Alterations in miRNAs, p53, and sphingolipid metabolism are associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the role of sphingosine kinase (SK)-2, an enzyme crucial for sphingo...

Computational neurodegenerative neuropathology represents a transformative approach in the analysis and understanding of neurodegenerative diseases through utilization of whole slide images (WSIs) and advanced machine learning/artificial intelligence (ML/AI) techniques. This review explores the emerging field of computational neurodegenerative neuropathology, emphasizing its potential to enhance neuropathologic assessment, diagnosis, and research. Recent advancements in ML/AI technologies hav...

Cognitive impairment due to vascular pathology was recognized by Otto Binswanger in 1894, before Alois Alzheimer presented his findings in 1907. Vascular causes of cognitive impairment are likely due to a range of pathologies that are still, a hundred years later, unknown. Recent epidemiological evidence from post-mortem human brains report cases may be afflicted by Alzheimer’s disease, vascular disease or both. Although it is well-known that hypertension and diabetes affect vasculature throu...

Clinical implementation of whole genome and whole exome sequencing by next generation sequencing (NGS) allows for comprehensive detection of genomic alterations. However, with the growing number of clinically relevant genes and variants there is an urgent and growing need for reference materials to optimize, validate, and quality control NGS tests. This pilot study documents the paucity of physical reference materials for widely tested genes and demonstrates the utility of in silico mutageniz...

Gastric aspiration pneumonia involves chemical injury to the alveoli of the lungs with inflammation, tissue damage, and recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). PMNs are also known to be in...