Vice President J.D.

Conservationists hail the ‘desperately needed’ measures and urge greater protection after up to 11% of endangered Tapanuli orangutans wiped out

As Robert F. Kennedy Jr slashes the US childhood vaccine roster, Japan is racing to make up for lost ground after decades of setbacks.

Donald Trump’s unpredictability has sent at least two countries running.

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has published public health considerations regarding the use of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis, commonly known as doxy-PEP, for the...

The recast Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) calls for monitoring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in wastewater of large European agglomerations (≥ 100,000 person equivalents). Guidance on scope and methods is currently in development. Two European Joint Actions share a goal to harmonise procedures and indicators: the European Union (EU)-Wastewater Integrated Surveillance for Public Health (EU-WISH), aiming to strengthen wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) for public health and the EU-Joint Action Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (EU-JAMRAI) 2, providing among others, approaches for environmental surveillance of AMR. An EU-WISH survey in 2024, mapping WBS AMR-related activities across Europe, revealed that of 27 countries surveyed, 11 had an operative AMR WBS system and mainly employed WBS to determine AMR trends, primarily through culture-based analyses, in-depth characterisation of specific bacteria, and quantitative PCR for specific resistance genes. Occasionally metagenomics was used. We argue that prioritising AMR WBS targets should consider the intended objectives of surveillance, which could include uncovering AMR trends and emerging AMR determinants in humans, the assessment of antimicrobial/AMR environmental release, and wastewater treatment efficiency. Targets should be assessed for their public health relevance and the usefulness of complementary information they provide, while integrating measurability, resource efficiency, and expertise from different One Health domains.

BACKGROUND Salmonellosis is the second most notified food-borne infection in Europe. In Czechia (CZ), the notification rate has consistently been above the European average, five times higher in 2013–2022. AIM We aimed to describe the epidemiology of salmonellosis in CZ in 2012–2023 and identify areas for improving surveillance and public health actions. METHODS We extracted data on notified salmonellosis cases from the national surveillance system and analysed the dataset for demographic characteristics, hospitalisation, transmission mode and suspected vehicle, descriptively and by chi-square tests and logistic regression. RESULTS In 2012–2023, 130,990 cases (102.7/100,000 inhabitants) were notified. The overall annual notification rate decreased from 111.7 per 100,000 in 2012–2017 to 94.2 per 100,000 in 2018–2023. Most cases were children and adolescents aged < 15 years (n = 68,370; 52.2%) and most were females (n = 68,425; 52.2%) but males dominated among cases aged < 15 years (35,790/68,370; 52.3%). Few cases were imported (n = 2,627; 2.0%) or outbreak-related (n = 5,361; 4.1%); most were diagnosed in June–October (n = 83,057; 63.4%). Of all notified cases, 22.2% (n = 29,082) were hospitalised. Age of ≥ 40 years was associated with hospitalisation and Salmonella sepsis (p < 0.001). Transmission mode was identified for 59,729 (45.6%) cases. CONCLUSION Despite a decline, the notification rates of salmonellosis remain high in CZ. The effectiveness of the surveillance system is reflected in relatively low hospitalisation rates compared with some other European countries, yet the source and transmission mode were unidentified in over half of the cases. We encourage enhancing epidemiological investigations, improving sample submission to the National Reference Laboratory and molecular surveillance.

In November 2023, the UK Health Security Agency was notified of PCR-confirmed group B (MenB) invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in a 3-year-old child (Case A), followed by probable IMD in a 2-year-old (Case B, culture and PCR tests negative) attending the same nursery. An incident management team (IMT) was convened. Both children were fully vaccinated with the MenB vaccine 4CMenB (Bexsero, GSK Biologicals). All 39 children attending the nursery and nine staff received ciprofloxacin chemoprophylaxis preceded by pharyngeal swabbing. Pharyngeal swabbing yielded two MenB isolates matching Case A. Antibiotic sensitivity testing and assessment of 4CMenB vaccine coverage using the meningococcal antigen typing system (MATS) revealed the strain was not covered by the 4CMenB vaccine. Although the alternative MenB vaccine, MenB-fHbp (Trumenba, Pfizer), is only licensed from 10 years and has never been given to children previously immunised with 4CMenB, the IMT considered the benefits of outbreak control outweighed potential risks. Two doses were given 4 weeks apart to 38 children (one family declined) and all staff; there were no serious adverse events. Our findings highlight the utility of swabbing to identify outbreak strains and provide first evidence for safe use of the MenB-fHbp vaccine in children previously vaccinated with 4CMenB.

In October–November 2025, eight autochthonous cases of monkeypox (MPXV) clade Ib virus infection were reported in the Netherlands. All cases were men who have sex with men aged 25–65; none required hospital admission or antiviral treatment. Phylogenetic analysis combined with contact tracing suggest multiple introductions or cryptic circulation with onwards transmission within the community. Highly related international sequences were identified dating back to August 2025, indicating sustained global community transmission of clade Ib outside the African continent.

eurosurveillance.org is the online home of Eurosurveillance, Europe's journal on infectious disease surveillance, epidemiology, prevention and control.

hurricane matthew/cholera/maternal mortality rate

In post-Davos speech, Canadian PM jabs at Trump, saying the arc of history ‘can still bend towards progress and justice’

Trump’s tariff retreat should lull nobody into dropping their guard. The EU must join forces with Canada, Japan and other like-minded countries, says Paul Taylor of the European Policy Centre

Arizona has seen 12 cases so far in 2026.

Minnesota and Kansas have had the most commercial poultry detections in the past month.

Without citing evidence, Ken Paxton said he is targeting a purported system that illegally incentivizes providers to recommend vaccines that are "not proven to be safe or necessary."