The human herpesvirus (HHV) family comprises nine pathogenic members: herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A), human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B), human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7), and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (1). HHV infections may contribute to the development of both (sub)acute and chronic neurological diseases, which result from nervous tissue damage either in the scope of lytic viral replication or from extensive virus-directed or autoreactive immune responses. An overview of the neurological complications of HHV infections is provided in Table 1.

CSFV remains a major pathogen of global concern, causing severe disease in swine and incurring substantial economic losses in the pig industry. The absence of effective antiviral agents underscores the pressing need for host-targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we identified Vps34-IN-1, a selective inhibitor of VPS34, as a potent suppressor of CSFV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Remarkably, Vps34-IN-1 also exhibits potent inhibitory activity against other economically important swine viruses, including BVDV, PRV, and PEDV, demonstrating its potential as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent. Knockdown experiments further validated VPS34 as an essential host factor required for CSFV propagation. Mechanistically, the viral p7 protein engages in a specific interaction with UVRAG, a pivotal constituent of the VPS34 complex II, thereby potentially augmenting VPS34-UVRAG complex assembly and facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion. These findings delineate VPS34 as a compelling host-oriented antiviral target and open new therapeutic avenues for the control of CSF and other economically significant swine viral diseases.

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major cause of developmental disabilities in newborns, yet the biological factors that influence transmission from mother to fetus remain unclear. In th...

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3) are important pediatric pathogens and need effective vaccines. We developed live-attenuated chimeric bovine/HPIV3 (B/HPIV3) express...

Conserved CD8 T cell vaccines provide robust protection against SARS-CoV-2 that is enhanced by intranasal boosting.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy may result in maternal and fetal complications. Here, the authors analyze 18 fetuses following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and identify distribution in fet...

Influenza B/Yamagata lineage has rarely been detected since COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions were introduced, while transmission of other influenza lineages resumed. Here, the authors investi...

In international developments, Israel has now confirmed 10 measles deaths in children this year.

Enveloped viruses enter host cells by fusing their envelope with a cellular membrane. This process is triggered when a viral glycoprotein(s) engages with a cellular membrane receptor. Less well understood are the cytoplasmic factors that indirectly govern viral fusion and entry. We report that zyxin, a cellular protein that bridges cell-adhesion receptors with the underlying actin cytoskeleton, antagonizes the fusion and entry of several enveloped viruses.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) continues to cause substantial economic losses in the global swine industry, with emerging strains challenging existing vaccine strategies. This study identifies the N381K glycosylation site mutation in the S protein of PEDV as a factor involved in variations in virulence during natural transmission and laboratory adaptation. Crucially, the mutant induces suboptimal neutralizing immunity against the prevalent strain, revealing a mechanism by which classical-strain vaccines may provide limited protection against currently circulating strains. Our findings reveal how a single glycan modification modulates both pathogenicity and immunogenicity, providing critical insights for the development of effective vaccines against circulating PEDV variants.

The human herpesvirus (HHV) family comprises nine pathogenic members: herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), human cyto...

The family Mamonoviridae consists of only one genus, including three species: Medusavirus medusae, Medusavirus sthenus, and the recently described medusavirus euryale. These three medusaviruses have b...

The CDC has closed its investigation into a Salmonella outbreak linked to eggs that sickened 105 people in 14 states.

npj Vaccines - Immunogenicity and efficacy of homologous and heterologous NDV and MVA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in mice and hamsters

Nzoyikorera et al. describe the genomic surveillance efforts following introduction of the mpox clade Ib virus into Burundi. They demonstrate sustained circulation of clade Ib in Burundi and discuss t...

The Make America Healthy Again summit, attended by health secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr and vice-president JD Vance, gave a sense of what’s driving US health policy.

Maintaining tissue function while eliminating infected cells is fundamental, and inflammatory damage plays a major contribution to lethality after lung infection. We tested 50 immunomodulatory regimes...

Henipaviruses, a genus within the Paramyxoviridae family, include the highly virulent Nipah and Hendra viruses that cause reoccurring outbreaks of deadly disease [1][1]. Recent discoveries of several ...