Introduction Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA125) has emerged as a potential biomarker in patients with heart failure (HF). This meta-analysis comprehensively evaluates the association between CA125 levels and clinical outcomes across HF populations. Methods We conducted this study based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase libraries up to April 2025. We selected the original English-language investigations that reported the association between CA125 levels and clinical outcomes in cases with HF. The random-effects model and Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method were used to pool effect sizes and report summary statistics. The current review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251023141). Results A total of 20,458 cases were included from 29 studies, with an average age of 70.3 years, and 36.1% of cases were women. The average cut-off level was 37.78 U/mL, and 35 U/mL was mainly used as the CA125 cut-off level. A meta-analysis of nine studies that reported the risk of experiencing endpoint events (death or HF-related hospitalization) showed significantly higher risk (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.69–2.93; p < 0.01; I2 = 75.0%) among the patients with higher CA125 levels compared to those with lower levels. The increased risk remained significant across the acute heart failure (AHF) (HR based on two studies: 1.88, 95% CI 1.54–2.30; p < 0.01; I2 = 39.6%) and chronic heart failure (CHF) (HR based on seven studies: 2.52, 95% CI 1.69–3.77; p < 0.01; I2 = 77.4%) subgroups. Furthermore, a correlation meta-analysis of 13 studies revealed a significant direct correlation between CA125 and pro-BNP levels (r = 0.42; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.54; p < 0.01; I2 = 96.9%). Conclusion The current review findings revealed CA125 as a significant prognostic factor of mortality and hospitalization risks in HF population. Furthermore, CA125 could be a non-invasive and operator-independent tool for evaluating disease severity and monitoring response to therapy. We suggested CA125 for monitoring various treatments in individuals with HF, specifically diuretic therapy. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal cut-off for CA125 levels in HF.

Background Weight regain (WR) and insufficient weight loss (WL) occur in 20–25% of patients after bariatric surgery due to various factors. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promise in promoting WL; however, evidence regarding their effectiveness in managing WL and preventing WR post-bariatric surgery remains limited. Objective This study aims to evaluate the role of GLP-1RAs in treating and preventing WR following bariatric surgery. Methods A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies assessing the impact of GLP-1RAs on WR after bariatric surgery. Results Our search identified 27 original studies, with 10 included in the meta-analysis involving 769 participants (392 treated with GLP-1RAs). The mean age was 44.05 years, with 30.47% male. The time interval from surgery to the initiation of GLP-1RAs treatment ranged from 1.5 to 86.7 months, with treatment durations between 4 and 12 months. The analysis showed significantly greater WL in the GLP-1RAs group compared to placebo (SMD = 0.82, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.42). Subgroup analysis for treatment durations ≤ 6 months indicated a higher WL in the GLP-1RAs group (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.34). Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal, with nausea significantly more frequently in the GLP-1RAs group (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.27). Conclusion GLP-1RAs effectively promote WL among participants experiencing WR after bariatric surgery. Initiating GLP-1RAs therapy shortly after surgery may help prevent WR. Further research is warranted to explore long-term outcomes and optimize treatment protocols for this patient population. Graphical Abstract

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional sensation about actual or possible tissue damage that can cause remarkable health and economic problems. For pain re...

Pain is an unfavorable subjective sensation influencing 20% of the public population, giving rise to substantial health and economic issues. Several categories ...

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Objectives Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), marked by age-related somatic mutations in hematopoietic cells, has been linked to cardiovascular disease. Given its shared risk pr...

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), with insulin resistance (IR) increasingly recognized as a key contributor. The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity, has been proposed as a predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in T1DM. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between eGDR and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was conducted through March 6, 2025, to identify studies reporting multivariable-adjusted risk estimates linking eGDR with cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with T1DM. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using random-effects models with the Paule–Mandel method and Knapp–Hartung adjustment. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore potential effect modifiers, and leave-one-out (LOO) sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of findings. Results Sixteen studies comprising 29,075 individuals with T1DM were included. Higher eGDR was significantly associated with lower risk of MACE and all-cause mortality, with hazard ratios per unit increase of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.87; I² = 63%) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.82–0.86; I² = 0%), respectively. Lower eGDR was also associated with increased risk of CAD (low vs. high eGDR: HR 3.61; 95% CI: 2.83–4.62; I² = 0%). Subgroup analyses suggested a stronger protective association between eGDR and MACE among older individuals (≥ 40 years), those with BMI < 25 kg/m², and those with longer diabetes duration (≥ 20 years). LOO sensitivity analyses showed that CAD was the only outcome influenced by exclusion of the largest study. Conclusions Lower eGDR is consistently associated with increased risk of MACE, CAD, and all-cause mortality in individuals with T1DM. These findings support the utility of eGDR as a practical, non-invasive marker for cardiovascular risk stratification in this high-risk population. Graphical Abstract

Our study aimed to investigate the relationship of knowledge, attitude, and practice towards nutrition (KAP) with socio-demographic and anthropometric factors among bodybuilders in Zanjan, Iran, in 2019. In three parts, we performed a cross-sectional study of 220 male bodybuilders across Zanjan City, Iran. First, we assessed the KAP of our athletes with a standard survey questionnaire of KAP. Subsequently, socio-demographic variables were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire, while anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and BMI, were obtained through standardized and. A total of 220 male bodybuilders participated in our study. The mean nutrition knowledge (NK) score was 86.33, indicating a good level of knowledge among participants. Marital status and education, use of supplements, supplement usage, nutritional interventions provided by a registered nutritionist, bodybuilding history, and smoking had no significant relationship with KAP. Alcohol consumption showed no significant correlation with knowledge, attitude, or practice. Age was positively correlated with attitude, while no significant correlation was found with knowledge or practice. BMI exhibited a significant inverse correlation with practice, but no significant correlation was observed with knowledge or attitude. Our results showed that the NK of bodybuilders in Zanjan city of Iran was good, and there was no significant relevance between socio-demographic factors and KAP, except for alcohol consumption. This demonstrates a substantial NK gap among bodybuilders regarding alcohol use and supplement use, necessitating nutritional education programs for athletes. Not applicable.

Introduction Right ventricle (RV) pseudoaneurysm is a substantially rare but fatal condition that should be diagnosed promptly to prevent severe complications, such as rupture and death. However, due to its nonspecific presentation, its diagnosis relies mainly on advanced imaging cardiac modalities. This report describes the successful management of a delayed and unusual presentation of RV pseudoaneurysm. Case presentation A 31-year-old white male patient with a history of pericardiectomy presented with chest pain and dyspnea, which worsened by exertion, and edema of the lower extremities, which had started several weeks ago and had been exacerbated over time. The initial evaluations with cardiac enzyme check, chest X-ray, and electrocardiogram were unremarkable, and the patient was planned to undergo a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). TTE revealed RV failure and increased RV diameter; a suspicious lesion in the RV apex was also detected, suggesting a pseudoaneurysm. Cardiac Computed Tomography (CTA) confirmed the diagnosis, and interventional treatment via an Amplatzer device was considered, which was rejected by the interventional cardiologist of the center due to the lack of experience and logistics for such intervention. Considering the patient’s condition deterioration, the patient was transferred to an operating room, and an open-heart surgery was performed to suture the ruptured RV myocardium. The pericardial effusion was removed. The histopathological evaluation of the sample confirmed the diagnosis. The post-surgical recovery and follow-up were uneventful. The graphical abstract is added below to illustrate the case and summarize it. Conclusion (Clinical key point) Right ventricle pseudoaneurysms can present with unusual symptoms and signs, and misdiagnosis is highly probable. Advanced imaging techniques after the initial echocardiogram might be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, timely, appropriate, and wisely chosen treatment (interventional or surgical) can result in uneventful treatment and recovery. Graphical abstract

Mesalamine (Mes) is a first-line anti-inflammatory agent extensively used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mes can be locally delivered using alginate-based microparticles as a pH-sensitive ...

Inflammatory markers are associated with the severity of disease and outcomes in rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS). This study explored the connection between newer inflammatory indices – specificall...

Scientific Reports - Exploring latent classes of complete blood count profiles and their association with smoking status in the Bandar Kong cohort study

In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, it is important to thoroughly examine the right ventricle for the presence of a thrombus during transthoracic echocardiography, in addition to the left ventri....

Abstract. Introduction: High blood pressure accelerates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, but the optimal intensity of blood pressure control in this population remains unclear. We aimed to de...

PDF | Background: An anomalous right coronary artery (RCA) originating from the left anterior descending artery (LAD) is a rare subtype of single... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ...

Background Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors increase survival rate in heart failure, but early initiation of these agents after acute myocardial infarction (MI) is controversial. Meth...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a significant global health burden. Identifying prognostic markers for COVID-19 and its severity could contribute to improved patient outcomes by reducing ...

Introduction Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) is the coexistence of obesity and dynapenia, defined as muscle weakness. Both abdominal obesity and dynapenia may contribute to falls in older adults. Th...