Tim Sandhu
timsandhu.bsky.social
Tim Sandhu
@timsandhu.bsky.social
computational psychiatry post doc @ cambridge
https://timothysandhu.github.io/
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
🧵 New paper! Five years ago, we, @fuzefovsky.bsky.social, Dr Alal Eran, and I, introduced empathic disequilibrium, the mismatch between cognitive and emotional empathy. In our article published in @cp-trendscognsci.bsky.social, we discuss the theoretical and clinical implications of the concept.
Empathic disequilibrium: theoretical implications and clinical relevance
Empathy is central to social cognition, yet efforts to link it with neurodiverse and clinical conditions have yielded contradictory findings, often reinforcing a deficit-focused narrative that conflic...
www.cell.com
November 24, 2025 at 6:54 PM
I updated a blog which I wrote a few years ago about PhD applications. There's a mix of reflections and practical tips which should be useful for anyone thinking about applying for a PhD (at predominantly UK institutions). Please share if it could be helpful! timothysandhu.github.io/blog/phd_blog/
how to apply for PhD's | Timothy R. Sandhu
a rough guide to PhD apps
timothysandhu.github.io
November 24, 2025 at 2:06 PM
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
Congrats to Ella for her new paper! She asked a really interesting question about how the brain represents uncertainty during hidden state inference, and in a lovely crossover with theoretical work, she shows that in mice, acetylcholine dynamics play a crucial role. www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
Acetylcholine reflects uncertainty during hidden state inference
To act adaptively, animals must infer features of the environment that cannot be observed directly, such as which option is currently rewarding, or which context they are in. These internal estimates,...
www.biorxiv.org
November 14, 2025 at 9:57 AM
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
This work is now out in Nature Communications! 🎉

Computational signatures of uncertainty are reflected in motor cortex excitatory neurochemistry: www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-64702-6

Huge thanks to our amazing team! @beckyneuro.bsky.social @campsydept.bsky.social @camneuro.bsky.social
November 5, 2025 at 1:26 PM
Long overdue update prompted by submitting my hardbound thesis: I successfully defended my PhD earlier this year and have started a postdoc with @beckyneuro.bsky.social! Excited for more adventures in uncertainty with an amazing team.
October 16, 2025 at 11:54 AM
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
Mental and metabolic health are closely linked - but what drives this connection? In our new theory paper, we (w/ @camillanord.bsky.social & @hugofleming.bsky.social g.bsky.social) propose dysregulation of interoceptive energy allostasis as a key mechanism.
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... 🧵 1/n
An interoceptive model of energy allostasis linking metabolic and mental health
Interactions between metabolic interoception and regulation may drive comorbidity between mental and metabolic ill-health.
www.science.org
September 25, 2025 at 10:39 AM
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
Adaptive learning is coordinated across behaviour, time and neurobiology (from synapses and dendrites, to astrocytes and the systems level).

If you’ve ever wondered how noradrenaline helps shape these multiscale learning processes, you might like this: www.cell.com/trends/cogni...
August 29, 2025 at 1:35 AM
Reposted by Tim Sandhu
so, so excited to share our new theory which endeavours to answer why depression and poor metabolic health go hand-in-hand: "An interoceptive model of energy allostasis linking metabolic and mental health" 💪🧠🔋 @saramehrhof.bsky.social
@hugofleming.bsky.social

osf.io/preprints/ps...
OSF
osf.io
April 28, 2025 at 9:42 AM