Maria L. Andersen
@mlandersen.bsky.social
1.7K followers 320 following 15 posts
PhD fellow at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Researching parenthood and inequalities in mental health using population-based registries. Also fan of long-distance trail running🌲|| Interests: public/labour/gender econ & social policy
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mlandersen.bsky.social
New preprint 📈📉

🧠👶🏻 We explored the link between parenthood and mental health in over 2M Norwegians using primary health care records. We found that parents generally experienced fewer mental disorders, even after accounting for factors like education and marital status.

🔗 doi.org/10.1101/2024...
Parenthood, Mental Disorders, and Symptoms Through Adulthood: A Total Population Study

ML Andersen*, HF Sunde, RK Hart, FA Torvik

*Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): MariaLyster.Andersen@fhi.no;

Abstract
During recent decades, parenthood has declined in many Western countries. Simultaneously, mental disorders have become more prevalent. We investigated the link between parenthood and mental health in the entire Norwegian-born population aged 31 to 80 from 2006 to 2019 (n=2,234,087). We used logistic regression models on national register data and included sibling- and twin-matched analyses to address unobserved confounders. Parenthood was associated with a lower risk of mental disorders, including depressive and anxiety disorders. For symptoms related to mental disorders, fathers had a reduced risk, while mothers had a slightly elevated risk. Mental health disparities between parents and non-parents were greater among men than among women and persisted across adulthood, before reducing at older ages. Our main findings were largely consistent in sibling- and twin-matched designs. The disparity between parents and non-parents increased over the study period, suggesting stronger selection into parenthood. Our findings highlight parenthood as a significant indicator of mental health inequalities, with its importance growing over time.

Keywords: Mental health, parenthood, childlessness, social inequality, fertility

JEL Classification: I14, J13, J16 Two figures. Top figure (a) shows the prevalence of mental disorders and symptoms by parent-status, age, and gender. X-axis is age, and y-axis is prevalence in percent. The prevalence curves for mental disorders are higher for the childless than for parents. For symptoms, the prevalence curve is higher for childless men than fathers. For women, the two lines are much closer. The curve for childless women is higher until approximately age 40, then the two curves are similar until age 70. After 70, the prevalence curve for mothers is above the curve for childless women.

Bottom figure (b) shows estimated odds ratios for a variety of logistic and conditional logistic regression models. For mental disorders, all estimated odds ratios are below 1, meaning that parents have a lower likelihood of having a mental disorder. For symptoms, the estimated odds ratios vary, sometimes above 1 (for women) and sometimes below 1 (for men). The magnitude of the estimates differ between the models of symptoms and disorders. For disorders, estimated odds ratios are in the range 0.44-0.71, while for symptoms the range is 0.80-1.19.
mlandersen.bsky.social
Interested in the link between social media and mental health? Come work at NIPH (Oslo, Norway) as a PhD student! It’s a paid PhD position, you’ll have access to really good data, and a very nice work environment.
#SocSky #EpiSky #PublicHealth 🧪
mlandersen.bsky.social
🧪 How are risk factors like parental mental illness and low education distributed across families? This cool new paper explores how couples resemble each other — both before and (even more so) after meeting. A highly recommended read for those interested in intergenerational mobility + genetics.
mlandersen.bsky.social
a sense of purpose, and may increase one's social network (e.g. meeting other parents, teachers etc). These factors could be protective in terms of mental health. I want to emphasise though that we cannot conclude about mechanisms based on our data. (2/2)
mlandersen.bsky.social
Personally, I think both selection into parenthood and "lifestyle effects" of parenthood are possible explanations. It's not random who becomes a parent, parents typically are healthier. At the same time, parenthood also often results in a need for structure and routines in daily life, gives (1/2)
mlandersen.bsky.social
Good question! Unfortunately, from the data we cannot know why people do/don’t see their GP. However, it seems unlikely that children keep parents too busy to visit their doctor at all ages (incl 50+). Parents also had a higher risk of certain symptoms, suggesting they don’t avoid seeing their GP.
mlandersen.bsky.social
Absolutely! Unfortunately we don’t have health care records that stretch long enough to look at mental illness in early life. But we could (and did) control for marital status. Regardless of controls though, we cannot conclude about causality. So we see selection into parenthood as a key factor.
mlandersen.bsky.social
🙋🏻‍♀️ I’m an interdisciplinary social scientist with an econ/psychology background. www.fhi.no/en/ab/depart...
mlandersen.bsky.social
Also happy to be included! I work on socio-economic inequalities in health in Norway.
mlandersen.bsky.social
🙋🏻‍♀️ (if there’s still room!) I do research on the drivers of mental health inequalities using population registry data📉
mlandersen.bsky.social
Overall, parenthood appears to be an important indicator of mental health inequalities in the Norwegian population. Its growing importance may suggest stronger selection into parenthood across time and cohorts.

#MedSky #PublicHealth #MentalHealth
mlandersen.bsky.social
Key insights (2/2):

• From 2006 to 2019, the mental health gap between parents and the childless has widened significantly
• Not all diagnoses and symptoms were negatively associated with parenthood; parents had higher odds of certain adverse mental health outcomes
mlandersen.bsky.social
Key insights (1/2):

• Sibling- and twin-matched analyses were largely consistent with population-based results
• The difference in mental health was especially large for men and among those with only compulsory education
mlandersen.bsky.social
New preprint 📈📉

🧠👶🏻 We explored the link between parenthood and mental health in over 2M Norwegians using primary health care records. We found that parents generally experienced fewer mental disorders, even after accounting for factors like education and marital status.

🔗 doi.org/10.1101/2024...
Parenthood, Mental Disorders, and Symptoms Through Adulthood: A Total Population Study

ML Andersen*, HF Sunde, RK Hart, FA Torvik

*Corresponding author(s). E-mail(s): MariaLyster.Andersen@fhi.no;

Abstract
During recent decades, parenthood has declined in many Western countries. Simultaneously, mental disorders have become more prevalent. We investigated the link between parenthood and mental health in the entire Norwegian-born population aged 31 to 80 from 2006 to 2019 (n=2,234,087). We used logistic regression models on national register data and included sibling- and twin-matched analyses to address unobserved confounders. Parenthood was associated with a lower risk of mental disorders, including depressive and anxiety disorders. For symptoms related to mental disorders, fathers had a reduced risk, while mothers had a slightly elevated risk. Mental health disparities between parents and non-parents were greater among men than among women and persisted across adulthood, before reducing at older ages. Our main findings were largely consistent in sibling- and twin-matched designs. The disparity between parents and non-parents increased over the study period, suggesting stronger selection into parenthood. Our findings highlight parenthood as a significant indicator of mental health inequalities, with its importance growing over time.

Keywords: Mental health, parenthood, childlessness, social inequality, fertility

JEL Classification: I14, J13, J16 Two figures. Top figure (a) shows the prevalence of mental disorders and symptoms by parent-status, age, and gender. X-axis is age, and y-axis is prevalence in percent. The prevalence curves for mental disorders are higher for the childless than for parents. For symptoms, the prevalence curve is higher for childless men than fathers. For women, the two lines are much closer. The curve for childless women is higher until approximately age 40, then the two curves are similar until age 70. After 70, the prevalence curve for mothers is above the curve for childless women.

Bottom figure (b) shows estimated odds ratios for a variety of logistic and conditional logistic regression models. For mental disorders, all estimated odds ratios are below 1, meaning that parents have a lower likelihood of having a mental disorder. For symptoms, the estimated odds ratios vary, sometimes above 1 (for women) and sometimes below 1 (for men). The magnitude of the estimates differ between the models of symptoms and disorders. For disorders, estimated odds ratios are in the range 0.44-0.71, while for symptoms the range is 0.80-1.19.
Reposted by Maria L. Andersen
hfsunde.bsky.social
Hello all Oslo-people:

Next Wednesday (20th of Nov), my colleagues and I will be at Kulturhuset and present research findings about social differences and mental health. The event is open to all (but will be in Norwegian): www.fhi.no/om/kurs-og-k...
Sosial ulikhet, psykisk helse og genetikk
Barn av lavt utdannede foreldre gjør det dårligere på skolen, og ender ofte opp med lavere utdanning, lavere inntekt, og høyere arbeidsledighet enn andre. Hvorfor er det slik?
www.fhi.no
Reposted by Maria L. Andersen
reveconstudies.bsky.social
Recently accepted to #REStud, ``The Child Penalty Atlas" quantifies the unequal effects of parenthood on men and women’s employment in 134 countries.

From Henrik Kleven, Camille Landais & Gabriel Leite Mariante:

www.restud.com/the-child-pe...

#Fertility, #Childcare, #Children, #Youth
mlandersen.bsky.social
🙋🏻‍♀️ And thanks for making this!!
Reposted by Maria L. Andersen
bardharstad.bsky.social
Some articles from @reveconstudies.bsky.social are more relevant than ever before:
"In all countries, respondents greatly overestimate the total number of immigrants, think immigrants are culturally and religiously more distant from them, and economically weaker"
academic.oup.com/restud/artic...
Immigration and Redistribution
Abstract. Does immigration change support for redistribution? We design and conduct large-scale surveys and experiments in six countries to investigate how
academic.oup.com
Reposted by Maria L. Andersen
johnmullahy.bsky.social
Many Stata users will be familiar with the -motivate- command. Only today did I learn of the -motivatedolly- command.
Reposted by Maria L. Andersen
torvik.bsky.social
Psykisk helse hos barn varierer sterkt etter foreldrenes inntekt og utdanning. Hvorfor er det sånn?

I fire år har vi forsket på sosial ulikhet, psykisk helse og genetikk. Kom på Kulturhuset onsdag 20. november kl. 9, så får du høre hva vi har funnet ut!

www.fhi.no/om/kurs-og-k...
Sosial ulikhet, psykisk helse og genetikk
Barn av lavt utdannede foreldre gjør det dårligere på skolen, og ender ofte opp med lavere utdanning, lavere inntekt, og høyere arbeidsledighet enn andre. Hvorfor er det slik?
www.fhi.no