Flo Débarre
@flodebarre.bsky.social
11K followers 2.3K following 1K posts
Personal account Evolutionary biologist, senior scientist at CNRS/Sorbonne Université Interests: origins and control of infectious diseases and conspiracy theories; diversity in science; scientific publishing https://www.normalesup.org/~fdebarre/ EN & FR
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flodebarre.bsky.social
Thread of threads:
A chronology of the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic
(It is not exhaustive, but hopefully it is representative.)

🧵
Reposted by Flo Débarre
nanoporous.net
Les MOFs, récompensés par le prix Nobel de chimie, qu’est-ce que c’est ? Quelques ressources ci-dessous ⏬️
alexis-verger.cpesr.fr
Pour célébrer le prix nobel de chimie, si on réécoutait @nanoporous.net sur @franceculture.fr en 2019 nous parler de ces fameuses structures métallo-organiques poreuses (MOFs)

www.radiofrance.fr/francecultur...
flodebarre.bsky.social
Ahah, sorry! There was a media frenzy about the name in France a couple of weeks ago.
Some people blamed the variants trackers who like alt names for "Frankenstein", but it seems to be a separate phenomenon.
flodebarre.bsky.social
I did not want to be too pedantic (the whole thread already is in some way) -- but the alt text of the cover image does contain the word "creature" especially for this purpose ;-)
flodebarre.bsky.social
Oui, il y a eu une forme d'emballement médiatique en France. Je ne sais pas exactement qui l'a lancé -- peut-être via un chroniqueur tv, mais peut-être avant, je n'ai pas creusé. @nicolasberrod.bsky.social saura peut-être
flodebarre.bsky.social
I had this thread in mind for a couple of weeks already, your posts gave me the energy to do it at last!

bsky.app/profile/flod...
flodebarre.bsky.social
You may have seen the name "Frankenstein variant"; in France, it's been all over the news, but it's not an official name. Where does it come from?

A thread on various uses of the name "Frankenstein" in news articles during #Covid: ▫️1/7
illustration with Boris Karloff as Frankenstein's creature, and a SARS-CoV-2 virus
flodebarre.bsky.social
▶️ Throughout the Covid pandemic, "Frankenstein" has been used in news articles:
- as a qualifier, to convey fear;
- still as a qualifier, to refer to the chimeric nature of recombinants;
- as a proper noun, for a specific variant -- apparently all because of a Daily Mail title. ▫️7/end
flodebarre.bsky.social
Beyond recombinants, "Frankenstein" and derivatives were also used to mean scary.
Omicron was "Frankensteinish" in late 2021, while "Frankenvirus" was used in a 2020 article speculating about recombination with other viruses -- again, to convey fear ▫️6/7
web.musc.edu/about/news-c...
screenshot of linked website ‘Almost Frankensteinish’ Omicron variant worrying, but don’t panic, scientist says
Helen Adams  November 29, 2021 « Frankenvirus » : et si le coronavirus se combinait avec un autre virus ?

Article de Céline Deluzarche publié le 18/10/2020
Le SARS-CoV-2 est probablement issu de la combinaison de deux coronavirus qui ont infecté le même animal. Et si ce processus se répétait chez l'humain et aboutissait à une nouvelle pandémie ? Une hypothèse peu probable, mais pas invraisemblable.
De nombreuses craintes ont émergé ces derniers mois sur une possible mutation du SARS-CoV-2, qui l'aurait rendu plus virulent ou plus infectieux. Mais c'est une autre menace qui inquiète aujourd'hui certains chercheurs : celui d'une recombinaison du virus avec un autre coronavirus commun, ce qui donnerait un nouvel hybride et une nouvelle pandémie.

Source: https://www.futura-sciences.com/sante/actualites/coronavirus-sars-cov-2-deux-variants-dangereux-sont-combines-nouveau-virus-83001/ (sorry for putting it here, there was no space left in the post for a second URL)
flodebarre.bsky.social
But uses of "Frankenstein" for recombinants largely predate XFG. The earliest I found is from March 2022 on @npr.org about a Delta x Omicron recombinant
(keep this one in mind for another thread another day) ▫️5/7

www.npr.org/sections/goa...
screenshot of linked website 

Delta and omicron met up inside 1 person and made the Frankenstein hybrid 'deltacron'
March 23, 2022 4:34 PM ET
Michaeleen Doucleff
flodebarre.bsky.social
The name "Frankenstein" has been used several times to illustrate the concept of recombinant, including shortly before the Daily Mail article, in an article on the @gavi.org website (I do not know if this article was used as source by the DM). ▫️4/7
www.gavi.org/vaccineswork...
screenshot from linked website. 

“We started with mythological creatures (e.g., Orthrus, Kraken), then astronomical names (e.g., Eris, Pirola), and this time around we've used some terms from meteorology including the cloud types Nimbus and Stratus.”

3. These are Frankenstein variants, built from genetic recombination
NB.1.8.1 has a tangled family tree. It is a hybrid virus, built from a process called recombination, where several viruses – all versions of the Omicron COVID variant -infect the same cell and swap genetic material. It is descended from XDV -- a hybrid of JN.1 and XDE (a hybrid of GW.5.1 and FL.13.4).
[illustration]
flodebarre.bsky.social
The July blip in the previous post seems to have been caused by an alarmist title by the Daily Mail -- as often, the DM is driving the news.

In the article, however, "Frankenstein" was not used as a variant name, but as a qualifier, because XFG is a recombinant... ▫️3/7
screenshot of Daily Mail article. 
Title: Covid alert! New 'super-contagious Frankenstein' variant has rocketed four-fold in just a month...experts warn it could be most infectious yet

By JOHN ELY DEPUTY HEALTH EDITOR FOR MAILONLINE
Published: 11:51 EDT, 3 July 2025 | Updated: 15:10 EDT, 3 July 2025

[...]

Stratus—a descendent of the already super virulent Omicron—is what is known as a Frankenstein or 'recombinant' strain.
This means it emerged when a person was infected with two Covid strains at once which then became a new hybrid variant. 
(Full text at https://archive.ph/t9jJJ)
flodebarre.bsky.social
"Frankenstein" is currently used to refer to the XFG variant, which is a recombinant, as the "X" in its technical name indicates. The "Frankenstein" name is not official, and seems to be used only because other media also used it. But who started the trend? ▫️2/7
screenshot of Google Trends for "frankenstein variant" since June 2025. A blip in early July and then a sharp increase at the end of September. The map shows it's most used in France
flodebarre.bsky.social
You may have seen the name "Frankenstein variant"; in France, it's been all over the news, but it's not an official name. Where does it come from?

A thread on various uses of the name "Frankenstein" in news articles during #Covid: ▫️1/7
illustration with Boris Karloff as Frankenstein's creature, and a SARS-CoV-2 virus
flodebarre.bsky.social
This time, it seems to come from a July 2025 article in the Daily Mail, that may itself have used a mid-June article on the GAVI @gavi.org website, that used the name "Frankenstein" to refer to the fact that it is a recombinant.
www.gavi.org/vaccineswork...
cc @pasteur.fr @lindageddes.bsky.social
screenshot of the Daily Mail article

Covid alert! New 'super-contagious Frankenstein' variant has rocketed four-fold in just a month...experts warn it could be most infectious yet
 READ MORE: WHO says it can't rule out Covid having come from a Chinese lab
By JOHN ELY, DEPUTY HEALTH EDITOR

[...]
Stratus—a descendent of the already super virulent Omicron—is what is known as a Frankenstein or 'recombinant' strain. screenshot from CEPI website

3. These are Frankenstein variants, built from genetic recombination
flodebarre.bsky.social
who does not have a Wikipedia page
flodebarre.bsky.social
TIL that you can put language-specific formulas in an Excel file, that make your file unusable by people who have Excel in another language.

(I spent some time debugging a file that had a formula containing "Faux" instead of FALSE)
Reposted by Flo Débarre
dieworkwear.bsky.social
the best answer i got for this:
awaitsync on Threads writes: "Metrognome"
flodebarre.bsky.social
They can be found by clicking on the "🔰 Saved" item in the left menu
Screenshot of the phone app showing the menu
flodebarre.bsky.social
J'ai trouvé un bout de réponse sur le site de l'OMSA. Il y a eu des cas dans le 12e et dans le 7e arrondissement. Pour le 7e, c'est peut-être à l'École Militaire. Le 12e, probablement pour le bois de Vincennes.

wahis.woah.org#/in-review/6...
capture d'écran du site de l'OMSA pour West Nile, montrant les deux arrondissements
flodebarre.bsky.social
Oui, et c'est bien pour ça que je me demande : si c'est la Garde Républicaine, c'est un peu plus une info que si c'est un "banal" centre équestre
flodebarre.bsky.social
Interesting interview of @peterdaszak.bsky.social by @nicolascgrey.bsky.social on the personal consequences of having become a public villain in a set of conspiracy theories

www.thisrobotdreaming.com/blog/intervi...
flodebarre.bsky.social
Je suis curieuse de savoir ce que sont les cas équins dans Paris
Reposted by Flo Débarre
Reposted by Flo Débarre
marspidermonkey.bsky.social
As a primatologist, Jane Goodall was a huge inspiration to me. I admired the way she describes chimpanzee behavior with such detail and empathy, and she’s inspired so many people and advocated for chimpanzee conservation and welfare.

However, I'm dismayed at what her narrative leaves out (1/10)
Photo of Jane Goodall in the center, signing a book, with three women standing slightly hunched behind her. A very young Michelle is to the right, smiling.