Fossil echinoids bearing boreholes offer valuable information about the paleoecology of both the echinoids and their tracemakers, assisting paleobiolo…

Diplodocoidea is a diverse clade of sauropod dinosaurs that comprises three major lineages: Diplodocidae, Dicraeosauridae and Rebbachisauridae, with the former two united as Flagellicaudata. There ...

In birds, the neural canal houses a variety of anatomical structures including the spinal cord, meninges, spinal vasculature, and respiratory diverticula. Among these, paramedullary diverticula and t....

Eucoelophysis baldwini is a silesaurid dinosauriform known only from a single fragmentary postcranial skeleton from the Petrified Forest Member of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation near Ghost Ran...

Ichthyosaurian faunas before and after the Pliensbachian stage of the Early Jurassic are known from numerous, often complete fossils. The two faunas are very different taxonomically, with only one of...

Abstract. During the latest Cretaceous, western North America experienced several regressive and transgressive cycles of the Western Interior Seaway (WIS).

Archaeoceratops oshimai Dong & Azuma, 1997, is a representative early-diverging neoceratopsian dinosaur excavated from the Lower Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area of Gansu Province, ...

Since it was first described in 1955, many fossils of the tyrannosaurid theropod Tarbosaurus bataar have been recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia and its contemporaneous u...

The evolution of marine mammals in South America includes unique and extinct lineages found nowhere else in the world, such as the walrus-convergent whale Odobenocetops and multiple aquatic sloth spec...

The Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) of western Canada is well known for its diverse fossil assemblage, preserving over a dozen species of large-bodied herbivorous dinosaurs. The high density of large he...

In this paper, we describe a dinosaur track assemblage from an Upper Triassic fluvial succession at the Lisowice-Lipie Śląskie site in Silesia, southe…

The oldest oligochaete cocoons (former cladocerans) from the upper Permian (Lopingian) freshwater Karaungir Lagerstätte of eastern Kazakhstan

The body temperature of vertebrates provides clues regarding their physiology and the ambient environments. The 18O/16O ratio (δ18O) of phosphate in bioapatite is a function of δ18O of body water and body temperature of vertebrate. However, because it was difficult to constrain the mixing ratios between the ingested ambient and metabolic H2O in body water of each vertebrate, determining the δ18O of body water presents a challenge. Here, we used the triple oxygen isotope compositions (Δ’17O) of phosphate in bioapatite to quantify the contribution of metabolic H2O to body water. We discovered that the contribution of metabolic H2O to the body water of mosasaur and plesiosaur was negligible by comparing the Δ’17O values of phosphate in their teeth with those of phosphate at isotope equilibrium with seawater, as predicted from the in vitro experiments using pyrophosphatase. Therefore, we accurately estimated their body temperature to range from 23 to 26°C, with an uncertainty of ± 5°C, from the δ18O of phosphate in bioapatite by substituting the δ18O of body water with that of seawater.

Palynology of the Cretaceous of the Araripe Basin: a bibliometric study. Palynology has played a crucial role in the stratigraphic studies of the Araripe Sedimentary Basin, contributing to the advance...

Palynology and megafauna in Quaternary Lake sediments from Lagoa do Coronel, Jaguaretama, Ceará, Brazil. Numerous natural lakes and tanks function as areas for the accumulation of water and remains of...

The Pirabas Formation, a representative geological unit of the Brazilian marine Cenozoic, assembles a rich and diverse fossil record, which includes Comatulida crinoids, components of the faunal assem...

The brachiopod Glottidia bravardi? is first described from the Paraná Formation (Late Miocene, Argentina). The species was known from other deposits of the “Entrerriense or Paranense” transgression (P...

Sparassodonta is an extinct clade of South American metatherians that occupied the role of carnivorous predators on the continent during the Cenozoic Era. The Oligocene was a significant period for th...

An extremely well-preserved specimen of the trace fossil Piscichnus waitemata, commonly interpreted as having been formed through the foraging behaviour of a fish or a mammal using a hydraulic jet ...

The Lower Fauna of the Upper Triassic Maleri Formation of Pranhita Godavari basin hosts a diverse array of fossil diapsids, including the putative dinosaur Alwalkeria maleriensis that was described...

Kear et al. describe the oldest fossil sea turtle soft tissues. These reveal the repeated evolution of scale-less skin as a hydrodynamic adaptation for oceanic lifestyles in chelonioids.

Millennial-scale bottom water oxygenation events occurred in the Cambrian Ocean in regions inhabited by early animals, according to analyses of sub-millimetre stratigraphic profiles of molybdenum and uranium isotopes.

A new euornithine bird, Kunpengornis anhuimusei gen. et sp. nov., is described based on a nearly complete skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) …