By age 20 diagnosis rates for men and women almost equal, research finds, challenging assumptions of gender discrepancy

By age 20 diagnosis rates for men and women almost equal, research finds, challenging assumptions of gender discrepancy

Background: Pediatric specialist shortages and rapidly rising autism prevalence rates have compelled primary care clinicians to consider playing a greater role in the autism diagnostic process. The ECHO Autism: Early Diagnosis Program (EDx) prepares clinicians to screen, evaluate, differentiate, diagnose and provide longitudinal care for autistic children in primary care settings. Canvas Dx is a prescription-only Software as a Medical Device designed to support clinical diagnosis or rule out of autism, including in primary care settings. It is FDA authorized for use, in conjunction with clinical judgement, in 18-72-month-olds with indicators of developmental delay. Objective: To assess the #feasibility and impact of integrating the Device into the ECHO Autism: EDx workflow. Time from the first clinical question of developmental delay to autism diagnosis is the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints explore clinician and caregiver experience of Device use. Methods: Children aged 18-72-months-olds with concern for developmental delay indicated by either a caregiver or health professionals were eligible to participate in this prospective observational study. Experienced ECHO Autism: EDx Clinicians were recruited to evaluate the inclusion of the Device as part of their diagnostic evaluations. Outcome data was collected via a combination of electronic questionnaires, standard clinical care record reviews and analysis of Device outputs. Institutional Review Board Approval was provided by the University of Missouri-Columbia (IRB assigned project number 2075722). Results: 80 children and seven clinicians completed the study. On average, time from clinical concern at study enrollment to final autism diagnosis was 39.22 days, compared to 180-264 day waits at adjacent specialist referral centers. The vast majority (93%) of caregivers reported being satisfied with the ECHO Autism: EDx plus Device evaluation their child received and endorsed that they would recommend it to others and that they felt comfortable using the Device. The Device produced determinate autism predictions or rule outs for 52.50% of participants, and in all cases these were consistent with the final clinical determination. Participating clinicians reported Device use was feasible and reduced several challenges associated with their previous diagnostic process, however, they noted it did not obviate the need for additional structured observation in every case. Conclusions: The ECHO Autism: EDx plus Device workflow offers considerable time savings compared to specialty center referral and was strongly endorsed by caregiver participants. Embedding the Device into the ECHO Autism: EDx workflow was feasible and helped streamline several workflow efficiencies. Clinicians still utilized their training and application and interpretation of DSM-5 criteria when formulating the diagnosis for indeterminate cases. Clinical Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05223374; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05223374?term=NCT05223374&rank=1.

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We talked to Easterseals SoCal's Crystal Leonard about the importance of early detection, key signs to watch for, and what to do about disparities in access.

We talked to Easterseals SoCal's Crystal Leonard about the importance of early detection, key signs to watch for, and what to do about disparities in access.