ESM2025 strengthened how Earth System Models represent methane — from wetland emissions to the atmospheric chemistry that sets CH₄ lifetime. Models now respond more realistically to temperature, moisture and chemical changes.

#ESM2025isOver

Land-based mitigation isn’t just about carbon.
ESM2025 helped underline how biogeophysical effects shape the climate impact of forests.
👇🧵

#ESM2025isOver

🌱 Land-based mitigation (afforestation, reforestation, BECCS) features prominently in many climate pathways.

ESM2025 looked at how current Earth System Models respond to large-scale land-based CDR, and what that means for climate.

#ESM2025isOver

Another of ESM2025 strengths was the way research connected with education and policy.

Not the only distinctive aspect of the project — but an important one for how results were shared and used.

#ESM2025isOver

💬 One of ESM2025’s strengths was strengthening the dialogue between Earth System Models and Integrated Assessment Models — not from scratch, but in a more structured and practical way than before.

What changed in practice?👇🧵
#ESM2025isOver

Today, ESM2025 officially comes to an end!

Since 2021, our European consortium has been building a new generation of Earth System Models to support mitigation & adaptation strategies aligned with the Paris Agreement. Watch these clips of our final video to see how far we've come!
🧵👇

#ESM2025isOver