Ethereum
@ethereum.org
The universal platform for crypto, blockchain apps, stablecoins & decentralized tech. An account about the Ethereum ecosystem maintained by @ethereum.foundation.
10/ the merge changed how the protocol works, pectra changes how ethereum feels.
this isn’t just another upgrade, it’s a turning point.
the next era of ethereum begins now
this isn’t just another upgrade, it’s a turning point.
the next era of ethereum begins now
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
10/ the merge changed how the protocol works, pectra changes how ethereum feels.
this isn’t just another upgrade, it’s a turning point.
the next era of ethereum begins now
this isn’t just another upgrade, it’s a turning point.
the next era of ethereum begins now
9/ pectra is ethereum remembering what it’s for.
not just for resilience. not just for scale.
for users.
for the world.
if you want to learn more, here is another thread: x.com/binji_x/stat...
not just for resilience. not just for scale.
for users.
for the world.
if you want to learn more, here is another thread: x.com/binji_x/stat...
binji on X: "the ethereum pectra upgrade is coming. it’s one of the most ambitious upgrades yet. here is what you need to know 🧵" / X
the ethereum pectra upgrade is coming. it’s one of the most ambitious upgrades yet. here is what you need to know 🧵
x.com
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
9/ pectra is ethereum remembering what it’s for.
not just for resilience. not just for scale.
for users.
for the world.
if you want to learn more, here is another thread: x.com/binji_x/stat...
not just for resilience. not just for scale.
for users.
for the world.
if you want to learn more, here is another thread: x.com/binji_x/stat...
8/ upgrading a decentralized network that secures billions is like swapping an airplane engine mid-flight.
it takes hundreds of devs and years of work with dozens of teams working as one.
pectra is proof that ethereum moves and it moves together.
and this time, it moves for you.
it takes hundreds of devs and years of work with dozens of teams working as one.
pectra is proof that ethereum moves and it moves together.
and this time, it moves for you.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
8/ upgrading a decentralized network that secures billions is like swapping an airplane engine mid-flight.
it takes hundreds of devs and years of work with dozens of teams working as one.
pectra is proof that ethereum moves and it moves together.
and this time, it moves for you.
it takes hundreds of devs and years of work with dozens of teams working as one.
pectra is proof that ethereum moves and it moves together.
and this time, it moves for you.
7/ unlocking $490B of potential
ethereum already secures $490 billion in assets.
but too often, that value sits locked behind clunky UX.
pectra changes that.
it makes those assets easier to move, use, and experience.
ethereum already secures $490 billion in assets.
but too often, that value sits locked behind clunky UX.
pectra changes that.
it makes those assets easier to move, use, and experience.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
7/ unlocking $490B of potential
ethereum already secures $490 billion in assets.
but too often, that value sits locked behind clunky UX.
pectra changes that.
it makes those assets easier to move, use, and experience.
ethereum already secures $490 billion in assets.
but too often, that value sits locked behind clunky UX.
pectra changes that.
it makes those assets easier to move, use, and experience.
6/ eth staking: upgraded.
staking becomes more flexible and efficient:
- raise validator cap from 32 to 2048 ETH
- faster deposit recognition
- smart contract-enabled withdrawals
less overhead, more control for validators and stakers
staking becomes more flexible and efficient:
- raise validator cap from 32 to 2048 ETH
- faster deposit recognition
- smart contract-enabled withdrawals
less overhead, more control for validators and stakers
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
6/ eth staking: upgraded.
staking becomes more flexible and efficient:
- raise validator cap from 32 to 2048 ETH
- faster deposit recognition
- smart contract-enabled withdrawals
less overhead, more control for validators and stakers
staking becomes more flexible and efficient:
- raise validator cap from 32 to 2048 ETH
- faster deposit recognition
- smart contract-enabled withdrawals
less overhead, more control for validators and stakers
5/ cheaper txs
pectra upgrades ethereum’s ability to handle data.
more blobs. better scaling for L2s. lower costs especially during high traffic.
pectra doesn’t just make ethereum bigger.
it makes it smoother, smarter, and mainstream-ready.
pectra upgrades ethereum’s ability to handle data.
more blobs. better scaling for L2s. lower costs especially during high traffic.
pectra doesn’t just make ethereum bigger.
it makes it smoother, smarter, and mainstream-ready.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
5/ cheaper txs
pectra upgrades ethereum’s ability to handle data.
more blobs. better scaling for L2s. lower costs especially during high traffic.
pectra doesn’t just make ethereum bigger.
it makes it smoother, smarter, and mainstream-ready.
pectra upgrades ethereum’s ability to handle data.
more blobs. better scaling for L2s. lower costs especially during high traffic.
pectra doesn’t just make ethereum bigger.
it makes it smoother, smarter, and mainstream-ready.
4/ smarter wallets
wallets used to just hold keys.
now, they get a brain.
pectra lets normal wallets act like smart contracts.
you can batch transactions, skip approval popups, pay gas in any token.
less friction. more freedom. more possibilities.
wallets used to just hold keys.
now, they get a brain.
pectra lets normal wallets act like smart contracts.
you can batch transactions, skip approval popups, pay gas in any token.
less friction. more freedom. more possibilities.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
4/ smarter wallets
wallets used to just hold keys.
now, they get a brain.
pectra lets normal wallets act like smart contracts.
you can batch transactions, skip approval popups, pay gas in any token.
less friction. more freedom. more possibilities.
wallets used to just hold keys.
now, they get a brain.
pectra lets normal wallets act like smart contracts.
you can batch transactions, skip approval popups, pay gas in any token.
less friction. more freedom. more possibilities.
3/ fewer clicks, more doing
no more "approve + confirm" loops.
no more double signing for every action.
pectra reduces how many clicks it takes to do what you want.
no more "approve + confirm" loops.
no more double signing for every action.
pectra reduces how many clicks it takes to do what you want.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
3/ fewer clicks, more doing
no more "approve + confirm" loops.
no more double signing for every action.
pectra reduces how many clicks it takes to do what you want.
no more "approve + confirm" loops.
no more double signing for every action.
pectra reduces how many clicks it takes to do what you want.
2/ so what’s new in pectra?
a lot.
this is where ethereum starts feeling like a modern network:
- fewer clicks
- smarter wallets
- cheaper txs
- cleaner staking
let’s break it down ↓
a lot.
this is where ethereum starts feeling like a modern network:
- fewer clicks
- smarter wallets
- cheaper txs
- cleaner staking
let’s break it down ↓
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
2/ so what’s new in pectra?
a lot.
this is where ethereum starts feeling like a modern network:
- fewer clicks
- smarter wallets
- cheaper txs
- cleaner staking
let’s break it down ↓
a lot.
this is where ethereum starts feeling like a modern network:
- fewer clicks
- smarter wallets
- cheaper txs
- cleaner staking
let’s break it down ↓
1/ the merge was for the protocol.
pectra is for the people.
for years, upgrades made ethereum work better.
pectra makes ethereum feel better.
it is ethereum’s glow-up.
pectra is for the people.
for years, upgrades made ethereum work better.
pectra makes ethereum feel better.
it is ethereum’s glow-up.
May 6, 2025 at 4:51 PM
1/ the merge was for the protocol.
pectra is for the people.
for years, upgrades made ethereum work better.
pectra makes ethereum feel better.
it is ethereum’s glow-up.
pectra is for the people.
for years, upgrades made ethereum work better.
pectra makes ethereum feel better.
it is ethereum’s glow-up.
17/ Read the full thing here: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....
Public crypto networks as financial market infrastructures
The design of financial instruments and processes has always been contingent on the infrastructure such products live on. Blockchain technology, as utilized by
papers.ssrn.com
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
17/ Read the full thing here: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....
16/ I’m also confident DeFi will eventually become the backbone of the global financial system (at which point we’ll just call it finance) but only on a platform that prioritizes neutrality, liveness, and censorship resistance
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
16/ I’m also confident DeFi will eventually become the backbone of the global financial system (at which point we’ll just call it finance) but only on a platform that prioritizes neutrality, liveness, and censorship resistance
15/ I’m excited to see what happens in the years to come. My suspicion is that a new generation of financial engineers who are unburdened by what has been will create novel products
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
15/ I’m excited to see what happens in the years to come. My suspicion is that a new generation of financial engineers who are unburdened by what has been will create novel products
14/ The paper also discusses other chains. It considers, then argues against, permissioned networks. But it mostly focuses on Ethereum because that’s where most DeFi happens, and the chain offers more of the decentralized and security needed to make the above possible
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
14/ The paper also discusses other chains. It considers, then argues against, permissioned networks. But it mostly focuses on Ethereum because that’s where most DeFi happens, and the chain offers more of the decentralized and security needed to make the above possible
13/ A platform like Ethereum doesn’t just make finance faster, cheaper, and safer. It also makes it more innovative. There’s a long history of new infrastructure leading to financial innovation, like when the telegraph enabled wire transfers
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
13/ A platform like Ethereum doesn’t just make finance faster, cheaper, and safer. It also makes it more innovative. There’s a long history of new infrastructure leading to financial innovation, like when the telegraph enabled wire transfers
12/ Put together, all these features create exciting new possibilities for financial engineers, asset issuers, and users. We’ve already seen novel products that can only exist on a public blockchain, like flash loans, but we’ve likely barely scratched the surface
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
12/ Put together, all these features create exciting new possibilities for financial engineers, asset issuers, and users. We’ve already seen novel products that can only exist on a public blockchain, like flash loans, but we’ve likely barely scratched the surface
11/ Where intermediation is still preferred–like to pool capital for lending and trading–smart contracts play the role of banks and brokers. This means the best of both worlds
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
11/ Where intermediation is still preferred–like to pool capital for lending and trading–smart contracts play the role of banks and brokers. This means the best of both worlds
10/ Which brings us to disintermediation. We should note that intermediaries aren’t always bad. It’s only an overreliance on them that is problematic. Crypto networks offer both options, but the default is peer-to-peer finance
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
10/ Which brings us to disintermediation. We should note that intermediaries aren’t always bad. It’s only an overreliance on them that is problematic. Crypto networks offer both options, but the default is peer-to-peer finance
9/ Trustless programmability enables composability–something TradFi systems can’t ever offer since intermediaries can deny or revoke access. On Wall Street, walled gardens and fragmentation are a feature, not a bug. Ethereum fixes this
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
9/ Trustless programmability enables composability–something TradFi systems can’t ever offer since intermediaries can deny or revoke access. On Wall Street, walled gardens and fragmentation are a feature, not a bug. Ethereum fixes this
8/ Perhaps more importantly, smart contracts are resilient and trustless. Automation is not very useful if the underlying platform can censor, or go down. Here, Ethereum is exceptional, even by blockchain standards. Blockchains should never go down
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
8/ Perhaps more importantly, smart contracts are resilient and trustless. Automation is not very useful if the underlying platform can censor, or go down. Here, Ethereum is exceptional, even by blockchain standards. Blockchains should never go down
7/ Today, most financial products are already automated, but in narrow ways. Programmability via smart contracts takes things to another level, thanks to the expressivity of a Turing complete language
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
7/ Today, most financial products are already automated, but in narrow ways. Programmability via smart contracts takes things to another level, thanks to the expressivity of a Turing complete language
6/ Tokenization makes Ethereum omni-asset, with smart contracts enforcing atomic swaps. Moving vital activity–like FX trading or derivative settlement–onchain will thus make the global financial system cheaper, more innovative, and a lot safer
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
6/ Tokenization makes Ethereum omni-asset, with smart contracts enforcing atomic swaps. Moving vital activity–like FX trading or derivative settlement–onchain will thus make the global financial system cheaper, more innovative, and a lot safer
5/ Next, most TradFi settlement systems are single asset, meaning they manage ownership of just one thing. US dollars exist in one such infrastructure, Euros in another, stocks in a third, etc. Economic activity that involves multiple assets is full of friction and risk
May 2, 2025 at 1:20 PM
5/ Next, most TradFi settlement systems are single asset, meaning they manage ownership of just one thing. US dollars exist in one such infrastructure, Euros in another, stocks in a third, etc. Economic activity that involves multiple assets is full of friction and risk