Stefan Angrick
@stefanangrick.bsky.social
89 followers 93 following 61 posts
Macro economics, macro finance, central banking. Reposts ≠ endorsements. Views my own.
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stefanangrick.bsky.social
But you're right--how to distribute those gains is a big issue. One proposal for how to deal with the BoJ's ETF holdings was to let households buy them at book value.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
That's a really fair question. My point was mainly that worries about risks to the BoJ's balance sheet were overblown (not that they would have mattered much anyway--central banks aren't in the business of making profits). Turns out diversified equity portfolios tend to gain value over time!
stefanangrick.bsky.social
TL;DR: ETF purchases were unconventional and controversial. But in hindsight, the BoJ's ETF gamble stands out as a rare bet that actually paid off.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
Why sell now? To signal that tighter monetary policy is on the agenda. The BoJ didn't hike this month, but ETF sales show it's edging in that direction. The pace will be glacial--a full exit will take more than a century.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
On returns, the policy was a winner. Japanese equities have surged in recent years, and the BoJ's ETF holdings are now worth about double their book value. That's trillions of yen in paper gains--compare that to other central banks that have booked large bond losses.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
In hindsight, those fears look overstated. The BoJ stuck to broad, diversified ETFs (first Nikkei 225, later TOPIX). That kept risks limited and avoided distorting corporate governance more than any other passive investor.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
Most of the BoJ's ETFs were bought under former Governor Kuroda to ease policy by lowering capital costs and boosting risk-taking. Critics worried about distortions and losses. Few other central banks ever dared to buy equities.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
About a week ago, the BoJ said it will start selling ETFs and J-REITs. Markets sold off at first but quickly calmed. ETF buying was always one of the BoJ's more contentious policies--but in hindsight, it proved surprisingly successful.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
Ishiba's resignation after less than a year in office raises big questions for Japan and its economy. Many thanks to RTHK's Carolyn Wright for the interview. podcasts.apple.com/hk/podcast/s...
Stefan Angrick - What Next for Japan?
Podcast 單集 · The Close · 10/09/2025 · 9 分鐘
podcasts.apple.com
Reposted by Stefan Angrick
alphaville.ft.com
Here's a chart-heavy 1500 words about FX hedging mechanics that shows "the FT is really dumbing down for its readers", according to someone in the comments.

on.ft.com/45SpYOk
When does it pay to hedge FX?
[FREE TO READ] The trade that explains (almost) everything
on.ft.com
Reposted by Stefan Angrick
arindube.bsky.social
Very pleased that our local projections dif-in-dif paper is now out in the Journal of Applied Econometrics. Joint with @dgirardi.bsky.social, Jorda, and Taylor.

It's a tool that we think many applied economists will find useful (indeed many already have).

🧵
stefanangrick.bsky.social
"Geopolitical realities have shifted the narrative. At long last. We will now get to see how the single currency works with a more sensible, if somewhat inflationary, fiscal policy from the core of the euro for the first time." moneyinsideout.substack.com/p/german-fis... 2/2
German fiscal policy on the move
Not quite a return to reunification, but still a substantial change
moneyinsideout.substack.com
stefanangrick.bsky.social
Sharp analysis by @generaltheorist.bsky.social @exantedata.bsky.social: "Since the euro was formed at the turn of the millennium, one constant theme has been the unnecessary tightness of German fiscal policy—and therefore shortage of reserve asset supply from the heart of the single currency." 1/2
stefanangrick.bsky.social
Governments worldwide are leveraging subsidies to attract chipmakers to their shores. The U.S. leads in project count. But looking beyond the U.S., most new investment favours Asia. Decades of centralisation have deeply embedded a chip supply chain across the region.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
The U.S. stands out as a key player in both sourcing and attracting AI-related investment.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
That investment surge continues, even though total cross-border investment has slowed amid intensifying trade friction and fragmenting supply chains.
stefanangrick.bsky.social
The rise of large language models, which sparked the generative and agentic AI boom, has coincided with surging investment in data centres and semiconductors post-2022.