Charlie Robertson
@frontiercharlie.bsky.social
1.9K followers 390 following 560 posts
Frontier / emerging market obsessive, author The Time Travelling Economist which explains what Marx missed and when countries escape poverty from 1670 to 2070
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frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Not often there's a media report on Burundi .. so appreciate this by the FT and Andres Schipani
serenaribena.bsky.social
'Burundi endures ‘worst economic crisis in a country not at war’...

“We ate some fish in 2019. That was a good day,” said 40yo Aleko in Buterere... in the landlocked African nation of Burundi. “Now, every once in a while, we eat peanuts. This is worse than before,”'

www.ft.com/content/4aca...
Burundi endures ‘worst economic crisis in a country not at war’
Central African nation struggles to emerge from poverty and conflict as president promises reform
www.ft.com
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
This is great piece, very clear and well structured

When the AI stock bubble crashes, it won’t necessitate QE type policies from the Fed as the bubble is built on equity on debt
ianrharnett.bsky.social
Many thanks to @tonytassell.bsky.social at the @financialtimes.com Times for asking me to share my thoughts on why I believe the AI capex boom signals the start of the end-game for this phase of the AI bubble.

www.ft.com/content/c7b9...
The AI capex endgame is approaching
The rapid building of excess capacity both extends bubbles and ultimately bursts them
www.ft.com
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
🙏 I’m sure P&G would have cited other issues.

And to be fair, in a country Pakistan’s size there will be areas with millions of people with the skills to do manufacturing.

My point is that disappointment and problems are more likely than easy successes that last decades (Vietnam, Korea, etc)
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Pakistan is not ready to industrialise, due to low female literacy.

P&G decision to stop manufacturing razors and other goods, is evidence of this.

See “The Time Travelling Economist”

Unfortunate for this government which has done an excellent job in bringing macro stability to Pakistan
thestandard.com.pk
P&G announces it is shutting down operations in Pakistan, with Gillette Pakistan Limited notifying PSX of intent to delist in light of parent company’s decision
P&G to Shut Down Operations in Pakistan
Gillette Pakistan Limited has notified PSX of intent to delist in light of parent company’s decision
thestandard.com.pk
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
AGOA expired last night, but most assume it will be renewed, and attached to some other legislation Congress passes

Doubt it'll show up in trade data if we get renewal in the next few weeks

Ex-AGOA, Kenya's total tariff increase half of China or India, but above Vietnam

unctad.org/news/tariffs...
Tariffs, trade and preferences: What if AGOA ends?
Market access to the United States could further deteriorate for many African countries if the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) is not renewed before its expiration on 30 September 2025.
unctad.org
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
US government looming shutdown

All important upcoming Argentina elections

Zimbabwe introduces a new currency to control inflation

Any other headlines you've read more times than you can count over your career?
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Sounds like most of them haven't been to Saudi Arabia, and that includes the ones refusing to go
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Some basically good inflation data out of Uganda, rising from 3.8% to 4.0% driven by tomatoes and pineapples from what I can see.

Good news for bullish Uganda bond investors .. and there's a lot of you about

www.ubos.org/wp-content/u...
www.ubos.org
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Good news on AGOA, especially for SA, Kenya, Madagascar and DR Congo among the non-oil beneficiaries

Uncertain which piece of legislation it can be attached to .. or whether we face a temporary interruption until the US government shutdown is over (a month with Trump last time)

t.co/XrO0ljvBN0
https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/trump-administration-says-it-supports-1-year-renewal-africa-trade-initiative-2025-09-29/
t.co
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
A little economic history on how the US dollar rose, and then fell, before becoming the world’s dominant currency, by Barry Eichengreen

Today China remains far from from rivalling the US based on these factors

www.wsj.com/finance/curr...
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Morocco gets back the investment grade it lost in 2021. The other two agencies are still 1 notch lower, with stable outlooks on their Ba1 and BB+ sub-investment grade ratings

S&P thinks budget deficit will be 3% of GDP in 2026 and the C/A deficit will remain small

www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/r...
www.spglobal.com
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
WSJ online led with Cook court cases twice in recent weeks (FT didn’t). Today WSJ leading with credit market .. FT UK with a story about Jaguar Land Rover
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
It’s a shame to see the FT ignore the first half of its name. First 9 pages of UK edition has no reference to an exchange rate or interest rate, or an equity or bond price.
The Argentine peso gets a mention on page 10.
Silver lining, FT only needs skim reading
WSJ now becoming required reading
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Good timing
emcreditfund.bsky.social
This one is over. Time to flip it.

Argent > Ecua.
emcreditfund.bsky.social
Never. In. Doubt. 😂
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Interesting. Kindle version too?
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Trump now highlighting the gasoline queues in his latest post on Ukraine bsky.app/profile/wart...
wartranslated.bsky.social
"With EU support, Ukraine is capable of fighting and winning, restoring the entire country to its original state." — Trump.
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
I’ve seen similar queues for fuel in Nigeria and Zimbabwe.

Not a comparison that Putin would appreciate

bsky.app/profile/mili...
militarynewsua.bsky.social
❗️Fuel shortages continue at gas stations in 🇷🇺Russia. Long queues
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
The Trump administration doesn’t want Russian crude exports disrupted because he wants lower pump prices.

But apparently the US does not mind this pressure on Russia.

Testing NATO in Poland and Estonia may be Russia’s response
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
The 2021 paper on inelastic markets cited in the FT piece; the conclusion page has a quote or two to throw into market conversations

www.nber.org/system/files...
Reposted by Charlie Robertson
michaelpettis.bsky.social
"Jean-Philippe Bouchaud is both baffled and frustrated by how economics has fallen in thrall to theorists — mathematical, social or political — and become bereft of the rigour of proper sciences, where real-world experiments and experiences actually matter."
Aren't we all?
www.ft.com/content/6f54...
Investor Jean-Philippe Bouchaud: ‘The whole bull run is because of an influx of money’
The physicist and hedge fund manager on why the efficient markets theory is ‘all wrong’, economists with ‘mathematics envy’ — and what Camus can teach us about compromise
www.ft.com
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
The judiciary is looking politicised in the US, with the appeals court backing Fed’s Cook vs Trump, but in a 2-1 decision

The 2 appointed by Biden backed Cook. Trump’s appointee backed the White House

It’s not the institutions, it’s the people

www.wsj.com/economy/cent...
Appeals Court Rejects Trump Request to Remove Fed Governor Lisa Cook
The decision comes just hours before the central bank’s next meeting begins.
www.wsj.com
frontiercharlie.bsky.social
Botswana credit rating downgraded from BBB+ to BBB, still one notch above the lowest investment grade rating of BBB-.

Botswana started with a A rating in 2001 from S&P, cut to A- after the global financial crisis and to BBB+ during COVID

The external shock hitting Botswana now is very specific