As SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants evolve, it is important to understand the vulnerabilities of these viruses to neutralizing antibodies. Within this manuscript, we describe first-generation antibodies isolated following infection with WA-1 that retain viral neutralization to subsequent Omicron variants by targeting a site of viral vulnerability called the NTD. This work highlights the shifting landscape of SARS-CoV-2 variants and provides mechanistic insights into how antibodies from prior infections may play a role in preventing subsequent SARS-CoV-2 variant infections.

Alphacoronaviruses are in the family Coronaviridae, along with three other genera; beta, gamma, and deltacoronaviruses. The Alphacoronavirus genus consists of viruses that infect a wide range of hosts...

Outbreaks of zoonotic viruses in human populations highlight the need to understand the molecular factors that influence viral host tropism and interspecies transmission. A virus’s host range is deter...

The neuropathogenesis of betacoronaviruses remains largely unclear despite the global impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. While these viruses are prima...

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains one of the most widespread viral infections globally. Primary HCMV infection is typically asymptomatic and leads to the establishment of latency in myeloid lineage...

Coronaviruses, like many other positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, rely on intracellular membrane remodeling to create a protected environment for efficient replication to occur. The resulting double membrane vesicles (DMVs) have characteristic pores formed from the non-structural viral proteins nsp3 and nsp4, while enzymes responsible for RNA replication, including the polymerase nsp12, are contained inside. Recent structural work has elucidated the nature of the pores, but how the polymerase and other viral proteins are recruited to the DMV represents a major gap in our current knowledge. Here we present a novel, step-by-step structural model of how the pores initially form from the uncleaved polyprotein, how protease activity is initiated, and how the viral replication machinery is trapped within the DMV.

Astroviruses are important aetiological agents of gastroenteritis. Recently, two novel human astrovirus (HAstV) clades, VA and MLB, have been identified. However, the replication cycle of these viruse...

The death, in a county where high numbers of West Nile virus-positive mosquitoes and dead birds have been found, is the fifth West Nile virus-related death in the state this year.

Abstract. The lentiviral accessory protein Vpr engages an extensive network of cellular pathways to drive diverse host consequences. Of its many phenotypes

This Perspective discusses essential considerations for how ecosystem restoration may influence spillover of zoonotic pathogens, and how such considerations may be integrated into restoration design.

Nucleoside prodrug CNiBuC substantially reduces viral markers in vivo and is a promising candidate for SARS-CoV-2 therapy.

Cell Death & Disease - SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants alter trophoblast cell fusion and syncytiotrophoblast dynamics: new insights into placental vulnerability

Obesity is a growing global health concern with profound effects on immune function and vaccine efficacy. This study investigated the impact of obesity on immune responses to tick-borne encephalitis v...

A multivalent vaccine targeting high-consequence infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which are linked to high mortality, morbidity and overlapping clinical manifestations, would significa...

Predicting outbreak severity may require looking beyond R0 , especially for mosquito-borne pathogens like chikungunya virus.

npj Vaccines - Single dose of foot-and-mouth disease peptide vaccine fully protects swine and achieves intraserotype crossed neutralization

Viruses such as coxsackievirus B (CVB) have been associated with type I diabetes (T1D) and islet destruction. Here the authors show that Yes-associated protein (YAP) is upregulated in the whole pancreas in T1D and at-risk autoantibody (AAb + ) organ donors and that YAP over-expression enhances CVB replication, islet inflammation and β-cell apoptosis and suggest exocrine-islet-immune interactions as targeted interventions for T1D.

Large-scale longitudinal health records reveal consistent association of varicella-zoster virus reactivation with dementia.

Children and adolescents face a significantly higher risk of various PASC outcomes after reinfection with SARS-CoV-2. These findings add to previous evidence linking paediatric long COVID to multisyst...

The revelation that the communist state issued stamps to mark British royal occasions demonstrates the unique allure of matters philatelic