Le Danemark bénéficie d'un environnement des affaires propice à la croissance, d'un marché du travail solide et de finances publiques saines, cependant il reste confronté à des défis. L'économie est à deux vitesses, principalement tirée par les entreprises multinationales, alors que la demande intérieure et la croissance de la productivité sont faibles. Bien que la dette publique soit faible et le cadre budgétaire solide, l'amélioration de l'efficacité des dépenses et des priorités à long terme contribuerait à gérer les pressions budgétaires liées au vieillissement de la population, au changement climatique et aux exigences en matière de sécurité nationale. Le Danemark est à la pointe des politiques d'atténuation du changement climatique et en bonne voie pour atteindre ses objectifs climatiques pour 2030. Toutefois, une stratégie globale d'adaptation au changement climatique et des investissements adéquats dans la prévention des risques sont nécessaires pour améliorer la résilience climatique et faire face aux risques d'inondations, de tempêtes et d'érosion côtière. Des réformes pourraient encore améliorer le niveau de vie élevé du Danemark. Pour réduire les obstacles à la réalisation de projets familiaux, il convient de combler les lacunes qui subsistent dans les politiques et les services destinés aux familles, notamment en améliorant la qualité des services de garde d'enfants. Les réformes de la fiscalité immobilière, de la réglementation en matière de construction, des logements sociaux et du contrôle des loyers peuvent contribuer à augmenter l'offre de logements, à atténuer les problèmes d'accessibilité financière dans les zones urbaines et à favoriser la mobilité résidentielle.

Denmark has a growth-friendly business environment, a strong labour market and sound public finances but still faces challenges. The economy has run at two speeds, mainly driven by multinational firms, while domestic demand and productivity growth have been weak. Although public debt is low and the fiscal framework is strong, improving spending efficiency and priorities over the longer term would help manage budget pressures created by population ageing, climate change and national security requirements. Denmark is at the forefront of climate mitigation policies and is on track to meet its 2030 climate targets. However, a comprehensive strategy for climate change adaptation and adequate investment in risk prevention are needed to improve climate resilience and address exposures to flooding, storm surges and coastal erosion. Policy reform can further improve Denmark’s high livings standards. Reducing barriers for people to realise their family plans requires addressing remaining gaps in family policies and services, notably improving childcare quality. Reforms of property taxation, building regulation, social housing and rent controls, can help to raise housing supply, ease affordability issues in urban areas and support residential mobility. SPECIAL FEATURES: FAMILY; HOUSING; CLIMATE POLICIES

The Slovak Republic celebrates 25 years of OECD membership. Over the past quarter-century since becoming an OECD member, Slovakia has undergone profound transformations. By moving from the legacy of a centrally planned system to a globally integrated market economy, this dramatically improved living standards. Over this period, Slovakia also deepened its regional economic integration through accession to the European Union and the euro area.

Portugal’s economy has been outpacing the euro area average since 2022. The unemployment rate has declined, while public debt relative to GDP fell significantly. Rising disbursements of the Recovery and Resilience Funds in 2026, continuous employment gains, and recent structural reforms are all expected to support growth. However, significant challenges lie ahead. Sustaining primary surpluses and preserving public investment are essential to maintain the debt-to-GDP ratio on a firmly declining path. This requires shifting the structure of public spending towards investment, reducing spending pressures from population ageing, and reducing inefficient tax expenditures. Strengthened vocational education and training, as well as better training support for older workers, are needed to fully mobilise the working-age population, ease labour shortages and strengthen skills. Boosting competition in services sectors and maintaining investment would raise labour productivity and support sustainable gains in living standards. More consistent pricing of carbon across the economy and broader insurance coverage for natural risks would make growth more sustainable and support adaptation to a warming climate. Improving housing affordability requires structural reforms to streamline permitting procedures and spatial planning, improve efficiency and equity of property taxes, and strengthen targeted housing support for vulnerable households. SPECIAL FEATURE: PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE HOUSING

Application Deadline: 31 January 2026 (23:59 Geneva time)Start Date: March 2026Duration: 12 monthsLocation: Remote (with funded in-person components)Positions

Thailand has seen sound economic and social advances over recent decades, but economic growth is weakening in the face of several long-term challenges. Catch-up in GDP per capita has slowed, and the pace of poverty reduction has diminished. The key industries of tourism and manufacturing face hurdles, and changes in the global trade environment pose a risk. Macroeconomic policies are generally in good shape and inflation is low, although high household debt warrants close monitoring. Increasing public revenue is essential to lower public debt and fund future spending needs, such as managing an ageing population and climate change. To boost business productivity, Thailand needs to increase competition, simplify trade, attract foreign investment, reduce bureaucracy, and continue anti-corruption efforts. Climate adaptation requires better management of flood and drought risks and developing resilient crops, while meeting emission targets depends on decarbonising electricity generation. Finally, widespread informality hurts productivity, fiscal revenues, and leaves many without access to social protection. Achieving better opportunities for all requires upskilling the workforce and coordinating reforms to expand social benefits while encouraging a shift to the formal economy. SPECIAL FEATURES: STRENGTHENING PRODUCTIVITY, CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, TACKLING INFORMALITY

The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) is an autonomous institution within the United Nations that conducts independent research on

Perspectivas Económicas de la OCDE 2 déc. 2025 04:00 PM Presentación de nuestras perspectivas económicas para Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, México y Perú