Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 03 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00375-6An article in Nature Communications reports bioprinted trophoblast organoids as models of early placental development.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 03 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00375-6An article in Nature Communications reports bioprinted trophoblast organoids as models of early placental development.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 02 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00370-xBacteria can be engineered to metabolize inflammation by-products for the treatment of inflammation-mediated diseases. We created a spin-off company to translate bioengineered Escherichia coli Nissle into a live therapeutic product, navigating translational, regulatory and biotech mindset challenges. Here, I provide some generalizable insights into academic entrepreneurship.

The emerging field of genetically targeted chemical assembly (GTCA) uses cell-specific genetic information to instruct chemical synthesis in situ. This Perspective discusses recent progress in GTCA and outlines opportunities for expanding the GTCA toolbox and diversifying applications.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 02 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00370-xBacteria can be engineered to metabolize inflammation by-products for the treatment of inflammation-mediated diseases. We created a spin-off company to translate bioengineered Escherichia coli Nissle into a live therapeutic product, navigating translational, regulatory and biotech mindset challenges. Here, I provide some generalizable insights into academic entrepreneurship.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 01 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00364-9Bioelectronic devices enable real-time monitoring, diagnosis and treatment by blending biological processes with electronic technology. This Review examines the material property landscape of low-dimensional materials in bioelectronic systems by device component, emphasizing their role in enabling the development of miniaturized bioelectronic platforms for wireless and connected health-care applications.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 01 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00373-8An article in Nature Communications reports a magnetically guided biohybrid microrobot system for active and efficient pneumonia therapy in vivo.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 01 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00373-8An article in Nature Communications reports a magnetically guided biohybrid microrobot system for active and efficient pneumonia therapy in vivo.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 01 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00364-9Bioelectronic devices enable real-time monitoring, diagnosis and treatment by blending biological processes with electronic technology. This Review examines the material property landscape of low-dimensional materials in bioelectronic systems by device component, emphasizing their role in enabling the development of miniaturized bioelectronic platforms for wireless and connected health-care applications.

The implementation or insertion of medical devices into the body can lead to infections and inflammation, which are often challenging to treat because of the presence of microbial biofilms and antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. This Review outlines preclinical testing strategies for medical devices with antimicrobial properties to avoid and reduce medical-device-associated infections.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00367-6Bio-inspired path integration and neural mapping enable robots to navigate autonomously in global positioning system (GPS)-denied environments such as disaster zones, space and deep oceans.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00372-9Soft robots, such as silicone pneumatic networks or tendon actuated fingers, can be built at low cost and feature human-centered designs. The accessibility and real-life applications of soft robots make them ideal for educational outreach programs aimed at encouraging students to pursue biorobotics careers.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00367-6Bio-inspired path integration and neural mapping enable robots to navigate autonomously in global positioning system (GPS)-denied environments such as disaster zones, space and deep oceans.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 30 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00372-9Soft robots, such as silicone pneumatic networks or tendon actuated fingers, can be built at low cost and feature human-centered designs. The accessibility and real-life applications of soft robots make them ideal for educational outreach programs aimed at encouraging students to pursue biorobotics careers.

Heterogeneity constitutes a critical barrier to treating cancer. This Review discusses the biological and physical sources of heterogeneity across length scales, encompassing tumour-cell-intrinsic, tissue-microenvironment and organism-level sources, and how engineering strategies can improve our understanding of these phenomena.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00359-6Soft robotic systems can be integrated into wearable technologies, offering adaptable and safe solutions for assistance, rehabilitation and haptic feedback. This Review explores key soft actuator technologies, integration strategies and the role of sustainability in enabling personalized, energy-efficient and durable wearable soft robotic devices.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00354-xMicrobial synthetic biology might greatly benefit from the application of non-model organisms, which have been evolutionarily optimized for the production of specific proteins and metabolites. This Review discusses the design and application of endogenous production in non-model organisms.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00344-zLiving organisms surpass robots in durability and adaptability. This Review explores animal and plant energy-saving strategies to inspire resilient, low-energy robots and emphasizes the cost of transport as a key metric in relation to the durability of various movement modalities.

Rehabilitation after ischaemic stroke can promote only limited recovery for many patients with stroke. This Review discusses how the distinctly reparative environment of the subacute time window after stroke can inform the design of biology-driven biomaterial-based stroke therapies.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00344-zLiving organisms surpass robots in durability and adaptability. This Review explores animal and plant energy-saving strategies to inspire resilient, low-energy robots and emphasizes the cost of transport as a key metric in relation to the durability of various movement modalities.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00354-xMicrobial synthetic biology might greatly benefit from the application of non-model organisms, which have been evolutionarily optimized for the production of specific proteins and metabolites. This Review discusses the design and application of endogenous production in non-model organisms.

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Published online: 24 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s44222-025-00359-6Soft robotic systems can be integrated into wearable technologies, offering adaptable and safe solutions for assistance, rehabilitation and haptic feedback. This Review explores key soft actuator technologies, integration strategies and the role of sustainability in enabling personalized, energy-efficient and durable wearable soft robotic devices.

Renal function can be replaced by bioengineered kidney tissue. This Review discusses in vivo kidney engineering, xenotransplantation, blastocyst complementation and stem-cell-derived kidney tissue engineering as approaches for renal replacement therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell activities can be remotely controlled to provide spatiotemporal precision of CAR T cell activity and improve the safety of cellular immunotherapies. This Review discusses physical and chemogenetic stimuli and the combination of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies with immuno-engineering to design controllable CAR T cell therapies.

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing protein design by enabling precise navigation of sequence space and accelerating the creation of functional proteins. In this Review, a practical roadmap gui...