Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 26 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-zRestless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements are increasingly recognized as risk factors for stroke and other cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and vice versa. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that could underly this bidirectional relationship.

Nature Reviews Neurology - Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) shows considerable promise as a therapeutic strategy for neurological and psychiatric disorders. This Review explores the role of...

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 27 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01164-wMultiple sclerosis is among the most common causes of disability in the young and its prevention is a feasible, albeit ambitious, goal. In this Perspective, Dobson et al. discuss the challenges in developing and testing preventive interventions in MS and propose strategies and solutions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 26 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-zRestless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements are increasingly recognized as risk factors for stroke and other cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and vice versa. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that could underly this bidirectional relationship.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 25 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01170-yNature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with Victor Rivera from Baylor College of Medicine about his work to address disparities in multiple sclerosis care in Latin American and other populations.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 25 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01170-yNature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with Victor Rivera from Baylor College of Medicine about his work to address disparities in multiple sclerosis care in Latin American and other populations.

INTRODUCTION Recent studies have identified important species-dependent differences in the response of microglia to β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology. Yet, whether human microglia also interact differently w...

In this study, the authors generated iPSC lines from more than 100 sporadic ALS cases, which recapitulated key disease phenotypes and enabled large-scale drug screening, identifying a promising combin...

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 17 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01160-0This article reviews the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Latin America and how they might be influenced by genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors that are unique to this region. The authors also describe diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and current approaches to MS treatment and management in Latin American countries.

Microglia rapidly respond to acute brain injury and contribute to neuroinflammation that drives cerebral edema, a major cause of mortality and disabil…

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 13 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01159-7Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic modifiers, mostly DNA repair genes, that significantly influence the onset and progression of Huntington disease, pointing to somatic CAG repeat expansions as a key pathological driver. Here, Tabrizi and colleagues review the evidence for this paradigm and discuss the potential for therapeutic interventions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 17 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01160-0This article reviews the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Latin America and how they might be influenced by genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors that are unique to this region. The authors also describe diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and current approaches to MS treatment and management in Latin American countries.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 11 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01166-8Developmental trajectories and genetic architectures differ between inidividuals with autism who are diagnosed early or later in life, new research has shown.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 11 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01169-5Lipids derived from extracellular vesicles in adipose tissue from people with obesity can promote amyloid-β aggregation, according to new research.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 11 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01165-9The C9orf72 hexanucleotide expansion that causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compromises microglial function, new research has shown.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 17 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01160-0This article reviews the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Latin America and how they might be influenced by genetic, environmental and socioeconomic factors that are unique to this region. The authors also describe diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and current approaches to MS treatment and management in Latin American countries.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 13 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01159-7Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic modifiers, mostly DNA repair genes, that significantly influence the onset and progression of Huntington disease, pointing to somatic CAG repeat expansions as a key pathological driver. Here, Tabrizi and colleagues review the evidence for this paradigm and discuss the potential for therapeutic interventions.

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 13 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01159-7Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic modifiers, mostly DNA repair genes, that significantly influence the onset and progression of Huntington disease, pointing to somatic CAG repeat expansions as a key pathological driver. Here, Tabrizi and colleagues review the evidence for this paradigm and discuss the potential for therapeutic interventions.

To study the association of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and multiple sclerosis (MS) as compared to 10 different control diseases, 10,669 patients with MS and 42,222 controls were identified by ICD10 cod...

Comparative studies in AD and PiD reveal critical regulatory changes and identify risk gene associations for PiD.

An analysis of rare genetic variants identifies three genes—MAP1A, ANO8 and ANK2—that have a role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and investigates the potential underlying biologica...

Nature Reviews Neurology, Published online: 11 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41582-025-01166-8Developmental trajectories and genetic architectures differ between inidividuals with autism who are diagnosed early or later in life, new research has shown.