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NEJM AI
@ai.nejm.org
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NEJM AI, a new monthly journal from the publisher of @nejm.org, explores the cutting-edge applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in clinical medicine. Online at ai.nejm.org.
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NEJM AI @ai.nejm.org · 7d
In the latest episode of the NEJM AI Grand Rounds podcast, cognitive psychologist Dr. Laura Zwaan discusses how machines inherit our biases and why both need transparency and reflection. Listen to the full episode now: nejm.ai/ep36

#AI #MedSky
AI Grand Rounds Episode 36 From Hindsight Bias to Machine Bias: Dr. Laura Zwaan on Learning from Mistakes A photo of Dr. Zwaan
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She swore she’d never study medicine — or psychology. Now she works at their intersection. On NEJM AI Grand Rounds, Dr. Laura Zwaan shares her winding path to diagnostic #AI. Listen to the full episode: nejm.ai/ep36

#MedSky #MLSky
November 26, 2025 at 2:31 PM
Reposted by NEJM AI
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Coming soon: NEJM Clinician

With NEJM Clinician, you'll get the most important developments in general medicine through concise, high-value summaries designed to fit into your day. See how NEJM Clinician keeps you informed and prepared: nej.md/48djv0c

#MedSky #InternalMedicine
November 25, 2025 at 10:47 PM
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A new study evaluates the performance of Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer, a conversational AI system for diagnostic support in breast oncology, using 60 synthetic patient vignettes without domain-specific fine-tuning. Full study results: nejm.ai/3LvGAmU

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Figure 1. Study Overview.
November 25, 2025 at 1:30 PM
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In a new editorial, the authors propose Humanity’s Next Medical Exam, a reenvisioned framework to challenge, measure, and promote appropriate, human-aligned AI experiential learning that is able to keep pace with evolving systems. Learn more: nejm.ai/43FVI7x

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Physician skepticism reflects an understanding of systemic and clinical realities, not a fear of technology. “Humanity’s Next Medical Exam: Preparing to Evaluate Superhuman Systems” by Jack Gallifant, M.B.B.S., and Danielle S. Bitterman, M.D.
November 24, 2025 at 2:30 PM
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The authors of a letter to the editor comment on the Perspective “AI Agents, Automaticity, and Value Alignment in Health Care.” Read the letter: nejm.ai/47JSL8z

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Page 1 of the letter "The Hedgehog’s Dilemma and the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine" Bottom: Read the full letter at ai.nejm.org.
November 21, 2025 at 1:30 PM
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A new Perspective highlights the need for consistent oversight of predictive #AI models in health care. The authors propose short-term randomized deployment as a standard to ensure institutional accountability, safety, and equity in AI implementation. nejm.ai/3LFovDj

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Figure 1. Summary of the Two-Way Moving Target Problem That Affects Translational Artificial Intelligence Models Predicting Patient Outcomes and Utilization, Using a Model Predicting Length of Stay as an Example.
November 20, 2025 at 2:15 PM
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In the latest episode of the NEJM AI Grand Rounds podcast, cognitive psychologist Dr. Laura Zwaan discusses how machines inherit our biases and why both need transparency and reflection. Listen to the full episode now: nejm.ai/ep36

#AI #MedSky
AI Grand Rounds Episode 36 From Hindsight Bias to Machine Bias: Dr. Laura Zwaan on Learning from Mistakes A photo of Dr. Zwaan
November 19, 2025 at 2:43 PM
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In a letter to the editor, Jamal Belkhouribchia, MD, comments on the Original Article “AI-Assisted Spirometry Interpretation in Primary Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Read the full letter: nejm.ai/4oIXRrs

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Page 1 of the letter "Comment on 'AI-Assisted Spirometry Interpretation in Primary Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial'" Bottom: Read the full letter at ai.nejm.org.
November 18, 2025 at 5:30 PM
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A new smartphone-based system for precise and automated strabismus measurement showed strong agreement with the prism and alternate cover test, offering an accessible, cost-effective solution for detection, monitoring, and management. Learn more: nejm.ai/43DkcOG

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
A visual representation of the Digital Ruler of Strabismus (DRS), a smartphone-based system for precise and automated strabismus measurement.
November 18, 2025 at 2:30 PM
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Perspective by P. Elias et al.: The Moment AI Arrived in the Clinic: Insights from the SAIL 2025 Year in Review nejm.ai/4hgF5F4

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Page 1 of the Perspective "The Moment AI Arrived in the Clinic: Insights from the SAIL 2025 Year in Review" Bottom: Read full article at ai.nejm.org.
November 17, 2025 at 1:30 PM
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A chatbot counseled better than he did. On NEJM AI Grand Rounds, Dr. Jonathan Chen shares the gut check — and the training opportunity for clinicians. Hear more from Dr. Chen: nejm.ai/ep35

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November 14, 2025 at 2:17 PM
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Perspective by Gerald Wiest, MD, FAAN, and Oliver H. Turnbull, PhD: Faulty Artificial Intelligence, or the Sleep of Reason nejm.ai/4nV6JKh

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Perspective [Hallucinations] are essentially passive phenomena rooted in conscious (mis)perception. Critically, AI lacks this conscious element. “Faulty Artificial Intelligence, or the Sleep of Reason” by Gerald Wiest, M.D., F.A.A.N., and Oliver H. Turnbull, Ph.D.
November 13, 2025 at 2:15 PM
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Perspective by L.L. Adams et al.: Advancing the National Academy of Medicine Artificial Intelligence Code of Conduct for Health and Medicine nejm.ai/3Jf0MJ1

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Page 1 of the Perspective "Advancing the National Academy of Medicine Artificial Intelligence Code of Conduct for Health and Medicine" Bottom: Read full article at ai.nejm.org.
November 12, 2025 at 1:45 PM
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When the tool outperforms the team: on NEJM AI Grand Rounds, Dr. Jonathan Chen discusses why human–AI collaboration must be tested, not assumed. GPT‑4 changed the scoreboard. Learn more: nejm.ai/ep35

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November 11, 2025 at 2:33 PM
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“A Case Study of AI-Enabled Software as a Medical Device Cleared by the FDA for Assessing Hemorrhage Risk Index (APPRAISE-HRI) after Trauma” by A. Frock et al. nejm.ai/48yUv5p

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Figure 1. APPRAISE-HRI Software as a Medical Device. Figure 2. Step-By-Step Exclusion Process of Trauma Patients from the Stanford Study, Where We Collected the Data between August 2020 and August 2021. Figure 3. Step-By-Step Exclusion Process of Trauma Patients from the LITES Study, Where We Collected the Data between January 2017 and June 2019.
November 10, 2025 at 1:31 PM
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A new Perspective reviews insights from the 2025 Symposium on AI for Learning Health Systems, examining how AI tools have moved from pilot studies to widespread use in clinical care. Learn more: nejm.ai/4hgF5F4

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“Are humans the ideal examiners of LLMs’ behavior? Until a coherent regulatory pathway emerges, clinicians and health systems will shoulder the responsibility and liability for ensuring these tools benefit rather than harm patients.” Perspective “The Moment AI Arrived in the Clinic: Insights from the SAIL 2025 Year in Review” by P. Elias et al.
November 7, 2025 at 2:15 PM
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A new Perspective argues that the term “AI hallucination” is a misnomer, contending that large language model errors more closely resemble “confabulation” — active, fabricated outputs — than hallucination, which implies conscious perception. Learn more: nejm.ai/4nV6JKh

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Figure 1. A Man Asleep Dreaming of Monsters. Aquatint by Francisco de Goya, 1796/98. Reprinted with permission from the Wellcome Collection.
November 6, 2025 at 1:30 PM
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“I do not trust machine learning.” On NEJM AI Grand Rounds, Dr. Jonathan Chen reminds clinicians that real care needs reliability, not vibes. Listen to the full episode: nejm.ai/ep35

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
November 5, 2025 at 2:10 PM
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A new Perspective summarizes the U.S. National Academy of Medicine’s AI Code of Conduct special publication, highlighting the critical need to establish shared guardrails to ensure the best health outcomes for the public. Learn more: nejm.ai/3Jf0MJ1

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
“As novel AI tools and technologies proliferate across health and health care, it is more critical than ever for organizations to prioritize safety, transparency, shared governance, and alignment with best practices in health AI.” Perspective “Advancing the National Academy of Medicine Artificial Intelligence Code of Conduct for Health and Medicine” by L.L. Adams et al.
November 4, 2025 at 2:31 PM
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A new Case Study evaluates APPRAISE-HRI, an AI-enabled clinical decision support tool trained on vital signs of trauma patients to stratify hemorrhage risk into three levels that was cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Learn more: nejm.ai/48yUv5p

@fda.gov #AI #MedSky #MLSky
Figure 1. APPRAISE-HRI Software as a Medical Device.
November 3, 2025 at 2:20 PM
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Comfort or conviction? Dr. Jonathan Chen left a good job for purpose — then worked harder than ever. The payoff: no regrets.

Listen to the latest episode of the NEJM AI Grand Rounds podcast: nejm.ai/ep35

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
October 31, 2025 at 1:15 PM
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Datasets, Benchmarks, and Protocols by L.G. McCoy et al.: Assessment of Large Language Models in Clinical Reasoning: A Novel Benchmarking Study nejm.ai/3KlD5yX

@liamgmccoy.bsky.social #AI #MedSky #MLSky
Figure 2. Overall Performance of Models on Full Script Concordance Testing Benchmark. Figure 3. Per-Test Performance of Models and Humans of Varying Training Levels. Figure 4. Comparison of Optimal Response Distribution with Overall Model Response Distribution.
October 30, 2025 at 12:10 PM
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Case Study by E. Klang et al.: Assessing Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models for Medical Coding nejm.ai/4mxIQH6

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Figure 1. LLM Performance in ICD Code Generation from Clinical Notes. Figure 2. Comparative Evaluations of ICD-10-CM Code Assignments: RAG-Enhanced LLMs versus Human Coders.
October 29, 2025 at 1:15 PM
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Volume 2, No. 11 of NEJM AI is now available! Here is a preview of the latest content:

𝗘𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗹
Humanity’s Next Medical Exam: Preparing to Evaluate Superhuman Systems nejm.ai/43FVI7x

#MedSky #AI #MLSky
The cover of the November 2025 issue of NEJM AI with "NEW ISSUE NOW AVAILABLE" above it
October 28, 2025 at 5:43 PM
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Raffi Hagopian, MD, responds to a letter regarding the Original Article he coauthored, “AI Opportunistic Coronary Calcium Screening at Veterans Affairs Hospitals.” Read the full response: nejm.ai/46QxtWh

#AI #MedSky #MLSky
Page 1 of "A Response to Dr. Ro’s Letter Regarding the Original Article, 'AI Opportunistic Coronary Calcium Screening at Veterans Affairs Hospitals'" Bottom: Read full article at ai.nejm.org.
October 28, 2025 at 1:35 PM