Possibly Judero? Though I think they used other mediums besides clay it used stop-motion animation.

Found the artist's site and it might not be a coincidence. They have a section dedicated to Cuphead.

the trick is that you can't actually believe in nothing, it's just not possible

when you start getting irony-poisoned all it means is you shed higher layers of thought and revert to base instincts

and there's no baser instinct than "i don't like people who don't look like me"