Italy 🇮🇹
1930: Timeline of historical events drawn on a logarithmic scale, allowing enormous range & changing the default linear view of history for visibility of more recent events
🎂Nov 13, 1911 Heinz Von Foerster born in Vienna, Italy 🇮🇹
1930: Timeline of historical events drawn on a logarithmic scale, allowing enormous range & changing the default linear view of history for visibility of more recent events
November 14, 2025 at 2:33 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 13, 1911 Heinz Von Foerster born in Vienna, Italy 🇮🇹
1930: Timeline of historical events drawn on a logarithmic scale, allowing enormous range & changing the default linear view of history for visibility of more recent events
🎂Nov 13, 1911 Heinz Von Foerster born in Vienna, Italy 🇮🇹
1930: Timeline of historical events drawn on a logarithmic scale, allowing enormous range & changing the default linear view of history for visibility of more recent events
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 12, 1733 Abraham De Moivre published his limit theorem to the binomial distribution
'Approximatio ad Summam Terminorum Binomii in Seriem expansi'
📅Nov 12, 1733 Abraham De Moivre published his limit theorem to the binomial distribution
'Approximatio ad Summam Terminorum Binomii in Seriem expansi'
November 13, 2025 at 1:22 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
📅Nov 12, 1733 Abraham De Moivre published his limit theorem to the binomial distribution
'Approximatio ad Summam Terminorum Binomii in Seriem expansi'
📅Nov 12, 1733 Abraham De Moivre published his limit theorem to the binomial distribution
'Approximatio ad Summam Terminorum Binomii in Seriem expansi'
#rstats #dataviz
🚀📈 Plotting methods for linear/quadratic discriminant analysis now developing nicely in the dev 1.0.1 version of {candisc} 📦
Now, nice ggplot plots of decision regions in data space for MASS::lda() & MASS::qda
🔗 friendly.r-universe.dev/candisc
🚀📈 Plotting methods for linear/quadratic discriminant analysis now developing nicely in the dev 1.0.1 version of {candisc} 📦
Now, nice ggplot plots of decision regions in data space for MASS::lda() & MASS::qda
🔗 friendly.r-universe.dev/candisc
November 12, 2025 at 2:03 AM
#rstats #dataviz
🚀📈 Plotting methods for linear/quadratic discriminant analysis now developing nicely in the dev 1.0.1 version of {candisc} 📦
Now, nice ggplot plots of decision regions in data space for MASS::lda() & MASS::qda
🔗 friendly.r-universe.dev/candisc
🚀📈 Plotting methods for linear/quadratic discriminant analysis now developing nicely in the dev 1.0.1 version of {candisc} 📦
Now, nice ggplot plots of decision regions in data space for MASS::lda() & MASS::qda
🔗 friendly.r-universe.dev/candisc
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
Bertillon introduced the first standardized system of causes of death, and made many statistical charts and maps.
This lovely one shows movement of travelers through Paris in 1889, using flow lines overlaid on the city map, bar charts and a pie chart legend.
Bertillon introduced the first standardized system of causes of death, and made many statistical charts and maps.
This lovely one shows movement of travelers through Paris in 1889, using flow lines overlaid on the city map, bar charts and a pie chart legend.
November 12, 2025 at 1:09 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
Bertillon introduced the first standardized system of causes of death, and made many statistical charts and maps.
This lovely one shows movement of travelers through Paris in 1889, using flow lines overlaid on the city map, bar charts and a pie chart legend.
Bertillon introduced the first standardized system of causes of death, and made many statistical charts and maps.
This lovely one shows movement of travelers through Paris in 1889, using flow lines overlaid on the city map, bar charts and a pie chart legend.
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 11, 1851 Jacques Bertillon born in Paris, France 🇫🇷
1896: Use of area rectangles on a #map to display two variables and their product (population of arrondisements in Paris, percent foreigners; area = absolute number of foreigners)
🎂Nov 11, 1851 Jacques Bertillon born in Paris, France 🇫🇷
1896: Use of area rectangles on a #map to display two variables and their product (population of arrondisements in Paris, percent foreigners; area = absolute number of foreigners)
November 12, 2025 at 1:05 AM
#TodayinHistory #dataviz #OTD 📊
🎂Nov 11, 1851 Jacques Bertillon born in Paris, France 🇫🇷
1896: Use of area rectangles on a #map to display two variables and their product (population of arrondisements in Paris, percent foreigners; area = absolute number of foreigners)
🎂Nov 11, 1851 Jacques Bertillon born in Paris, France 🇫🇷
1896: Use of area rectangles on a #map to display two variables and their product (population of arrondisements in Paris, percent foreigners; area = absolute number of foreigners)