World’s largest open dataset on network interference.
Document censorship. 🔍
X: @openobservatory
🤍🖤🧡🩶💖
• The activists who shared experiences under real risk 🙇
• OONI Probe users in Iran who contributed measurements 🙏
Report authors include Miaan Group + OONI researchers 👏
@DennaMillet @Ammir @agrabeli_ @elyachmeneva @null_crack @hellais
EOF
🤍🖤🧡🩶💖
• The activists who shared experiences under real risk 🙇
• OONI Probe users in Iran who contributed measurements 🙏
Report authors include Miaan Group + OONI researchers 👏
@DennaMillet @Ammir @agrabeli_ @elyachmeneva @null_crack @hellais
EOF
Blocking a website can mean blocking a decade of memory
@internetarchive
Blocking a website can mean blocking a decade of memory
@internetarchive
• more secure & accessible circumvention
• digital literacy and privacy awareness
• alternative channels that fit local constraints
• sustained international attention and support aligned with activists’ realities
@OpenTechFund
• more secure & accessible circumvention
• digital literacy and privacy awareness
• alternative channels that fit local constraints
• sustained international attention and support aligned with activists’ realities
@OpenTechFund
This report shows censorship is not just "sites being down". It can erase history, fragment communities, deepen inequality, and constrain safety, while activists continue adapting and pushing women’s demands into public and political life
This report shows censorship is not just "sites being down". It can erase history, fragment communities, deepen inequality, and constrain safety, while activists continue adapting and pushing women’s demands into public and political life
𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗱𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
Despite constraints, activists keep moving: more encrypted messaging, more short-form and interactive content, more multilingual publishing, and creative workarounds
𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝗱𝗮𝗽𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
Despite constraints, activists keep moving: more encrypted messaging, more short-form and interactive content, more multilingual publishing, and creative workarounds
𝗕𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗸𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗹𝗲𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗳𝗲𝗿
When blogs and archives are blocked, intergenerational learning suffers. Older activist modes (blogging/websites) and younger modes (social platforms) drift apart, weakening continuity and collective memory
𝗕𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗸𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗸𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗹𝗲𝗱𝗴𝗲 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗳𝗲𝗿
When blogs and archives are blocked, intergenerational learning suffers. Older activist modes (blogging/websites) and younger modes (social platforms) drift apart, weakening continuity and collective memory
𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘁𝘀 & 𝗽𝘀𝘆𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀
Censorship drives self-censorship. Activists described fatigue, frustration, isolation, and reduced feedback loops, plus fear that normal participation is treated as "illegal"
𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘁𝘀 & 𝗽𝘀𝘆𝗰𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗼𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗲𝗳𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀
Censorship drives self-censorship. Activists described fatigue, frustration, isolation, and reduced feedback loops, plus fear that normal participation is treated as "illegal"
𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
People route around blocks by shifting to social media, messaging apps, podcasts, and foreign platforms, but this often produces scattered, temporary, hard-to-find knowledge.
𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
People route around blocks by shifting to social media, messaging apps, podcasts, and foreign platforms, but this often produces scattered, temporary, hard-to-find knowledge.
𝗟𝗼𝘀𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 & 𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀
Blocked sites and declining website activity mean campaigns, reports, and histories disappear or become inaccessible.
𝗟𝗼𝘀𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗱𝗼𝗰𝘂𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 & 𝗮𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀
Blocked sites and declining website activity mean campaigns, reports, and histories disappear or become inaccessible.
𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗼𝗿𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗮𝗿𝗴𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗱, 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗯𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗸𝗲𝘁.
Even though more international sites were tested (25) than Persian sites (17), 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗯𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗱 (𝟳 𝘃𝘀 𝟱).
𝗖𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗼𝗿𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗮𝗿𝗴𝗲𝘁𝗲𝗱, 𝗻𝗼𝘁 𝗯𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗸𝗲𝘁.
Even though more international sites were tested (25) than Persian sites (17), 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗯𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗱 (𝟳 𝘃𝘀 𝟱).
𝗗𝗡𝗦 𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲 used by major Iranian ISPs to block these websites, confirmed when DNS resolution returns private/bogon IPs that match known censorship fingerprints.
𝗗𝗡𝗦 𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗱𝗼𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗵𝗻𝗶𝗾𝘂𝗲 used by major Iranian ISPs to block these websites, confirmed when DNS resolution returns private/bogon IPs that match known censorship fingerprints.
• awid.org (AWID)
• womenonweb.org (Women on Web) @WomenOnWaves_
• wluml.org (Women Living Under Muslim Laws)
• rawa.org (RAWA)
• thepolygon.ca (The Polygon Gallery)
• awid.org (AWID)
• womenonweb.org (Women on Web) @WomenOnWaves_
• wluml.org (Women Living Under Muslim Laws)
• rawa.org (RAWA)
• thepolygon.ca (The Polygon Gallery)
• iranwire.com (IranWire)
• zaagaah.com (Zagah)
• aasoo.org (ASO)
• anfpersian.com (ANF News)
• feministschool.com (Feminist School)
• we-change.org (We-Change)
• avishanx.com (AvishanX)
• iranwire.com (IranWire)
• zaagaah.com (Zagah)
• aasoo.org (ASO)
• anfpersian.com (ANF News)
• feministschool.com (Feminist School)
• we-change.org (We-Change)
• avishanx.com (AvishanX)
𝗕𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗺𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲. OONI data confirms blocking of 𝟳 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻-𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗯𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 and 𝟱 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝘄𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗯𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀.
𝗕𝗹𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗶𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗺𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗲. OONI data confirms blocking of 𝟳 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗮𝗻-𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲 𝘄𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗯𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀 and 𝟱 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝘄𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻’𝘀 𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁𝘀 𝘄𝗲𝗯𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗲𝘀.
• 𝗢𝗢𝗡𝗜 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗲 measurements
• 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝗶𝘀 (𝗙𝗲𝗯 𝟭 '𝟮𝟰-𝗢𝗰𝘁 𝟭 '𝟮𝟱), focusing on major Iranian networks
• 𝟴 𝘀𝗲𝗺𝗶-𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄𝘀 (Dec 2024) with women’s rights / gender equality activists (pseudonyms used)
• 𝗢𝗢𝗡𝗜 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗲 measurements
• 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝗶𝘀 (𝗙𝗲𝗯 𝟭 '𝟮𝟰-𝗢𝗰𝘁 𝟭 '𝟮𝟱), focusing on major Iranian networks
• 𝟴 𝘀𝗲𝗺𝗶-𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗶𝗲𝘄𝘀 (Dec 2024) with women’s rights / gender equality activists (pseudonyms used)
Restricting access to information is not "incidental". Women’s rights sites are amongst the targets. OONI data shows women’s rights websites have been blocked in Iran 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝟮𝟬𝟭𝟰.
Restricting access to information is not "incidental". Women’s rights sites are amongst the targets. OONI data shows women’s rights websites have been blocked in Iran 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗮𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝟮𝟬𝟭𝟰.
Women’s rights are severely restricted in Iran. After Mahsa Jina Amini’s death in Sept 2022, the 𝗪𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻, 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗼𝗺 movement surged, followed by intensified repression (per the UN) and sustained information controls.
Women’s rights are severely restricted in Iran. After Mahsa Jina Amini’s death in Sept 2022, the 𝗪𝗼𝗺𝗲𝗻, 𝗟𝗶𝗳𝗲, 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲𝗱𝗼𝗺 movement surged, followed by intensified repression (per the UN) and sustained information controls.