William Armstrong
@williamarmstrong.bsky.social
Istanbul-based with BBC Monitoring. Founder, presenter, hype-man with Turkey Book Talk (@turkeybooktalk.bsky.social). I have no views.
https://turkeybooktalk.com
https://turkeybooktalk.substack.com/
https://turkeybooktalk.com
https://turkeybooktalk.substack.com/
Reposted by William Armstrong
Reposted by William Armstrong
New episode 📢📢
Berin Gür on “The Conquest of Istanbul and the Manipulation of Architecture: The Islamist-Nationalist Rhetoric of Conquest and Melancholy” (Routledge)
🎧👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/02/03/b...
Berin Gür on “The Conquest of Istanbul and the Manipulation of Architecture: The Islamist-Nationalist Rhetoric of Conquest and Melancholy” (Routledge)
🎧👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/02/03/b...
Berin Gür on the conquest of Istanbul in the Islamist-nationalist imagination
Turkey Book Talk #263 – Berin Gür, professor of architecture at Ankara’s TED University, on “The Conquest of Istanbul and the Manipulation of Architecture: The Islamist-Nationalist Rhet…
turkeybooktalk.com
February 3, 2026 at 2:22 PM
New episode 📢📢
Berin Gür on “The Conquest of Istanbul and the Manipulation of Architecture: The Islamist-Nationalist Rhetoric of Conquest and Melancholy” (Routledge)
🎧👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/02/03/b...
Berin Gür on “The Conquest of Istanbul and the Manipulation of Architecture: The Islamist-Nationalist Rhetoric of Conquest and Melancholy” (Routledge)
🎧👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/02/03/b...
Reposted by William Armstrong
“She was my daughter for 29 years – it’s impossible she jumped from that height."
Hundreds of women are recorded in Turkish state data every year as committing suicide by 'throwing themselves from a high place.' But did they all jump– or were they pushed?
Reporting with @berileski.bsky.social
Hundreds of women are recorded in Turkish state data every year as committing suicide by 'throwing themselves from a high place.' But did they all jump– or were they pushed?
Reporting with @berileski.bsky.social
‘There’s no way my daughter would have jumped’: why are so many Turkish women falling to their deaths?
Every year in Turkey, hundreds of women are recorded as having taken their lives by ‘throwing themselves from a high place’. But many grieving families maintain that investigators are missing the full...
www.theguardian.com
February 2, 2026 at 12:37 PM
“She was my daughter for 29 years – it’s impossible she jumped from that height."
Hundreds of women are recorded in Turkish state data every year as committing suicide by 'throwing themselves from a high place.' But did they all jump– or were they pushed?
Reporting with @berileski.bsky.social
Hundreds of women are recorded in Turkish state data every year as committing suicide by 'throwing themselves from a high place.' But did they all jump– or were they pushed?
Reporting with @berileski.bsky.social
Reposted by William Armstrong
Plenty going on in the world, but very pleased with this episode.
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
New episode 📢📢
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Adnan Khan on the human toll of Turkey’s importing of Europe’s waste
Turkey Book Talk #262 – Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey’s plastic waste imports and the role of migrant labour in the sector. Adnan is the author of two major …
turkeybooktalk.com
January 21, 2026 at 2:15 PM
Plenty going on in the world, but very pleased with this episode.
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Reposted by William Armstrong
Check out Adnan Khan’s conversation with Turkey Book Talk and read his reporting with us 👇
New episode 📢📢
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Adnan Khan on the human toll of Turkey’s importing of Europe’s waste
Turkey Book Talk #262 – Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey’s plastic waste imports and the role of migrant labour in the sector. Adnan is the author of two major …
turkeybooktalk.com
January 21, 2026 at 2:45 PM
Check out Adnan Khan’s conversation with Turkey Book Talk and read his reporting with us 👇
Plenty going on in the world, but very pleased with this episode.
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
New episode 📢📢
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Adnan Khan on the human toll of Turkey’s importing of Europe’s waste
Turkey Book Talk #262 – Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey’s plastic waste imports and the role of migrant labour in the sector. Adnan is the author of two major …
turkeybooktalk.com
January 21, 2026 at 2:15 PM
Plenty going on in the world, but very pleased with this episode.
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Goes deep on Turkey’s acceptance of huge amounts of plastic waste sent from Europe and the exploitation of migrant labour in this largely unregulated, wild west sector.
👇🎧
Reposted by William Armstrong
New episode 📢📢
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Adnan Khan on the human toll of Turkey’s importing of Europe’s waste
Turkey Book Talk #262 – Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey’s plastic waste imports and the role of migrant labour in the sector. Adnan is the author of two major …
turkeybooktalk.com
January 20, 2026 at 2:23 PM
New episode 📢📢
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Journalist Adnan Khan on the spectacular growth of Turkey's plastic waste imports, the human toll of the sector, and the role of migrant labour.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/20/a...
Reposted by William Armstrong
As the economy has plummeted, the rich in Turkey have in fact gotten much richer. Knight Frank's 2024 Wealth Report showed Turkey had the highest increase (9.7%) in "Ultra High-Net-Worth Individuals" (those worth $30M or more). Autocratic oligarchy offers countless opportunities.
Or even better: look at Turkey’s stock market, under the crazy policies that delivered inflation north of 70% (still above 30%). Markets can go very high under crazy policies, because lots of money can still be made, even in economies that are being immiserated.
January 16, 2026 at 2:27 PM
As the economy has plummeted, the rich in Turkey have in fact gotten much richer. Knight Frank's 2024 Wealth Report showed Turkey had the highest increase (9.7%) in "Ultra High-Net-Worth Individuals" (those worth $30M or more). Autocratic oligarchy offers countless opportunities.
Reposted by William Armstrong
My latest is on the moral status of Islam in Iran & Turkey
Iran and Turkey Are Losing Their Faith - For the Same Reason
How political Islam corrodes religious authority
kulturkampftr.substack.com
January 16, 2026 at 11:42 AM
My latest is on the moral status of Islam in Iran & Turkey
Reposted by William Armstrong
Looking for an escape from the news? This book/podcast does the trick
👇👇
👇👇
First episode of 2026 ✨✨
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan on sexual freedom and women in late Ottoman fiction
Turkey Book Talk #261 – Burcu Karahan of Stanford University on her translation of “One Thousand and One Kisses: The Most Joyous and Flirtatious Stories” (Translation Attached). The collectio…
turkeybooktalk.com
January 6, 2026 at 4:13 PM
Looking for an escape from the news? This book/podcast does the trick
👇👇
👇👇
Reposted by William Armstrong
First episode of 2026 ✨✨
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan on sexual freedom and women in late Ottoman fiction
Turkey Book Talk #261 – Burcu Karahan of Stanford University on her translation of “One Thousand and One Kisses: The Most Joyous and Flirtatious Stories” (Translation Attached). The collectio…
turkeybooktalk.com
January 6, 2026 at 2:49 PM
First episode of 2026 ✨✨
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Looking for an escape from the news? This book/podcast does the trick
👇👇
👇👇
First episode of 2026 ✨✨
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan (@burcukarahan.bsky.social) on translating "One Thousand and One Kisses" (Translation Attached)
The book is a remarkable collection of erotic, humorous short stories published anonymously in Istanbul in 1923-24.
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2026/01/06/b...
Burcu Karahan on sexual freedom and women in late Ottoman fiction
Turkey Book Talk #261 – Burcu Karahan of Stanford University on her translation of “One Thousand and One Kisses: The Most Joyous and Flirtatious Stories” (Translation Attached). The collectio…
turkeybooktalk.com
January 6, 2026 at 4:13 PM
Looking for an escape from the news? This book/podcast does the trick
👇👇
👇👇
Reposted by William Armstrong
From Gaza to Ukraine and Venezuela, it is interesting to note that Turkey is positioning itself as a responsible actor, concerned about what it perceives as the growing insecurity of the international system. And this despite the fact that Ankara can be considered a revisionist power.
January 4, 2026 at 1:05 PM
From Gaza to Ukraine and Venezuela, it is interesting to note that Turkey is positioning itself as a responsible actor, concerned about what it perceives as the growing insecurity of the international system. And this despite the fact that Ankara can be considered a revisionist power.
Bilal Erdogan, the president’s son, is again front and centre of Turkish pro-government and state media coverage of this morning’s Palestine rally in Istanbul.
www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/il...
www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/il...
İlim Yayma Vakfı Mütevelli Heyeti Başkanı Bilal Erdoğan: Filistin'i unutmayacağız, unutturmayacağız
İlim Yayma Vakfı Mütevelli Heyeti Başkanı Bilal Erdoğan, "Bugün Galata Köprüsü'nde yüz binlerle beraber tarihe şunu yazıyoruz; biz sinmeyeceğiz, biz susmayacağız, biz Filistin'i unutmayacağız, unutturmayacağız." dedi. - Anadolu Ajansı
www.aa.com.tr
January 1, 2026 at 1:53 PM
Bilal Erdogan, the president’s son, is again front and centre of Turkish pro-government and state media coverage of this morning’s Palestine rally in Istanbul.
www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/il...
www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/il...
Reposted by William Armstrong
Turkey Book Talk's most listened to episode of 2025 🤩🎧
Erik-Jan Zürcher on imperial nostalgia in Turkey and Britain
Many thanks to all listeners and best wishes for 2026 💯💫
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/06/24/e...
Erik-Jan Zürcher on imperial nostalgia in Turkey and Britain
Many thanks to all listeners and best wishes for 2026 💯💫
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/06/24/e...
Erik-Jan Zürcher on imperial nostalgia in Turkey and Britain
Turkey Book Talk #247 – Erik-Jan Zürcher, professor emeritus of Turkish Studies at Leiden University, on the uses and abuses of nostalgia for empire in contemporary Turkey and the UK. The con…
turkeybooktalk.com
December 31, 2025 at 11:05 AM
Turkey Book Talk's most listened to episode of 2025 🤩🎧
Erik-Jan Zürcher on imperial nostalgia in Turkey and Britain
Many thanks to all listeners and best wishes for 2026 💯💫
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/06/24/e...
Erik-Jan Zürcher on imperial nostalgia in Turkey and Britain
Many thanks to all listeners and best wishes for 2026 💯💫
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/06/24/e...
Reposted by William Armstrong
Really interesting conversation. I wasn't persuaded by Gurses's argument that the process will advance democratization, but it was useful to hear the case made
Final episode of 2026 📢
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Mehmet Gurses on the transformation of Turkey’s Kurdish issue
Turkey Book Talk #260 – Mehmet Gurses, director of Kurdish Studies at the University of Central Florida, on his article “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in the jour…
turkeybooktalk.com
December 23, 2025 at 1:28 PM
Really interesting conversation. I wasn't persuaded by Gurses's argument that the process will advance democratization, but it was useful to hear the case made
Reposted by William Armstrong
Final episode of 2026 📢
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Mehmet Gurses on the transformation of Turkey’s Kurdish issue
Turkey Book Talk #260 – Mehmet Gurses, director of Kurdish Studies at the University of Central Florida, on his article “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in the jour…
turkeybooktalk.com
December 23, 2025 at 12:35 PM
Final episode of 2026 📢
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Mehmet Gurses on “Turkey’s Kurdish Conflict Transformed”, recently published in Current History.
The conversation puts the PKK’s transformations in historical context and weighs up possible shifts triggered by the current dialogue process
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/23/m...
Reposted by William Armstrong
ICYMI, published something yesterday about the EU's advancing plans to largely end the bloc's status as a safe haven for asylum seekers while labeling states that regularly persecute dissidents, like Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco and Turkey, "safe countries":
www.middleeasteye.net/news/eu-prov...
www.middleeasteye.net/news/eu-prov...
'End to right of asylum': EU provisionally approves legislation fast-tracking rejections
Dissidents criticise new legislation fast-tracking asylum rejections from Egypt, Tunisia, Turkey and Morocco
www.middleeasteye.net
December 19, 2025 at 2:26 PM
ICYMI, published something yesterday about the EU's advancing plans to largely end the bloc's status as a safe haven for asylum seekers while labeling states that regularly persecute dissidents, like Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco and Turkey, "safe countries":
www.middleeasteye.net/news/eu-prov...
www.middleeasteye.net/news/eu-prov...
Questions mounting in Turkey over lack of progress in Chinese electric vehicle giant BYD’s investment, despite a $1bn deal to build a factory signed in 2024.
www.ntv.com.tr/galeri/otomo...
www.ntv.com.tr/galeri/otomo...
BYD'nin Türkiye fabrikasına ne oldu? | NTV Haber
Çinli otomotiv devi BYD'nin Manisa'da kuracağı fabrikaya ilişkin girişim yaşanmazken İTO Başkanı Şekib Avdagiç, projenin hayata geçirilmediğini ifade etti.
www.ntv.com.tr
December 19, 2025 at 12:33 PM
Questions mounting in Turkey over lack of progress in Chinese electric vehicle giant BYD’s investment, despite a $1bn deal to build a factory signed in 2024.
www.ntv.com.tr/galeri/otomo...
www.ntv.com.tr/galeri/otomo...
Reposted by William Armstrong
Returning to Syria is more of an older generation's project than a younger one. The older generation is nostalgic and wants to return despite the risks. The younger generation has roots in Turkey and applies a cost–benefit analysis to delay/reject return.
www.turkeyrecap.com/p/little-ale...
www.turkeyrecap.com/p/little-ale...
Little Aleppo’s long goodbye: Young Syrians in Adana think twice about moving ‘home’
ADANA—A long, narrow, color-splashed street gets bustling as the sun sets.
www.turkeyrecap.com
December 11, 2025 at 10:09 AM
Returning to Syria is more of an older generation's project than a younger one. The older generation is nostalgic and wants to return despite the risks. The younger generation has roots in Turkey and applies a cost–benefit analysis to delay/reject return.
www.turkeyrecap.com/p/little-ale...
www.turkeyrecap.com/p/little-ale...
Reposted by William Armstrong
New episode 📢📢
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
Turkey Book Talk #259 – Reuben Silverman on “The Rise and Fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party: The Cold War and Illiberalism, 1945–60” (Cambridge University Press). It is an excellent book …
turkeybooktalk.com
December 9, 2025 at 1:40 PM
New episode 📢📢
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reposted by William Armstrong
Great episode with a great historian on his great new book 🎧👇
New episode 📢📢
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
Turkey Book Talk #259 – Reuben Silverman on “The Rise and Fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party: The Cold War and Illiberalism, 1945–60” (Cambridge University Press). It is an excellent book …
turkeybooktalk.com
December 9, 2025 at 5:54 PM
Great episode with a great historian on his great new book 🎧👇
Great episode with a great historian on his great new book 🎧👇
New episode 📢📢
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman (@reubensilverman.bsky.social) on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
👇👇
turkeybooktalk.com/2025/12/09/r...
Reuben Silverman on the rise and fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party
Turkey Book Talk #259 – Reuben Silverman on “The Rise and Fall of Turkey’s Democrat Party: The Cold War and Illiberalism, 1945–60” (Cambridge University Press). It is an excellent book …
turkeybooktalk.com
December 9, 2025 at 5:54 PM
Great episode with a great historian on his great new book 🎧👇
Reposted by William Armstrong
Öcalan warns against attempts at sabotage and the persistence of a “coup mentality.” As on many issues (the centrality of the Turkish-Kurdish alliance, for example), the PKK leader is fully aligned with the rhetoric (and worldview) of the regime's actors.
www.demparti.org.tr/tr/basina-ve...
www.demparti.org.tr/tr/basina-ve...
December 3, 2025 at 1:09 PM
Öcalan warns against attempts at sabotage and the persistence of a “coup mentality.” As on many issues (the centrality of the Turkish-Kurdish alliance, for example), the PKK leader is fully aligned with the rhetoric (and worldview) of the regime's actors.
www.demparti.org.tr/tr/basina-ve...
www.demparti.org.tr/tr/basina-ve...
Reposted by William Armstrong
"For Kurds, the choice then looks like this: remain guardians of a besieged, quasi-statelet, or become junior but entrenched partners in a larger, Turkish-centred regional order that they can also influence from within. Öcalan’s bet is clearly on the second"
thenationalcontext.com/abdullah-oca...
thenationalcontext.com/abdullah-oca...
Ocalan’s Ascent to ‘Father of the Kurds’: The PKK’s Ideologue and ‘Semi-Divine’ Centre of Gravity
This past week, three MPs who together represent a majority in the Turkish parliament flew by helicopter to the island prison of İmralı in the Sea of
thenationalcontext.com
November 30, 2025 at 8:40 AM
"For Kurds, the choice then looks like this: remain guardians of a besieged, quasi-statelet, or become junior but entrenched partners in a larger, Turkish-centred regional order that they can also influence from within. Öcalan’s bet is clearly on the second"
thenationalcontext.com/abdullah-oca...
thenationalcontext.com/abdullah-oca...