Lluís Ariño
@larinyo.bsky.social
The learning belongs to the learner
IMPLEMENTATION ARTIFACTS AVAILABLE:
Complete technical specs, empirical datasets, statistical analyses, governance frameworks:
🔗 www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
Key docs: D5.1.3, D5.2 DSTRL, D5.1 Business Blueprint
DC4EU: EU Digital Europe Programme (2023-2025, Grant 101102611)
#OpenAccess #ResearchData
Complete technical specs, empirical datasets, statistical analyses, governance frameworks:
🔗 www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
Key docs: D5.1.3, D5.2 DSTRL, D5.1 Business Blueprint
DC4EU: EU Digital Europe Programme (2023-2025, Grant 101102611)
#OpenAccess #ResearchData
Reports - DC4EU
Visit our DC4EU project deliverable page and download our public research reports on our strategic areas once submitted.
www.dc4eu.eu
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
IMPLEMENTATION ARTIFACTS AVAILABLE:
Complete technical specs, empirical datasets, statistical analyses, governance frameworks:
🔗 www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
Key docs: D5.1.3, D5.2 DSTRL, D5.1 Business Blueprint
DC4EU: EU Digital Europe Programme (2023-2025, Grant 101102611)
#OpenAccess #ResearchData
Complete technical specs, empirical datasets, statistical analyses, governance frameworks:
🔗 www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
Key docs: D5.1.3, D5.2 DSTRL, D5.1 Business Blueprint
DC4EU: EU Digital Europe Programme (2023-2025, Grant 101102611)
#OpenAccess #ResearchData
IMPLICATIONS FOR SSI RESEARCH:
Empirical evidence for:
- Distributed governance feasibility in institutional contexts
- Hybrid trust architectures (traditional + decentralised)
- Privacy-preserving credentials
- Institutional sovereignty compatible with wallet credentials
#SSI #SelfSovereignIdentity
Empirical evidence for:
- Distributed governance feasibility in institutional contexts
- Hybrid trust architectures (traditional + decentralised)
- Privacy-preserving credentials
- Institutional sovereignty compatible with wallet credentials
#SSI #SelfSovereignIdentity
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
IMPLICATIONS FOR SSI RESEARCH:
Empirical evidence for:
- Distributed governance feasibility in institutional contexts
- Hybrid trust architectures (traditional + decentralised)
- Privacy-preserving credentials
- Institutional sovereignty compatible with wallet credentials
#SSI #SelfSovereignIdentity
Empirical evidence for:
- Distributed governance feasibility in institutional contexts
- Hybrid trust architectures (traditional + decentralised)
- Privacy-preserving credentials
- Institutional sovereignty compatible with wallet credentials
#SSI #SelfSovereignIdentity
PRIVACY ANALYSIS:
Architectural privacy preservation validated:
- StatusList2021: No credential-specific issuer queries
- Selective disclosure: Attribute-level control
- Holder anonymity: Verification without issuer notification
- GDPR: Technical enforcement vs procedural
#Privacy #GDPR
Architectural privacy preservation validated:
- StatusList2021: No credential-specific issuer queries
- Selective disclosure: Attribute-level control
- Holder anonymity: Verification without issuer notification
- GDPR: Technical enforcement vs procedural
#Privacy #GDPR
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
STANDARDS COMPLIANCE CONFIRMED:
✅ W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model 1.1
✅ OpenID4VCI (issuance protocol)
✅ OpenID4VP (presentation + selective disclosure)
✅ StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
✅ European Learning Model
✅ eIDAS 2.0 ARF alignment
#W3C #OpenID #eIDAS2
✅ W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model 1.1
✅ OpenID4VCI (issuance protocol)
✅ OpenID4VP (presentation + selective disclosure)
✅ StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
✅ European Learning Model
✅ eIDAS 2.0 ARF alignment
#W3C #OpenID #eIDAS2
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
COEXISTENCE STRATEGY: URV Case Study
Preserved:
- Apereo CAS (unchanged)
- LDAP directories (maintained)
- eduGAIN/SAML (continued)
Added:
- Wallet credential issuance
Implication: 5-10 year gradual migration feasible.
#SystemIntegration #eduGAIN
Preserved:
- Apereo CAS (unchanged)
- LDAP directories (maintained)
- eduGAIN/SAML (continued)
Added:
- Wallet credential issuance
Implication: 5-10 year gradual migration feasible.
#SystemIntegration #eduGAIN
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
COEXISTENCE STRATEGY: URV Case Study
Preserved:
- Apereo CAS (unchanged)
- LDAP directories (maintained)
- eduGAIN/SAML (continued)
Added:
- Wallet credential issuance
Implication: 5-10 year gradual migration feasible.
#SystemIntegration #eduGAIN
Preserved:
- Apereo CAS (unchanged)
- LDAP directories (maintained)
- eduGAIN/SAML (continued)
Added:
- Wallet credential issuance
Implication: 5-10 year gradual migration feasible.
#SystemIntegration #eduGAIN
GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK VALIDATED:
Each institution issues credentials autonomously for own community:
1. Authority from EC DG-EAC (stored EBSI VDRs)
2. No alliance legal entity required
3. Scalable multi-alliance participation
47 participants in multiple alliances: Zero conflicts.
#GovernanceModels
Each institution issues credentials autonomously for own community:
1. Authority from EC DG-EAC (stored EBSI VDRs)
2. No alliance legal entity required
3. Scalable multi-alliance participation
47 participants in multiple alliances: Zero conflicts.
#GovernanceModels
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK VALIDATED:
Each institution issues credentials autonomously for own community:
1. Authority from EC DG-EAC (stored EBSI VDRs)
2. No alliance legal entity required
3. Scalable multi-alliance participation
47 participants in multiple alliances: Zero conflicts.
#GovernanceModels
Each institution issues credentials autonomously for own community:
1. Authority from EC DG-EAC (stored EBSI VDRs)
2. No alliance legal entity required
3. Scalable multi-alliance participation
47 participants in multiple alliances: Zero conflicts.
#GovernanceModels
ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION: Hybrid Trust Model
Classical PKI + Blockchain VDRs addresses limitations of pure approaches:
- X.509 certificates (legal entity ID)
- EBSI Verifiable Data Registries (governance)
- StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
#TrustArchitecture #EBSI
Classical PKI + Blockchain VDRs addresses limitations of pure approaches:
- X.509 certificates (legal entity ID)
- EBSI Verifiable Data Registries (governance)
- StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
#TrustArchitecture #EBSI
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATION: Hybrid Trust Model
Classical PKI + Blockchain VDRs addresses limitations of pure approaches:
- X.509 certificates (legal entity ID)
- EBSI Verifiable Data Registries (governance)
- StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
#TrustArchitecture #EBSI
Classical PKI + Blockchain VDRs addresses limitations of pure approaches:
- X.509 certificates (legal entity ID)
- EBSI Verifiable Data Registries (governance)
- StatusList2021 (privacy-preserving revocation)
#TrustArchitecture #EBSI
KEY FINDING 5: Post-Pilot Sustainability
- Institutional continuation: 75% (n=36)
- Value drivers: Strategic positioning, operational efficiency, student satisfaction
- Barriers: Resource constraints (25%), not technical or sovereignty concerns
Demonstrates production viability beyond pilot.
- Institutional continuation: 75% (n=36)
- Value drivers: Strategic positioning, operational efficiency, student satisfaction
- Barriers: Resource constraints (25%), not technical or sovereignty concerns
Demonstrates production viability beyond pilot.
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
KEY FINDING 5: Post-Pilot Sustainability
- Institutional continuation: 75% (n=36)
- Value drivers: Strategic positioning, operational efficiency, student satisfaction
- Barriers: Resource constraints (25%), not technical or sovereignty concerns
Demonstrates production viability beyond pilot.
- Institutional continuation: 75% (n=36)
- Value drivers: Strategic positioning, operational efficiency, student satisfaction
- Barriers: Resource constraints (25%), not technical or sovereignty concerns
Demonstrates production viability beyond pilot.
KEY FINDING 4: Operational Benefits
- Administrative time: -80% (measured across institutions)
- Verification process: 45 min → <5 min
- Cross-institutional access: Weeks → minutes
- GDPR complexity: User-controlled transport eliminates bilateral agreements
#OperationalEfficiency
- Administrative time: -80% (measured across institutions)
- Verification process: 45 min → <5 min
- Cross-institutional access: Weeks → minutes
- GDPR complexity: User-controlled transport eliminates bilateral agreements
#OperationalEfficiency
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
KEY FINDING 4: Operational Benefits
- Administrative time: -80% (measured across institutions)
- Verification process: 45 min → <5 min
- Cross-institutional access: Weeks → minutes
- GDPR complexity: User-controlled transport eliminates bilateral agreements
#OperationalEfficiency
- Administrative time: -80% (measured across institutions)
- Verification process: 45 min → <5 min
- Cross-institutional access: Weeks → minutes
- GDPR complexity: User-controlled transport eliminates bilateral agreements
#OperationalEfficiency
KEY FINDING 3: User Acceptance (n=273)
- Overall satisfaction: 7.1/10
- Problem-free experience: 58%
- Installation success: 89% first-attempt
- Interface usability: 82% "usable" or better
- Privacy comprehension: 66%
Production readiness threshold achieved.
#UserExperience
- Overall satisfaction: 7.1/10
- Problem-free experience: 58%
- Installation success: 89% first-attempt
- Interface usability: 82% "usable" or better
- Privacy comprehension: 66%
Production readiness threshold achieved.
#UserExperience
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
KEY FINDING 3: User Acceptance (n=273)
- Overall satisfaction: 7.1/10
- Problem-free experience: 58%
- Installation success: 89% first-attempt
- Interface usability: 82% "usable" or better
- Privacy comprehension: 66%
Production readiness threshold achieved.
#UserExperience
- Overall satisfaction: 7.1/10
- Problem-free experience: 58%
- Installation success: 89% first-attempt
- Interface usability: 82% "usable" or better
- Privacy comprehension: 66%
Production readiness threshold achieved.
#UserExperience
KEY FINDING 2: Technical Performance
- Credential issuance: Mean 1.8s (95th: 3.2s)
- Verification latency: Mean 2.3s (95th: 4.7s)
- Cross-border success: 100%
- EUDI Wallet compatible ✅
- Cross-platform interoperable ✅
Production-grade performance confirmed.
#TechnicalValidation
- Credential issuance: Mean 1.8s (95th: 3.2s)
- Verification latency: Mean 2.3s (95th: 4.7s)
- Cross-border success: 100%
- EUDI Wallet compatible ✅
- Cross-platform interoperable ✅
Production-grade performance confirmed.
#TechnicalValidation
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
KEY FINDING 2: Technical Performance
- Credential issuance: Mean 1.8s (95th: 3.2s)
- Verification latency: Mean 2.3s (95th: 4.7s)
- Cross-border success: 100%
- EUDI Wallet compatible ✅
- Cross-platform interoperable ✅
Production-grade performance confirmed.
#TechnicalValidation
- Credential issuance: Mean 1.8s (95th: 3.2s)
- Verification latency: Mean 2.3s (95th: 4.7s)
- Cross-border success: 100%
- EUDI Wallet compatible ✅
- Cross-platform interoperable ✅
Production-grade performance confirmed.
#TechnicalValidation
KEY FINDING 1: Distributed Governance Viability
Preference ratio: 8:1 for distributed vs centralised models (n=67 institutional agents)
Rationale: Sovereignty preservation, infrastructure reuse, operational independence
No legal entity required (validated 10 countries)
#DistributedGovernance
Preference ratio: 8:1 for distributed vs centralised models (n=67 institutional agents)
Rationale: Sovereignty preservation, infrastructure reuse, operational independence
No legal entity required (validated 10 countries)
#DistributedGovernance
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
KEY FINDING 1: Distributed Governance Viability
Preference ratio: 8:1 for distributed vs centralised models (n=67 institutional agents)
Rationale: Sovereignty preservation, infrastructure reuse, operational independence
No legal entity required (validated 10 countries)
#DistributedGovernance
Preference ratio: 8:1 for distributed vs centralised models (n=67 institutional agents)
Rationale: Sovereignty preservation, infrastructure reuse, operational independence
No legal entity required (validated 10 countries)
#DistributedGovernance
METHODOLOGICAL RIGOUR:
- Multi-institutional validation (n=36, diverse profiles)
- Cross-border testing (16 Member States, 89% EU population)
- Quantitative assessment (273 end-users, 67 institutional agents)
- Qualitative analysis (case studies)
- 12-month longitudinal observation
#ResearchMethods
- Multi-institutional validation (n=36, diverse profiles)
- Cross-border testing (16 Member States, 89% EU population)
- Quantitative assessment (273 end-users, 67 institutional agents)
- Qualitative analysis (case studies)
- 12-month longitudinal observation
#ResearchMethods
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
METHODOLOGICAL RIGOUR:
- Multi-institutional validation (n=36, diverse profiles)
- Cross-border testing (16 Member States, 89% EU population)
- Quantitative assessment (273 end-users, 67 institutional agents)
- Qualitative analysis (case studies)
- 12-month longitudinal observation
#ResearchMethods
- Multi-institutional validation (n=36, diverse profiles)
- Cross-border testing (16 Member States, 89% EU population)
- Quantitative assessment (273 end-users, 67 institutional agents)
- Qualitative analysis (case studies)
- 12-month longitudinal observation
#ResearchMethods
RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION:
Unlike theoretical proposals, DC4EU validated AllianceID through real-world institutional deployment with quantifiable outcomes.
One of the largest empirical validations of W3C Verifiable Credentials in production educational contexts.
#VerifiableCredentials #EmpiricalResearch
Unlike theoretical proposals, DC4EU validated AllianceID through real-world institutional deployment with quantifiable outcomes.
One of the largest empirical validations of W3C Verifiable Credentials in production educational contexts.
#VerifiableCredentials #EmpiricalResearch
November 19, 2025 at 7:17 AM
RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION:
Unlike theoretical proposals, DC4EU validated AllianceID through real-world institutional deployment with quantifiable outcomes.
One of the largest empirical validations of W3C Verifiable Credentials in production educational contexts.
#VerifiableCredentials #EmpiricalResearch
Unlike theoretical proposals, DC4EU validated AllianceID through real-world institutional deployment with quantifiable outcomes.
One of the largest empirical validations of W3C Verifiable Credentials in production educational contexts.
#VerifiableCredentials #EmpiricalResearch
This is about building Europe's digital credentials infrastructure.
📥 Download all deliverables: www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
📧 Questions? Get in touch
The results are ready. The path to implementation is clear. Let's build the future of European credentials together 🇪🇺
#DC4EU #DigitalCredentials #eIDAS2
📥 Download all deliverables: www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
📧 Questions? Get in touch
The results are ready. The path to implementation is clear. Let's build the future of European credentials together 🇪🇺
#DC4EU #DigitalCredentials #eIDAS2
Reports - DC4EU
Visit our DC4EU project deliverable page and download our public research reports on our strategic areas once submitted.
www.dc4eu.eu
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
This is about building Europe's digital credentials infrastructure.
📥 Download all deliverables: www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
📧 Questions? Get in touch
The results are ready. The path to implementation is clear. Let's build the future of European credentials together 🇪🇺
#DC4EU #DigitalCredentials #eIDAS2
📥 Download all deliverables: www.dc4eu.eu/reports/
📧 Questions? Get in touch
The results are ready. The path to implementation is clear. Let's build the future of European credentials together 🇪🇺
#DC4EU #DigitalCredentials #eIDAS2
📚 ALL DELIVERABLES PUBLIC:
✔️ D5.1 Business Blueprint
✔️ D5.2 Deployment & Testing Scenarios Results Library
✔️ D5.3 Initiatives Mapping & Alignment Checklist
✔️ EducationalID Implementation Report
✔️ AllianceID Implementation Report
✔️ Sectoral EAA Catalogue
13 more comprehensive documents
✔️ D5.1 Business Blueprint
✔️ D5.2 Deployment & Testing Scenarios Results Library
✔️ D5.3 Initiatives Mapping & Alignment Checklist
✔️ EducationalID Implementation Report
✔️ AllianceID Implementation Report
✔️ Sectoral EAA Catalogue
13 more comprehensive documents
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
📚 ALL DELIVERABLES PUBLIC:
✔️ D5.1 Business Blueprint
✔️ D5.2 Deployment & Testing Scenarios Results Library
✔️ D5.3 Initiatives Mapping & Alignment Checklist
✔️ EducationalID Implementation Report
✔️ AllianceID Implementation Report
✔️ Sectoral EAA Catalogue
13 more comprehensive documents
✔️ D5.1 Business Blueprint
✔️ D5.2 Deployment & Testing Scenarios Results Library
✔️ D5.3 Initiatives Mapping & Alignment Checklist
✔️ EducationalID Implementation Report
✔️ AllianceID Implementation Report
✔️ Sectoral EAA Catalogue
13 more comprehensive documents
🎯 VALIDATED USE CASES:
📚 EducationalID - Academic identity credentials
🤝 AllianceID - European University alliance credentials
⚕️ Professional qualifications (healthcare via CGCOM)
🎓 Micro-credentials management
✈️ Cross-border student mobility
From concept to proven implementation ✅
📚 EducationalID - Academic identity credentials
🤝 AllianceID - European University alliance credentials
⚕️ Professional qualifications (healthcare via CGCOM)
🎓 Micro-credentials management
✈️ Cross-border student mobility
From concept to proven implementation ✅
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
🎯 VALIDATED USE CASES:
📚 EducationalID - Academic identity credentials
🤝 AllianceID - European University alliance credentials
⚕️ Professional qualifications (healthcare via CGCOM)
🎓 Micro-credentials management
✈️ Cross-border student mobility
From concept to proven implementation ✅
📚 EducationalID - Academic identity credentials
🤝 AllianceID - European University alliance credentials
⚕️ Professional qualifications (healthcare via CGCOM)
🎓 Micro-credentials management
✈️ Cross-border student mobility
From concept to proven implementation ✅
👥 USER VALIDATION:
📈 7.1/10 average user satisfaction
✅ 58% problem-free experience
🎯 75% institutions committed to continuing
💪 89% successful installation
📱 82% find interface usable or better
Production-ready performance across pilot sites 🚀
📈 7.1/10 average user satisfaction
✅ 58% problem-free experience
🎯 75% institutions committed to continuing
💪 89% successful installation
📱 82% find interface usable or better
Production-ready performance across pilot sites 🚀
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
👥 USER VALIDATION:
📈 7.1/10 average user satisfaction
✅ 58% problem-free experience
🎯 75% institutions committed to continuing
💪 89% successful installation
📱 82% find interface usable or better
Production-ready performance across pilot sites 🚀
📈 7.1/10 average user satisfaction
✅ 58% problem-free experience
🎯 75% institutions committed to continuing
💪 89% successful installation
📱 82% find interface usable or better
Production-ready performance across pilot sites 🚀
🏛️ Institutions have clear choices:
✔️ Self-hosted deployment (full control)
✔️ Managed service (GovPart model)
✔️ National coordination (Poland's OPI/NASK)
Validated with diverse institutional profiles from research universities to specialised professional bodies 🎓
✔️ Self-hosted deployment (full control)
✔️ Managed service (GovPart model)
✔️ National coordination (Poland's OPI/NASK)
Validated with diverse institutional profiles from research universities to specialised professional bodies 🎓
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
🏛️ Institutions have clear choices:
✔️ Self-hosted deployment (full control)
✔️ Managed service (GovPart model)
✔️ National coordination (Poland's OPI/NASK)
Validated with diverse institutional profiles from research universities to specialised professional bodies 🎓
✔️ Self-hosted deployment (full control)
✔️ Managed service (GovPart model)
✔️ National coordination (Poland's OPI/NASK)
Validated with diverse institutional profiles from research universities to specialised professional bodies 🎓
We validated 3️⃣ distinct trust models:
1⃣ Classical PKI (5 countries) - Proven baseline approach
2⃣ EBSI Hybrid (10 countries) - Most comprehensive, combines PKI + decentralised
3⃣ Parallel Deployment (2 countries) - Technology-agnostic flexibility
Result: All three achieve European interoperability 🎯
1⃣ Classical PKI (5 countries) - Proven baseline approach
2⃣ EBSI Hybrid (10 countries) - Most comprehensive, combines PKI + decentralised
3⃣ Parallel Deployment (2 countries) - Technology-agnostic flexibility
Result: All three achieve European interoperability 🎯
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
We validated 3️⃣ distinct trust models:
1⃣ Classical PKI (5 countries) - Proven baseline approach
2⃣ EBSI Hybrid (10 countries) - Most comprehensive, combines PKI + decentralised
3⃣ Parallel Deployment (2 countries) - Technology-agnostic flexibility
Result: All three achieve European interoperability 🎯
1⃣ Classical PKI (5 countries) - Proven baseline approach
2⃣ EBSI Hybrid (10 countries) - Most comprehensive, combines PKI + decentralised
3⃣ Parallel Deployment (2 countries) - Technology-agnostic flexibility
Result: All three achieve European interoperability 🎯
✅ TECHNICAL VALIDATION COMPLETE:
🔐 W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model implemented
🌍 European Learning Model (ELM) integration successful
⚡ Cross-border verification: <5 minutes (vs. previous days/weeks)
🔒 GDPR-compliant selective disclosure
🔗 eIDAS2 & EUDI Wallet alignment demonstrated
🔐 W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model implemented
🌍 European Learning Model (ELM) integration successful
⚡ Cross-border verification: <5 minutes (vs. previous days/weeks)
🔒 GDPR-compliant selective disclosure
🔗 eIDAS2 & EUDI Wallet alignment demonstrated
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
✅ TECHNICAL VALIDATION COMPLETE:
🔐 W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model implemented
🌍 European Learning Model (ELM) integration successful
⚡ Cross-border verification: <5 minutes (vs. previous days/weeks)
🔒 GDPR-compliant selective disclosure
🔗 eIDAS2 & EUDI Wallet alignment demonstrated
🔐 W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model implemented
🌍 European Learning Model (ELM) integration successful
⚡ Cross-border verification: <5 minutes (vs. previous days/weeks)
🔒 GDPR-compliant selective disclosure
🔗 eIDAS2 & EUDI Wallet alignment demonstrated
📊 By the numbers:
36 institutions tested
16 EU Member States
89% of EU population covered
~930 users onboarded
~2,790 credentials issued
273 end-user survey responses
67 institutional pilot agent responses
Real validation, not laboratory prototypes ✅
36 institutions tested
16 EU Member States
89% of EU population covered
~930 users onboarded
~2,790 credentials issued
273 end-user survey responses
67 institutional pilot agent responses
Real validation, not laboratory prototypes ✅
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
📊 By the numbers:
36 institutions tested
16 EU Member States
89% of EU population covered
~930 users onboarded
~2,790 credentials issued
273 end-user survey responses
67 institutional pilot agent responses
Real validation, not laboratory prototypes ✅
36 institutions tested
16 EU Member States
89% of EU population covered
~930 users onboarded
~2,790 credentials issued
273 end-user survey responses
67 institutional pilot agent responses
Real validation, not laboratory prototypes ✅
The challenge: How do you enable seamless cross-border recognition of educational qualifications & professional credentials whilst maintaining trust, privacy, and institutional autonomy?
DC4EU tested three different approaches across diverse European contexts 🎓
DC4EU tested three different approaches across diverse European contexts 🎓
November 13, 2025 at 11:00 AM
The challenge: How do you enable seamless cross-border recognition of educational qualifications & professional credentials whilst maintaining trust, privacy, and institutional autonomy?
DC4EU tested three different approaches across diverse European contexts 🎓
DC4EU tested three different approaches across diverse European contexts 🎓