The shortened BDLC strategy was not non-inferior to the control. Accumulating evidence suggests that this patient population might require longer, reinforced regimens.

In bronchiectasis, neutrophilic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of exacerbations and disease progression. Brensocatib, an oral, reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP...

American Thoracic Society

Aspergillus spp. cause a wide range of acute, sub-acute and chronic lung conditions, some of which can lead to progressive loss of lung function and death. More extensive use of immunosuppression in m...

Vaccination provides protection from COVID-19, but optimization in design and route is an ever-ongoing process. Here the authors pursue an open-label, multi-arm phase I clinical trial to report the sa...

In bronchiectasis, neutrophilic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of exacerbations and disease progression. Brensocatib, an oral, reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP...

Individuals surviving tuberculosis (TB) disease may experience chronic sequelae that reduce survival and quality of life. These post-TB sequalae are not generally considered in estimates of the health...

Economic, social and psychological distress is common in individuals affected by tuberculosis (TB). However, the magnitude of distress, psychological interventions and their effect on the treatment outcomes are often under-evaluated. We examined the level of psychological stress and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of such patients and the effect of antituberculosis therapy on them. Our prospective cohort study included newly diagnosed adult pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB patients. Assessment of psychological stress was done using the seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder questionnaire for anxiety and the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression. HRQoL was assessed by using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Of the 86 patients studied, 21 (24.4%) had anxiety symptoms at the baseline, which reduced to 5.8% and 1.2% at 2 months and treatment completion, respectively (p<0.001). Among the subjects, 18 (20.9%) patients had depression, which reduced to 7% and 2.3% at 2 months and treatment completion, respectively (p<0.001). All the mean domain scores of HRQoL were poor at the baseline, which showed improvement at treatment completion (p<0.001). Anxiety and depression were common among TB patients, and there was significant progressive reduction during and after treatment. TB had remarkable negative impacts on HRQoL, with the physical domain being the most affected, and all the domain scores showed significant improvement at treatment completion. Routine screening for depression and anxiety and timely referral to a psychiatrist are required in TB patients to improve the outcome of the disease and quality of life.

Legionella is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause Pontiac fever, a mild upper respiratory infection and Legionnaire’s disease, a more severe illness. We aimed to compare the performance of urine ...

Immunocompromised patients hospitalized with pneumonia often receive empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics despite low rates of multidrug-resistant organisms. Empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic use was no...

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Mouse models show that respiratory infections from viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2 can trigger metastasis of dormant breast cancer cells in the lungs, a finding supported by epidemiological d...