Paul Robustelli
@paulrobustelli.bsky.social
560 followers 420 following 92 posts
Assistant Professor at Dartmouth College Computational Biophysics / Disordered Proteins / Molecular Recognition
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paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Excited to share a new preprint:

"Monomer binding modes of small molecules that modulate the kinetics of hIAPP amyloid formation"

by graduate student Michelle Garcia together with post-doc Korey Reid.

Paper:
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...

Code + Ensembles: github.com/paulrobustel...
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
...we're super excited to use MD simulations to study how these ligands affect the process of oligomerization of hIAPP and start trying to design more potent aggregation inhibitors. The GPUs are already churning!
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
While they're only rarely populated at the same time - these multisite binding mode give us a better understanding of how a network of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors confer pronounced affinity to residues 7_CATQRLANFLV_17.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
To get more insight into the diversity of binding modes and search for more structured modes - we looked at binding poses where at least 15 residues of hIAPP were in contact with each ligand. This represented 12.9% of bound frames for YX-I-1 but only 3.9% of YX-A-1.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Interestingly, the exposed regions of YX-A-1 are quite hydrophobic (cylcohexane and benzene) - and we think this could be part of how it accelerates aggregation into higher order oligomers and protofilaments
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
We see that each ligand has moieties that are consistently buried and others that are consistently exposed across binding modes. We think that buried moieties might confer monomer affinity - while exposed moieties could affect rates of oligomerization into higher order species.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Comparing populations of intermolecular interactions we found something unique about this pair: the largest difference is elevated populations of hydrogen bonds with YX-I-1, not increased populations of aromatic stacking interactions -which we usually see in tighter IDP ligands
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
We have a detailed comparison of contact profiles and helicity changes with NMR CSPs from in the SI. We don't see perfect agreement, but observe that the average magnitude of CSPs correlate pretty well with average contact populations and changes in helicity upon and binding.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
In ligand binding simulations, we see heterogenous ensembles of binding modes. We see YX-I-1 is a tighter binder than YX-A-1, and produces larger conformational changes upon binding, consistent with larger NMR chemical shift perturbations (CSPs) and other assays from @radford-lab.bsky.social
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Michelle had an awesome idea to use matrices of circuit topology assignments from work by @alirezamashaghi.bsky.social (pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10....) for dimensionality reduction to project all our apo and holo ensembles onto latent space reflecting the topological similarity of conformations.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Our WT hIAPP ensemble is in good agreement with NMR chemical shifts, showing us we have a good force field (a99SB-disp) for this system. S20G introduces a central hinge that increases populations of intramolecular contact and beta-sheets bewteen residues in hIAPP fibril cores
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
We used 400us of enhanced sampling (REST2) all-atom MD to characterize the conformational ensembles of wild-type (WT) hIAPP, and the S20G variant (which accelerates aggregation and is associated with early-onset T2D) and characterize their interactions with these ligands.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
They found molecules that inhibit (YX-I-1) and accelerate (YX-A-1) hIAPP aggregation.

YX-I-1, which was found to bind monomer by NMR, SPR, and mass-spec could be a lead for developing T2D therapies. Kinetics assays show YX-A-1 mainly interacts with higher order oligomers.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Aggregation and amyloid formation of the disordered protein human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) is associated with type-2-diabetes (T2D).

Recently, @radford-lab.bsky.social ran a screen of 1500 small molecules to find hIAPP binders.

nature.com/articles/s41...
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
Excited to share a new preprint:

"Monomer binding modes of small molecules that modulate the kinetics of hIAPP amyloid formation"

by graduate student Michelle Garcia together with post-doc Korey Reid.

Paper:
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...

Code + Ensembles: github.com/paulrobustel...
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
We think this means that Writhe could be a useful feature for training generative models of IDP conformations and assessing their topological complexity, to ultimately produce models that are in closer agreement with all-atom MD.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
As a proof-of-principle, we showed that if you train DDPMs with Writhe-PaiNN on a single long timescale MD trajectory, you can accurately described the populations of chiral chain crossings seen in that simulations, whereas a DDPM trained with PaiNN can't distinguish their populations.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
...generative models you can switch from D- to L-amino acids. It also means that if you model IDPs with chiral chain crossings in popular 1-bead per residue coarse grain (CG) models, you won't capture differences in populations of chain crossings with different writhe.
paulrobustelli.bsky.social
...and incorporated this into the E(3)-
equivariant, polarizable atom interaction network (PaiNN), to develop Writhe-PaiNN, augmenting its symmetry from E(3) to SE(3).

Why do this? A DDPM trained with an E(3)-equivariant model can invert the chirality of generated structures. In all-atom...