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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2h

Opera director, conductor, composer and arranger Fritz Stiedry was born #OTD in 1883. In 1933 Stiedry was "neutralized" and prevented from entering his house by SA action. On 15 Oct 1933 he took over the Philharmonic Orchestra in Leningrad.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7h

Conductor, musician and musicologist Kurt Singer was born #OTD 1885. Described as 'more German than the Germans', he was dismissed as a Jew from Germany’s musical life after Hitler’s takeover. From 1933-1938 he led the Berlin Jüdischer Kulturbund.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 20h

Margherita Grandi (born #OTD in 1892), an Italian dramatic soprano, was interned in Avellino, near Naples, before being rescued by her husband to the Alps. There she actively supported the partisans and smuggled Allied airmen into Switzerland.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 22h

Composer, conductor, musician and lawyer Wolfgang Fraenkel was born #OTD in 1897. In Nov 1938, Fraenkel was imprisoned in Sachsenhausen. He was released shortly after, on condition that he leave Germany immediately. He left around April 1939 for Shanghai.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Violinist and composer Emil Leyvand (born #OTD in 1923) was drafted in 1943 but sent back to Moscow because of his violin playing. He composed his Poeme about the Holocaust in the 1970s.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Conductor, composer and musical director Ernst Viebig was born #OTD in 1897. In 1933 he suffered increasing danger of being arrested as a KPD member and after a Gestapo interrogation left for Brazil. He did not find musical success there.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

Home Office and Ministry of Works to surmount the ban on public gatherings that had been issued, and the first concert was planned for 10 October 1939
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 1d

American pilot and jazz drummer Eugene Bullard (born #today in 1895) spied for the French government on Germans who frequented his nightclub, L'Escadrille. In 1940, Bullard was wounded defending Orléans while serving with the French 51st Infantry.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2d

German pianist, recording artist and teacher Helmut Roloff was born #OTD in 1912. In Sep 1942 he was arrested as part of an anti-Nazi group. Tortured by the Gestapo, he resisted revealing comrades and activities and was released for lack of evidence.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 2d

Vardapet Komitas was among thousands exiled during the Armenian Genocide. Most were murdered in exile. Komitas was one of the few to return and survive but ceased his research and all creative activities thereafter.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Pianist, composer and conductor Leo Wurmser (born #OTD in 1905) narrowly escaped Nazi capture and escaped the Britain following Austria's annexation. When war began he was interned in the Press Heath and Hutchinson Camps.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Rachela Olewski Zelmanowicz was born #OTD in 1921. She played mandolin in the women's orchestra of Auschwitz from 1942 before deportation to Bergen-Belsen 15 months later. She survived and wrote about her experience.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

David Beigelman was born in Lodz #OTD in 1887. In 1940 he entered the ghetto where he participated in its cultural life, conducting the first symphonic concert on Mar 1 1941. Music events continued until the end of 1943. In 1944 he was sent to Auschwitz.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 3d

Polish composer, violinist, pianist, musicologist and critic Roman Padlewski was born #OTD in 1915. He continued his education as a composer, conductor and organist at the Warsaw Underground Conservatory. He was killed in the Warsaw Uprising.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

The composer and violinist Zikmund Schul and his father departed from Germany #OTD in 1933, taking residence in Prague. He was transported to Terezín on 11 November 1941 where he continued to compose pieces, few of which survive.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 4d

Austrian composer, choirmaster, pianist and music teacher Erwin Weiss was born #OTD in 1912. In 1938 he exiled to Switzerland and then in 1939 to England, where he was interned on the Isle of Man where he met Erich Fried, whose works he arranged.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

German songwriter Bruno Balz was born #OTD in 1902. He was arrested for his homosexuality and spent months in prison but was released after authorities were persuaded he could write songs for the war effort.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

Actor, director and leftist activist Wolfgang Langhoff (born #OTD in 1901) engaged in cultural activities in Börgemoor, organising the ‘Zirkus Konzentrazani’, as well as co-creating the song ‘Moorsoldatenlied’.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

Maurice Hewitt was a French violinist and conductor, as well as a member of the French resistance. From 1918 he was a world-renowned violinist in the Capet Quartet, known for his interpretations of Beethoven's string quartets. He was born #OTD in 1884.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 5d

German composer Max Butting was born #OTD in 1888. He joined the left-wing Novembergruppe and led their musical events until 1927. Shunned by the National Socialists, he struggled to maintain a living and was pushed to join the Nazi Party.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 6d

#OTD in 1933 the Editors Law (Schriftleitergesetz) forbade non-“Aryans” to work in journalism. Under the new law, the association kept registries of “racially pure” editors and journalists, and excluded Jews and those married to Jews from the profession.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 6d

Polish poet, writer and translator Jerzy Ficowski (born #OTD 1924) was a member of the Polish resistance. He was imprisoned in the infamous Pawiak and took part in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7d

Organist, choirmaster, composer and writer Ernst Maschke was born #OTD in 1867. On 8 Oct 1936 the then 69-year-old was subjected to a professional ban. After denunciation, Gestapo invaded his house and he suffered stroke which killed him on 29 Mar 1940.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 7d

Pianist and pedagogue Wanda Kopecka was born #OTD 1885. In 1941, she was forced into the Warsaw ghetto but continued to teach. Caught in the deportations of Jews from the ghetto in Oct 1942, she was murdered in Treblinka.
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Music and the Holocaust @holocaustmusic.bsky.social · 8d

Jewish musicologist, composer, playwright, poet, and painter Arno Nadel was born #OTD in 1878. Although he had an exit visa to England, he was too weak to make the journey. On 12 Mar 1943 he was deported to Auschwitz where he was murdered the same year.
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