Glen Peters
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glenpeters.bsky.social
Glen Peters
@glenpeters.bsky.social

Energy, emissions, & climate
CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway
https://cicero.oslo.no/en/employees/glen-peters

Glen Vecchione is an American composer, lyricist, poet, and writer. With David Dusing he co-authored the music and lyrics to the musical The Legend of Frankie and Johnny. He is the author and illustrator of several non-fiction books for children and young adults; many of them written on science related topics or on children's games. He has also published poetry for adults in several literary journals. Under the pseudonym Glen Peters he wrote the novel Where the Nights Smell Like Bread. .. more

Environmental science 41%
Economics 22%
Pinned
📢Global Carbon Budget 2025📢

Fossil CO2 emissions continue to rise in 2025 while the terrestrial carbon sink recovers to pre-El Niño strength.

The key findings are covered in two reports this year:
* ESSDD (preprint): essd.copernicus.org/preprints/es...
* Nature: www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1/

Oh, seems you cant play back. Damn...

Putting both points together, he was more or less saying / implying the IEA got it wrong, now they have revised it, and show we need more oil and gas than previously thought, and we need to go into new areas.

The way he framed it, from memory, was that new projections have revised up expectations of oil. I understood him to say that the IEA projected lower oil demand, but now, they project higher demand. (basically, they added the CPS).
I should double check: www.equinor.com/about-us/202...
Autumn Conference 2025
We have invited our speakers to set off a thorough conversation on trust and cooperation at a time of unpredictability, conflict and geopolitical tension.
www.equinor.com

Yes, good point. I think we should say "exceeded 1.5C". The overshoot part is a bit like peak emissions. Unless you actually start declining, or go back below the "threshold", then we cant say overshoot has happened. It is a hypothetical. Exceeding is not.

I must say, the Labour Party is extremely pro oil and gas. Zero ambiguity. They want to find and extract as much oil and gas as possible.

I can't see. But I am sitting at the back... In any case, no chance for him to correct.

Oh this continues...

He is saying oil demand is higher than expected a few years ago. No. The opposite is true.

The IEA added a new scenario. Compare the last time that scenario was done in 2019...

He keeps comparing across scenarios, not across how the same scenario changes in time

2/

Anders Opedal (CEO of Equinor) said something wrong here.

He said that the IEA said no need for new oil and gas before, now they say more oil and gas needed. This is wrong.

The no new oil and gas is if demand drops in line with 1.5C, and always has been.

1/

Just to add. There is also uncertainty in data, data revisions, some month(s) left in the year, uncertain weather (hence, solar, wind, hydro), etc.

Yes, but we have much the same for coal in China. The 0.3% growth here is the size of the leap year adjustment, so this says we are saying China coal in 2024 and 2025 is about the same. It is a coin toss if coal in China goes up or down in 2025. I think Lauri basically says the same?

I would agree, though, I doubt the plenary does...
And if IPCC AR7 is not released until after the GST in 2028, then they will still be using the 2019 number until 2029, when the budget for 1.5°C would have been exceeded...

(unless someone comes up with new bigger budgets)
#cop30 decision's "recalling with concern" that "historical cumulative net carbon dioxide emissions account for at least four fifths of the total carbon budget for a 50% probability of limiting global warming to 1.5C" was true *in 2019*.

It's now 94%, best guess. /1

unfccc.int/sites/defaul...
unfccc.int

CC @cleanpowerdave.bsky.social & @robbieandrew.bsky.social, as this continues the discussion from last week...

3/3

If coal had gone down in the US, or had gone down as expected in the EU, then global coal would have declined.

Or, if India (or China) had grown as the last few years, coal would have risen.

Basically, coal in 2025 is on a very delicate balance.

Similar case for oil (not as drastic).

2/

The change in global fossil CO2 emissions in 2025 were rather unusual, particularly for coal & oil.

The country level changes are all rather small & often contrast previous years.

We project coal to increase, because it is flat everywhere and rising in the US.

1/
Now that we are likely to cross 1.5°C, there is increasing discussion on "overshoot".

There is a lot of uncertainties on overshoot, but there is one thing that we are 100% sure about:

GHG emissions need to go down >90% in decades for overshoot to be a reality.

www.swp-berlin.org/publikation/...
This, by @giacgrassi.bsky.social, remains one of the simplest and best climate visuals
#cop30 decision's "recalling with concern" that "historical cumulative net carbon dioxide emissions account for at least four fifths of the total carbon budget for a 50% probability of limiting global warming to 1.5C" was true *in 2019*.

It's now 94%, best guess. /1

unfccc.int/sites/defaul...
unfccc.int

@cleanpowerdave.bsky.social, noting Robbie's point on how we do the projection and the uncertainties (ie, we could be wrong), if coal in power is approx flat globally, would you not expect coal in total to go up? Or you have evidence to suggest all other coal uses are flat or declining?

I think many of the misdiagnoses of peak CO2 emissions are due to a focus on the power sector. Power sector emissions need to decline more than other sectors grow to get a peak. Power is 1/3 of global CO2. So, power has to drop a lot to drive a decrease in global (and country) CO2.

The sector will be "non power", so industry & some small things. Coal in power has gone down in India, EU, China, which would imply industry has grown (perhaps even on trend). So yes, extrapolate that to all countries... If coal is flat in power globally, then I would expect coal up in total.

Reposted by Glen P. Peters

COP31: It's now officially, officially going to Turkey / Australia

This 2-page doc sets out the division of labour:

Turkey = host and "COP31 president"
Australia = "president of negotiations"

unfccc.int/sites/def...

AMOC slowing down?

Well, I don't see much evidence that it is censored. They don't cite all my papers either...

More feasible is that the authors didn't assess all the literature or didn't do a good enough job. That is not censorship. Did you mention this in the IPCC review cycles?
This is what Ember's data have for "World", which is a very large share of global electricity generation. Coal is up all of 5 TWh so far in 2025, gas up 19 TWh. Compared to solar up 535 TWh and wind 141 TWh.

Reposted by Glen P. Peters

The contrast with China is also interesting. Coal generation is also down so far this year in China, but electricity demand is still growing strongly.
robbieandrew.github.io/china/

Yes, total CO2 emissions approximately flat, which means atmospheric CO2 increasing at a constant rate.

Reposted by Tuomas Mattila

Children Do Removals (CDR). Surely there must be something better...