Marko Rummelsburg
@markorummelsburg.bsky.social
Polymath, Space Weather Enthusiast, Berlin ☞ raumwetter.de #AuDHD 🏳️🌈
Excerpt of sunspot groups 4296 and 4294
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
December 9, 2025 at 1:43 PM
Excerpt of sunspot groups 4296 and 4294
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
A lot of flux emergence and a nasty delta spot in the north of region 4294 indicate the potential for more M-class flares, maybe X-class flares. Most of them have been non-eruptive until recently.
December 9, 2025 at 10:45 AM
A lot of flux emergence and a nasty delta spot in the north of region 4294 indicate the potential for more M-class flares, maybe X-class flares. Most of them have been non-eruptive until recently.
A chain of minor to moderate coronal mass ejections on their way to earth. Not all of them will hit us but we might see synergistic effects if some of them arrive like a pile of pancakes.
December 9, 2025 at 9:13 AM
A chain of minor to moderate coronal mass ejections on their way to earth. Not all of them will hit us but we might see synergistic effects if some of them arrive like a pile of pancakes.
Base difference imagery shows two eruptions associated with M-class flares. One from 4299 in the N (dimming) and one from 4294 in the SE (opening field lines, coronal wave, type II+IV radio burst). It seems like both produced CMEs, let's see if they are earth-directed.
December 9, 2025 at 8:34 AM
Base difference imagery shows two eruptions associated with M-class flares. One from 4299 in the N (dimming) and one from 4294 in the SE (opening field lines, coronal wave, type II+IV radio burst). It seems like both produced CMEs, let's see if they are earth-directed.
M2.0 solar flare from region 4299. A sigmoid flare structure and dimming areas around the flare are indicative of an eruption.
December 9, 2025 at 2:02 AM
M2.0 solar flare from region 4299. A sigmoid flare structure and dimming areas around the flare are indicative of an eruption.
The awakening of sunspot groups 4296/4294/4298 with M- and X-class flares. Flux emergence near the trailing spot from 4294 in the middle is still ongoing and so the potential for a major eruption is increasing.
December 8, 2025 at 7:25 PM
The awakening of sunspot groups 4296/4294/4298 with M- and X-class flares. Flux emergence near the trailing spot from 4294 in the middle is still ongoing and so the potential for a major eruption is increasing.
The sun's potential magnetic field model PFSS helps us to understand the path/ deflection of erupted material. ☀️
December 8, 2025 at 3:21 PM
The sun's potential magnetic field model PFSS helps us to understand the path/ deflection of erupted material. ☀️
☀️ Active sun is playing with filaments, lighting up with several M-class and one X-class solar flare ☀️
December 8, 2025 at 2:28 PM
☀️ Active sun is playing with filaments, lighting up with several M-class and one X-class solar flare ☀️
M2.4 solar flare in combination with a small but very dense erupting filament associated with sunspot group 4299 near the central meridian. Coronal mass ejection likely (even though a lot of material was reabsorbed).
December 8, 2025 at 1:47 AM
M2.4 solar flare in combination with a small but very dense erupting filament associated with sunspot group 4299 near the central meridian. Coronal mass ejection likely (even though a lot of material was reabsorbed).
New forecast article discussing three CMEs (including the full halo CME from 6 Dec)
raumwetter.de/erdgerichtet...
raumwetter.de/erdgerichtet...
Erdgerichtete 'Sonnenstürme' (CMEs) unterwegs - raumwetter.de
Am 8.12./9.12.. Ankunft eines starken Sonnensturms (CME) erwartet, starker geomagnetischer Sturm und Polarlicht in Mittelbreiten erwartet
raumwetter.de
December 7, 2025 at 5:47 PM
New forecast article discussing three CMEs (including the full halo CME from 6 Dec)
raumwetter.de/erdgerichtet...
raumwetter.de/erdgerichtet...
☀️ Active Region 4294 is waking up
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
December 7, 2025 at 1:51 PM
☀️ Active Region 4294 is waking up
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
Reposted by Marko Rummelsburg
Gorgeous eruption that has become a halo CME on its way to Earth (likely arriving on December 9). Quite strong shock, given that proton flux has started to rise.
Video Halo CME
x.com/halocme/stat...
Video Halo CME
x.com/halocme/stat...
December 7, 2025 at 6:11 AM
Gorgeous eruption that has become a halo CME on its way to Earth (likely arriving on December 9). Quite strong shock, given that proton flux has started to rise.
Video Halo CME
x.com/halocme/stat...
Video Halo CME
x.com/halocme/stat...
60 hours of sunspot groups 4296 & 4294: The trailing spot of 4294 gets highly asymmetrical. We see a lot of opposite polarity flux emergence west (right) and south of it.
December 7, 2025 at 1:05 PM
60 hours of sunspot groups 4296 & 4294: The trailing spot of 4294 gets highly asymmetrical. We see a lot of opposite polarity flux emergence west (right) and south of it.
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
December 7, 2025 at 12:13 AM
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
December 7, 2025 at 12:07 AM
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
☀️ Active Region 4294 is showing some minor mixing of polarities in its leading and trailing section and produces minor solar flares (C-class)
SDO AIA 171Å, 193Å, 211Å + SDO HMI Magnetogram
2025-12-06 0000z - 1100z
SDO AIA 171Å, 193Å, 211Å + SDO HMI Magnetogram
2025-12-06 0000z - 1100z
December 6, 2025 at 12:05 PM
☀️ Active Region 4294 is showing some minor mixing of polarities in its leading and trailing section and produces minor solar flares (C-class)
SDO AIA 171Å, 193Å, 211Å + SDO HMI Magnetogram
2025-12-06 0000z - 1100z
SDO AIA 171Å, 193Å, 211Å + SDO HMI Magnetogram
2025-12-06 0000z - 1100z
Slight flux emergence visible in sunspot groups 4296 and 4294 which are now located near the central meridian of the sun. ☀️ However, the magnetic fields are still mainly bipolar and therefore stable.
December 6, 2025 at 11:17 AM
Slight flux emergence visible in sunspot groups 4296 and 4294 which are now located near the central meridian of the sun. ☀️ However, the magnetic fields are still mainly bipolar and therefore stable.
A stealth CME (coronal mass ejection, solar storm) left the sun's corona early on 2025-12-04 without unambiguous traces. It will likely miss earth but we could see some glancing effects early on 08 December.
December 5, 2025 at 10:51 AM
A stealth CME (coronal mass ejection, solar storm) left the sun's corona early on 2025-12-04 without unambiguous traces. It will likely miss earth but we could see some glancing effects early on 08 December.
Three days of sunspot groups 4296, 4294, 4298 ☀️ recent signs of decay
December 5, 2025 at 8:51 AM
Three days of sunspot groups 4296, 4294, 4298 ☀️ recent signs of decay
Very large but mostly stable: the cluster of sunspot groups in the southern part of the sun. Meanwhile, an unexpected M-class flare associated CME ('solar storm') was released in the east and a flare-less CME in the southeast. Weak glancing blow possible Dec 08 (NASA M2M)
December 5, 2025 at 12:29 AM
Very large but mostly stable: the cluster of sunspot groups in the southern part of the sun. Meanwhile, an unexpected M-class flare associated CME ('solar storm') was released in the east and a flare-less CME in the southeast. Weak glancing blow possible Dec 08 (NASA M2M)
This happens when magnetic field lines of opposite polarity touch: reconnection, sudden release of energy, solar flare, plasma eruption
We see a strong M6.0 flare from small region 4300 in the eastern part of the sun. The coronal mass ejection will likely miss earth.
We see a strong M6.0 flare from small region 4300 in the eastern part of the sun. The coronal mass ejection will likely miss earth.
December 4, 2025 at 3:46 AM
This happens when magnetic field lines of opposite polarity touch: reconnection, sudden release of energy, solar flare, plasma eruption
We see a strong M6.0 flare from small region 4300 in the eastern part of the sun. The coronal mass ejection will likely miss earth.
We see a strong M6.0 flare from small region 4300 in the eastern part of the sun. The coronal mass ejection will likely miss earth.
Cluster of sunspot groups 4296, 4294, 4298: Little change in the last 24 hours
December 4, 2025 at 12:03 AM
Cluster of sunspot groups 4296, 4294, 4298: Little change in the last 24 hours
Reposted by Marko Rummelsburg
Here's a fun science nugget from @PUNCH-mission.bsky.social: a colorized polarimetric image of the extended solar corona, with bonus dust trails from a micrometeoroid impact! ☀️🛰️🔭
December 3, 2025 at 9:20 PM
Here's a fun science nugget from @PUNCH-mission.bsky.social: a colorized polarimetric image of the extended solar corona, with bonus dust trails from a micrometeoroid impact! ☀️🛰️🔭
The sun is busy: A filament lift-off at the western limb, a possible stealth coronal mass ejection: expansion of coronal hole CH04, a large filament lift-off in the SW quadrant
December 3, 2025 at 6:39 PM
The sun is busy: A filament lift-off at the western limb, a possible stealth coronal mass ejection: expansion of coronal hole CH04, a large filament lift-off in the SW quadrant
Combined arrival of solar sector boundary crossing, a coronal hole's stream Interaction region und possibly parts of a coronal mass ejection
A long period of negative Bz (north south component of the interplanetary magnetic field) makes aurora likely in mid latitudes.
A long period of negative Bz (north south component of the interplanetary magnetic field) makes aurora likely in mid latitudes.
December 3, 2025 at 5:39 PM
Combined arrival of solar sector boundary crossing, a coronal hole's stream Interaction region und possibly parts of a coronal mass ejection
A long period of negative Bz (north south component of the interplanetary magnetic field) makes aurora likely in mid latitudes.
A long period of negative Bz (north south component of the interplanetary magnetic field) makes aurora likely in mid latitudes.