I wish I played beatstream while it was still mostly around. The cabinet looks great!

I remember playing this during the Bullet Hell Jam. You did an incredible job with it!

I'm using Godot!

Alternatively there are libraries like Love2D and raylib that provide functions for maths, rendering, physics etc and gets out of your way, letting you write the code for your game with whatever language they support (raylib uses C)!

Depends but most of the popular engines like Unity and Godot have their own editors which you'll spend a good chunk of time in arranging and connecting game objects and assets in a scene tree. They normally use high-level languages like C# for writing scripts.