Carlos Diaz Ruiz
@carlosdiazruiz.com
Associate Professor at Hanken in Finland. I write about the consumer culture and advertising markets that allow disinformation to thrive on social media.
Author of the book "Market-Oriented Disinformation Research."
https://www.carlosdiazruiz.com
Author of the book "Market-Oriented Disinformation Research."
https://www.carlosdiazruiz.com
Pinned
Carlos Diaz Ruiz
@carlosdiazruiz.com
· Oct 14
The Disinformation Economy - Journal of Marketing Management
JMM Special Issue: The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict, and Polarization. Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver & James Pamment
www.jmmnews.com
#CallsForPapers Special Issue on "The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict and Polarization." @jmmnews.bsky.social
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
15 Billion. Meta made 15 billion dollars through fraudulent ads and scams, and this is just from "ads for scams and banned goods." To date, no one knows how much money they make from Ad Fraud, which includes bots clicking on ads that humans do not see.
www.reuters.com/investigatio...
www.reuters.com/investigatio...
www.reuters.com
November 12, 2025 at 11:01 AM
15 Billion. Meta made 15 billion dollars through fraudulent ads and scams, and this is just from "ads for scams and banned goods." To date, no one knows how much money they make from Ad Fraud, which includes bots clicking on ads that humans do not see.
www.reuters.com/investigatio...
www.reuters.com/investigatio...
Thanks for preventing brain drain in the Global South, I guess.
However, it is fascinating to see the US doing a speed-run to reduce its global dominance.
If you were to dismantle the US soft power fast, you could do precisely this (plus ICE and tariffs).
www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
However, it is fascinating to see the US doing a speed-run to reduce its global dominance.
If you were to dismantle the US soft power fast, you could do precisely this (plus ICE and tariffs).
www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
DeSantis urges Florida universities to stop hiring foreign visa workers
Governor tells universities to end use of H-1B visas, though legal experts say states lack authority over federal program
www.theguardian.com
October 31, 2025 at 10:42 AM
Thanks for preventing brain drain in the Global South, I guess.
However, it is fascinating to see the US doing a speed-run to reduce its global dominance.
If you were to dismantle the US soft power fast, you could do precisely this (plus ICE and tariffs).
www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
However, it is fascinating to see the US doing a speed-run to reduce its global dominance.
If you were to dismantle the US soft power fast, you could do precisely this (plus ICE and tariffs).
www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025...
I am delighted to find that my paper is the "most read" at the Journal of Marketing Management.
"Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz.
It is Open Access, so go ahead!
"Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz.
It is Open Access, so go ahead!
October 22, 2025 at 5:37 AM
I am delighted to find that my paper is the "most read" at the Journal of Marketing Management.
"Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz.
It is Open Access, so go ahead!
"Disinformation and fake news as externalities of digital advertising: a close reading of sociotechnical imaginaries in programmatic advertising" by Carlos Diaz Ruiz.
It is Open Access, so go ahead!
Did you know that Google removed its entire ad library of political advertising from 27 countries (7 years), just so that it would not need to comply with the European Union's regulation on transparency of political advertising?
www.404media.co/google-ad-tr...
www.404media.co/google-ad-tr...
Google Just Removed Seven Years of Political Advertising History from 27 Countries
Ahead of the European Union's Regulation on Transparency and Targeting of Political Advertising, Google's Ad Transparency Center no longer shows political ads from any countries in the EU.
www.404media.co
October 14, 2025 at 12:33 PM
Did you know that Google removed its entire ad library of political advertising from 27 countries (7 years), just so that it would not need to comply with the European Union's regulation on transparency of political advertising?
www.404media.co/google-ad-tr...
www.404media.co/google-ad-tr...
#CallsForPapers Special Issue on "The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict and Polarization." @jmmnews.bsky.social
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
The Disinformation Economy - Journal of Marketing Management
JMM Special Issue: The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict, and Polarization. Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver & James Pamment
www.jmmnews.com
October 14, 2025 at 5:33 AM
#CallsForPapers Special Issue on "The Disinformation Economy: Digital Markets of Influence, Conflict and Polarization." @jmmnews.bsky.social
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
Guest Editors: Carlos Diaz Ruiz, Sofia Ulver, & James Pamment.
#disinformation #fakenews #misinformation #adtech
www.jmmnews.com/disinformati...
Nobel Peace Prize 2025: Maria Corina Machado
"Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace. However, we live in a world where democracy is in retreat, where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence."
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace...
"Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace. However, we live in a world where democracy is in retreat, where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence."
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace...
Nobel Peace Prize 2025
The Nobel Peace Prize 2025 was awarded to Maria Corina Machado "for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transi...
www.nobelprize.org
October 10, 2025 at 12:21 PM
Nobel Peace Prize 2025: Maria Corina Machado
"Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace. However, we live in a world where democracy is in retreat, where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence."
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace...
"Democracy is a precondition for lasting peace. However, we live in a world where democracy is in retreat, where more and more authoritarian regimes are challenging norms and resorting to violence."
www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace...
Your ads are funding this.
Dear marketers and advertisers, every time you use your budgets to Google, Meta, TikTok, et al., you do not know and cannot know if your ads are funding this horrific content.
It is not just TikTok. See below
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
Dear marketers and advertisers, every time you use your budgets to Google, Meta, TikTok, et al., you do not know and cannot know if your ads are funding this horrific content.
It is not just TikTok. See below
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
TikTok ‘directs child accounts to pornographic content within a few clicks’
Despite platform’s limits on adult content, study finds it not only accessible but often suggested
www.theguardian.com
October 3, 2025 at 1:00 PM
Your ads are funding this.
Dear marketers and advertisers, every time you use your budgets to Google, Meta, TikTok, et al., you do not know and cannot know if your ads are funding this horrific content.
It is not just TikTok. See below
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
Dear marketers and advertisers, every time you use your budgets to Google, Meta, TikTok, et al., you do not know and cannot know if your ads are funding this horrific content.
It is not just TikTok. See below
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...
When I was a child, I was torn between becoming a pirate or a protector of wildlife. Pirates had ships, but animal protectors had Jane Goodall. I learned about her work after watching "Gorillas in the Mist," which blew my mind.
Today, I learned that the legend Jane Goodall passed away. RIP
Today, I learned that the legend Jane Goodall passed away. RIP
October 2, 2025 at 11:20 AM
When I was a child, I was torn between becoming a pirate or a protector of wildlife. Pirates had ships, but animal protectors had Jane Goodall. I learned about her work after watching "Gorillas in the Mist," which blew my mind.
Today, I learned that the legend Jane Goodall passed away. RIP
Today, I learned that the legend Jane Goodall passed away. RIP
Authoritarianism is boring.
My American friends believe that dictatorships are dramatic with public executions and whatnot. Unlike the movies, dictatorships are unexciting. Life goes on: people get groceries and struggle with bills, as usual.
Losing agency in your own society is mostly boring.
My American friends believe that dictatorships are dramatic with public executions and whatnot. Unlike the movies, dictatorships are unexciting. Life goes on: people get groceries and struggle with bills, as usual.
Losing agency in your own society is mostly boring.
October 2, 2025 at 6:24 AM
Authoritarianism is boring.
My American friends believe that dictatorships are dramatic with public executions and whatnot. Unlike the movies, dictatorships are unexciting. Life goes on: people get groceries and struggle with bills, as usual.
Losing agency in your own society is mostly boring.
My American friends believe that dictatorships are dramatic with public executions and whatnot. Unlike the movies, dictatorships are unexciting. Life goes on: people get groceries and struggle with bills, as usual.
Losing agency in your own society is mostly boring.
They claim that non-human objects have agency (when convenient).
✔️Vaccines cause autism
✔️Tylenol causes damage to pregnant women
✔️Video games radicalize children
But do guns harm people and cause mass shootings?
❌ No, of course not, silly. People kill people; guns are objects and cannot act.
✔️Vaccines cause autism
✔️Tylenol causes damage to pregnant women
✔️Video games radicalize children
But do guns harm people and cause mass shootings?
❌ No, of course not, silly. People kill people; guns are objects and cannot act.
September 30, 2025 at 7:01 AM
They claim that non-human objects have agency (when convenient).
✔️Vaccines cause autism
✔️Tylenol causes damage to pregnant women
✔️Video games radicalize children
But do guns harm people and cause mass shootings?
❌ No, of course not, silly. People kill people; guns are objects and cannot act.
✔️Vaccines cause autism
✔️Tylenol causes damage to pregnant women
✔️Video games radicalize children
But do guns harm people and cause mass shootings?
❌ No, of course not, silly. People kill people; guns are objects and cannot act.
The weather may be grey and the food bland, but being an academic in the Nordic countries is an immense privilege. This is a statement of Nordic universities on academic freedom, to which I wholeheartedly subscribe.
www.hanken.fi/en/news/nord...
www.hanken.fi/en/news/nord...
Nordic universities: Statement on academic freedom and university autonomy
Academic freedom is the cornerstone of higher education and research. It encompasses the right of scholars to pursue truth and knowledge without undue interference, to teach and discuss ideas freely, ...
www.hanken.fi
September 25, 2025 at 12:23 PM
The weather may be grey and the food bland, but being an academic in the Nordic countries is an immense privilege. This is a statement of Nordic universities on academic freedom, to which I wholeheartedly subscribe.
www.hanken.fi/en/news/nord...
www.hanken.fi/en/news/nord...
A breath of fresh air. The Finnish President, Alexander Stubb, delivered a significant speech at the UN on how small countries can have agency and power in a multipolar world. Principles should come first; otherwise, pursuing interests without values will lead to war. youtu.be/NLzUhjf7XQU?...
🇫🇮 Finland - President Addresses United Nations General Debate, 80th Session | #UNGA
YouTube video by United Nations
youtu.be
September 25, 2025 at 6:45 AM
A breath of fresh air. The Finnish President, Alexander Stubb, delivered a significant speech at the UN on how small countries can have agency and power in a multipolar world. Principles should come first; otherwise, pursuing interests without values will lead to war. youtu.be/NLzUhjf7XQU?...
Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Paying for posts on Facebook and TikTok, sharing disinformation, manufacturing polls, preparing for question election integrity.
The Moldova elections on September 28 are targeted for interference.
www.bbc.com/news/article...
The Moldova elections on September 28 are targeted for interference.
www.bbc.com/news/article...
How Russian-funded fake news network aims to disrupt European election - BBC investigation
An undercover reporter discovers a network is offering to pay for social media posts undermining Moldova’s ruling party.
www.bbc.com
September 22, 2025 at 6:51 AM
Paying for posts on Facebook and TikTok, sharing disinformation, manufacturing polls, preparing for question election integrity.
The Moldova elections on September 28 are targeted for interference.
www.bbc.com/news/article...
The Moldova elections on September 28 are targeted for interference.
www.bbc.com/news/article...
Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Truth discernment may not help to overcome misinformation (climate change)
…unfortunately just because people can tell truth from lies doesn’t mean they act on it
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
…unfortunately just because people can tell truth from lies doesn’t mean they act on it
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Truth discernment may not help to overcome misinformation - Nature Climate Change
Scientists increasingly assess interventions against misinformation mainly via truth discernment. However, pursuing truth discernment may not be sufficiently beneficial to society if interventions do ...
www.nature.com
September 8, 2025 at 7:54 PM
Truth discernment may not help to overcome misinformation (climate change)
…unfortunately just because people can tell truth from lies doesn’t mean they act on it
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
…unfortunately just because people can tell truth from lies doesn’t mean they act on it
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
I had the honor of speaking at a security conference about social resilience to disinformation. It explored the dynamics of social media echo chambers, their polarizing effects, and their monetization through digital advertising.
The event was hosted by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
The event was hosted by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
September 2, 2025 at 5:02 AM
I had the honor of speaking at a security conference about social resilience to disinformation. It explored the dynamics of social media echo chambers, their polarizing effects, and their monetization through digital advertising.
The event was hosted by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
The event was hosted by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
In Singapore, presenting at the CENS Workshop on “Addressing the Complexities of Hybrid Threats: Safeguarding Against Evolving Risks and Building Sustainable Resilience” organized by RSIS at Nanyang Technological University.
The topic: social media echo chambers
rsis.edu.sg/event/cens-w...
The topic: social media echo chambers
rsis.edu.sg/event/cens-w...
S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS)
Seminar Abstract National security faces growing challenges from hybrid threats, which combine traditional and unconventional methods deployed by both state and non-state actors to exploit vulnerabili...
rsis.edu.sg
August 27, 2025 at 9:20 AM
In Singapore, presenting at the CENS Workshop on “Addressing the Complexities of Hybrid Threats: Safeguarding Against Evolving Risks and Building Sustainable Resilience” organized by RSIS at Nanyang Technological University.
The topic: social media echo chambers
rsis.edu.sg/event/cens-w...
The topic: social media echo chambers
rsis.edu.sg/event/cens-w...
Do you want to strengthen social resilience against the spread of disinformation online? We have the most incredible gig: a 4-year postdoctoral research position focusing on topics like digital literacy, fact-checking, and hybrid threats. Apply! (also repost)
hanken.rekrytointi.com/paikat/index...
hanken.rekrytointi.com/paikat/index...
Postdoctoral Researcher in Social Resilience to Disinformation / Postdoktoral forskare inom social resiliens mot desinformation
hanken.rekrytointi.com
August 19, 2025 at 12:26 PM
Do you want to strengthen social resilience against the spread of disinformation online? We have the most incredible gig: a 4-year postdoctoral research position focusing on topics like digital literacy, fact-checking, and hybrid threats. Apply! (also repost)
hanken.rekrytointi.com/paikat/index...
hanken.rekrytointi.com/paikat/index...
I will be presenting my award-winning paper on "Disinformation and Echo Chambers," recipient of the 2025 Kinnear/JPPM award, during a virtual session at the American Marketing Academy (AMA).
If you are attending, join me on August 18, 10 am US-CT, Virtual Room 5.
whova.com/portal/webap...
If you are attending, join me on August 18, 10 am US-CT, Virtual Room 5.
whova.com/portal/webap...
2025 Summer Academic Conference Whova Web Portal
August 18 – 24, 2025, Chicago, IL
whova.com
August 17, 2025 at 8:01 AM
I will be presenting my award-winning paper on "Disinformation and Echo Chambers," recipient of the 2025 Kinnear/JPPM award, during a virtual session at the American Marketing Academy (AMA).
If you are attending, join me on August 18, 10 am US-CT, Virtual Room 5.
whova.com/portal/webap...
If you are attending, join me on August 18, 10 am US-CT, Virtual Room 5.
whova.com/portal/webap...
Read my blog post on the disinformation economy. It argues that disinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theories are amplified due to market incentives and business practices, particularly within digital advertising ecosystems. It It is published by @edmo-eu.bsky.social.
edmo.eu/blog/what-is...
edmo.eu/blog/what-is...
What is the Disinformation Economy? (And how to counter it) – EDMO
edmo.eu
August 12, 2025 at 8:00 AM
Read my blog post on the disinformation economy. It argues that disinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theories are amplified due to market incentives and business practices, particularly within digital advertising ecosystems. It It is published by @edmo-eu.bsky.social.
edmo.eu/blog/what-is...
edmo.eu/blog/what-is...
One of the problems of using the term "conspiracy theory" to ridicule Internet nonsense is that conspiracies do exist. People in power can agree with each other to commit or cover up illegal acts to remain in power. Like, I do not know, the Epstein files.
August 12, 2025 at 5:49 AM
One of the problems of using the term "conspiracy theory" to ridicule Internet nonsense is that conspiracies do exist. People in power can agree with each other to commit or cover up illegal acts to remain in power. Like, I do not know, the Epstein files.
We must be very careful when passing counter-disinformation legislation so that it protects democratic freedoms. The autocrats of the world have used anti-disinformation laws to steamroll opposition and dissent to preserve their power.
🔴 Bukele reforma la Constitución de El Salvador para permitir la reelección presidencial indefinida social.elpais.com/l0fa020
Bukele reforma la Constitución para permitir la reelección presidencial indefinida
El cambio constitucional, aprobado por la Asamblea leal al presidente, modifica los cimientos de las reglas del juego electoral
social.elpais.com
August 1, 2025 at 7:05 AM
We must be very careful when passing counter-disinformation legislation so that it protects democratic freedoms. The autocrats of the world have used anti-disinformation laws to steamroll opposition and dissent to preserve their power.
Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
The discussions about big platforms are intense. The systemic risks are real.
Now the #DSA Delegated Act is finally here to ensure data access for researchers. Time to put this system to work.
W @lkseiling.bsky.social, we show how @techpolicypress.bsky.social
www.techpolicy.press/time-to-deli...
Now the #DSA Delegated Act is finally here to ensure data access for researchers. Time to put this system to work.
W @lkseiling.bsky.social, we show how @techpolicypress.bsky.social
www.techpolicy.press/time-to-deli...
Time To Deliver: Stakeholder Roles In The EU’s Delegated Act On Data Access | TechPolicy.Press
The Delegated Act on data access under the DSA provides much-needed clarity about both the access process and expectations towards the actors involved in it.
www.techpolicy.press
July 14, 2025 at 8:02 PM
The discussions about big platforms are intense. The systemic risks are real.
Now the #DSA Delegated Act is finally here to ensure data access for researchers. Time to put this system to work.
W @lkseiling.bsky.social, we show how @techpolicypress.bsky.social
www.techpolicy.press/time-to-deli...
Now the #DSA Delegated Act is finally here to ensure data access for researchers. Time to put this system to work.
W @lkseiling.bsky.social, we show how @techpolicypress.bsky.social
www.techpolicy.press/time-to-deli...
Reposted by Carlos Diaz Ruiz
Open Access Article: On mapping a marketing monstrosity: Barbie, Barbara and the reorientation of literary criticism, by Rachel Ashman, Stephen Brown & Anthony Patterson
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
July 14, 2025 at 9:19 AM
Open Access Article: On mapping a marketing monstrosity: Barbie, Barbara and the reorientation of literary criticism, by Rachel Ashman, Stephen Brown & Anthony Patterson
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....
Back from all the conferences, now it is time to put the phone away and create beautiful memories the the people who matter the most.
July 9, 2025 at 6:24 AM
Back from all the conferences, now it is time to put the phone away and create beautiful memories the the people who matter the most.
Back from London! I had a blast attending the Consumer Culture Theory Conference where I presented my work on social media echo chambers, which argues for a conceptual framework that actually represents the phenomenon we experience online.
#CCT2025 #consumerculture
#CCT2025 #consumerculture
June 28, 2025 at 8:39 AM
Back from London! I had a blast attending the Consumer Culture Theory Conference where I presented my work on social media echo chambers, which argues for a conceptual framework that actually represents the phenomenon we experience online.
#CCT2025 #consumerculture
#CCT2025 #consumerculture