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• Convert gas & oil boilers to DH
• Build low-temperature DH
• Integrate large heat pumps & thermal storage
• Recover surplus heat where cost-effective
• Ensure thermal infrastructure evolves in parallel w electricity, Without heat grids, EU cannot capture these resources
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Without DH integration, Europe locks in higher heat losses and higher system costs. With integration, digital growth becomes a thermal resource, not a burden.
The agreement aligns with the broader strategy in Heat Roadmap Europe.
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• Sector coupling must happen on the ground, not only in policy papers
• Recovered heat reduces fuel use, emissions and peak electricity demand

AI-ready datacentres mean rapidly rising electricity consumption – and large volumes of local waste heat.
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It is a textbook example of the Heat Roadmap Europe findings:

• Europe has massive, untapped surplus-heat resources (>2 PWh) • Datacentres are among the fastest-growing sources (up to 200 TWh) • Low-temperature DH is the enabling infrastructure
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Climate-neutral, secure and competitive energy systems, needs EU to treat electricity, hydrogen and heat infrastructure as complementary pillars, not separate silos.

..for system integration, competitiveness, and reducing fossil-fuel imports - EU needs a parallel infrastructure thermal mechanism for heat, similar to PCI.

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Large heat pumps, district heating/cooling, thermal storage, and industrial waste-heat recovery are among EU's most cost-effective decarbonisation and energy-efficiency options. Yet they remain outside the TEN-E PCI framework.

Given the scale of heating and cooling demand and their importance..
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A major improvement compared to earlier TEN-E cycles, which over-prioritised natural gas w risks locking in higher consumption.

One major gap remains in PCI/PMI: thermal energy infrastructure.
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Europe’s security-of-supply challenges is on the electricity side, driven by deep electrification, large onshore/offshore wind deployment.
The emphasis on hydrogen and electrolyser infrastructure also supports industrial decarbonisation and sector coupling - though not without considerable risks.
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• >70% of e-SAF costs come from electricity for hydrogen
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

#SustainableAviationFuel #ESAF #Hydrogen #Aviation #EnergySystems #DistrictHeating #Denmark

• SOECs improve efficiency via heat integration, but higher CAPEX and shorter stack life still favour alkaline electrolysers today
• In a 2045 100% renewable Danish system, large-scale e-SAF requires major offshore wind and electrolyser rollout – and strict additionality for the power used
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• With wind power at ~30 €/MWh + by-product revenues (especially excess heat to district heating), e-SAF can reach ~0.5–1.1 €/L and compete with fossil jet fuel
• Biomass gasification is most energy-efficient but increases biomass demand; point-source CO₂ needs more renewables but less biomass
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Zero and negative prices ARE part of any future. The real question is: what happens in all the other hours?

📉 Negative prices are both a sign of success and a wake-up call. They show that we are producing plenty of electricity - but also that we must accelerate large flexible demands - and the largest potential i in district heating across Europe.

In that light, it’s even harder to see how nuclear could be profitable in this environment, with much higher capital costs.

The record is also a signal: consumers with flexible demand can win — from EVs and smart charging to industries and large-scale heat pumps.
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👉 This is not just a market curiosity. It is a real struggle for new wind power projects. Revenues become harder to predict, financing costs rise, and investors hesitate. PPAs are becoming essential to make projects thrive. 👇

✅ On one hand, it shows the success of renewables: wind and solar are pushing prices down, sometimes below zero. Great for competitiveness + electrification.

❓ On the other: who will invest in new generation capacity — whether backup plants (via capacity mechanisms) or new wind farms.
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