MOIRAI, named after the three Greek goddesses of fate, stands as a pioneering project at the intersection of past, present, and future. MOIRAI weaves a comprehensive understanding of the ocean’s dynamics and biogeochemical cycles through advanced models, integrating historical data, current observations, and future projections. Integrated into the frameworks of Destination Earth (DE) and the European Digital Twin of the Ocean (DTO), MOIRAI will significantly advance our comprehension and mitigation of climate-related challenges.

Context Large predatory sharks such as the white shark (WS) and shortfin mako (SMK) have been historically depleted to Critically Endangered levels in the Mediterranean Sea. Despite their low abundanc...

Fisheries have transformed significantly in recent decades, and further changes are anticipated to address pressing environmental and social challenge…