We observed a clear dose-response relationship: higher daily cigarette consumption correlates with more severe depressive symptoms, while the risk decreases the longer an individual has remained abstinent.

Our analysis reveals that both lifetime and current depression are lowest in never-smokers, highest in current smokers, and intermediate in former smokers.

Happy to share this: we confirmed a significant link between smoking and depression using data from the @nako.de. Our analysis of over 170,000 participants shows that both current and former smokers face a higher lifetime risk of depression. #MentalHealth #ResearchNews #PublicHealth

Strong genetic correlations were found between BPD and psychiatric conditions like PTSD, depression, ADHD, and antisocial behavior. Shared genetic risk with medical conditions further highlights the interplay between mental and physical health.