On the third anniversary of Paul Farmer’s death, Didi Bertrand Farmer reflects on his “beautiful garden” — a vision of social justice in health care, with deep roots in the fertile soil of equity.

People who use drugs (PWUD) face a disproportionately high risk of HIV, accounting for a considerable share of cases in the United States. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to be effective in preventing HIV transmission through both sexual contact and injection drug use. However, adherence is essential for real-world success. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted the first systematic review to examine PrEP interventions among PWUD and identify strategies to enhance adherence. Using EMBASE, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, we screened 1,389 abstracts, of which nine met the inclusion criteria. The nine studies analyzed demonstrated extensive heterogeneity in intervention components, program duration, adherence measures, and outcomes. Most interventions aimed to reduce out-of-pocket costs and improve medication accessibility, while nearly half incorporated digital or electronic tools. Successful interventions addressed financial and logistical barriers and were implemented in regions where PrEP had been integrated into national healthcare systems at no additional cost. Additionally, combining PrEP with opioid substitution therapy or medication for opioid use disorder was associated with higher adherence rates, ranging from 80 to 95% of participants. Behavioral interventions were underutilized, despite their potential to address psychosocial challenges. Finally, unique barriers faced by women who use drugs highlight the need for tailored, trauma-informed, and mental health support services to address gender-specific challenges. Ultimately, these studies serve as an important starting point, underscoring both the necessity of broader research and the potential effectiveness of targeted programs to achieve and maintain high PrEP adherence for this key population.

Abstract. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral suppression was evaluated after receipt of crushed or dissolved bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alaf

BackgroundStandard adverse event (AE) monitoring only records whether events occur after the intervention, and not whether these events vary over time.Object...

Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) pose significant threats to patients and public health worldwide. Carbapenem resistance can occur through several molecular mechanisms,...

A 51-year-old man with type 1 diabetes complicated by end-stage renal disease underwent a living-related kidney transplant (right-sided, 2001) and a deceased donor pancreas transplant with enteric exo...

Medical specialists, wary of the guidance provided by Trump’s team, offer up their own advice independently of the government.

The interferon gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot is a highly sensitive immune assay that enables the assessment of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and can iden...

International travelers frequently acquire AMR organisms; sequencing these pathogens upon return can provide insight into otherwise unobserved global AMR d

What is the future of Infectious Diseases? The authors provide a framework to incorporate our understanding of immunology to evolve how ID clinicians will

Among people with HIV in REPRIEVE, 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk estimates were highest with PCE versus SCORE2 and PREVENT. Statin pr

We conducted a 20-year statewide cohort of 115 Elizabethkingia bloodstream infections in Queensland, Australia. Incidence was ∼9-fold higher in tropic…

Neutrophils are critical to the human innate immune system as they serve to recognize and eliminate foreign microbes. Approximately 2.5 × 1010 neutrophils circulate in healthy adults to protect the bo...

Sex-specific differences in immune selection of HIV-1 reservoir cells during long-term antiretroviral therapy are driven by innate immunity.

SUMMARYPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant complication of arthroplasty. Implicit in the diagnosis of PJI is the presence of organisms in what should be a sterile milieu. Given limit...

Background Invasive infection may be the first prompt to investigate the occult presence of a plasma cell neoplasm. The objective of this study was to quantify the risk for subsequent diagnosis of a.....

A growing contingent of physicians and policymakers are breaking away from federal health guidance under Robert F. Kennedy Jr.

Early efforts using a CD40L-targeting agent supports genetically modified pig kidney transplants in select patients.