Georg Zachmann
@gzachmann.bsky.social
senior fellow - energy & climate policy -
@bruegel_org
Scientific Lead - GreenDealUkraїna -
@HZBde
@bruegel_org
Scientific Lead - GreenDealUkraїna -
@HZBde
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Considering structurally lower natural gas demand (≈ - 25%) storages are looking quite healthy for this time of year.
✔️ The result - TTF gas prices drop below €30 for the first time in a long time
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
✔️ The result - TTF gas prices drop below €30 for the first time in a long time
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
November 25, 2025 at 9:33 AM
Considering structurally lower natural gas demand (≈ - 25%) storages are looking quite healthy for this time of year.
✔️ The result - TTF gas prices drop below €30 for the first time in a long time
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
✔️ The result - TTF gas prices drop below €30 for the first time in a long time
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
The importance of the internal electricity market to balance the German electricity system is increasing fast.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
November 24, 2025 at 1:46 PM
The importance of the internal electricity market to balance the German electricity system is increasing fast.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
The importance of the internal electricity market to balance the German electricity system is increasing fast.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
November 24, 2025 at 1:46 PM
The importance of the internal electricity market to balance the German electricity system is increasing fast.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
When demand is high and/or wind & solar generation low (i.e., residual demand is high) Germany imports.
When wind & solar generation is high and/or demand low Germany exports.
Let’s hope megaphone diplomacy is used to persuade, not to assign blame.
Under no circumstances are we going to accept this text. Nothing that is remotely close to what is now on the table.
Yes, we do have a few more hours left.
You can count on us to do our absolute utmost to deliver #COP30
See my remarks this morning 👉🏻 ec.europa.eu/commission/p...
Yes, we do have a few more hours left.
You can count on us to do our absolute utmost to deliver #COP30
See my remarks this morning 👉🏻 ec.europa.eu/commission/p...
November 21, 2025 at 4:08 PM
Let’s hope megaphone diplomacy is used to persuade, not to assign blame.
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
📎 The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity.
We argue that the inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
@gzachmann.bsky.social and Rouven Stubbe
@bruegel.org
www.bruegel.org/analysis/cas...
We argue that the inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
@gzachmann.bsky.social and Rouven Stubbe
@bruegel.org
www.bruegel.org/analysis/cas...
November 20, 2025 at 9:43 AM
📎 The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity.
We argue that the inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
@gzachmann.bsky.social and Rouven Stubbe
@bruegel.org
www.bruegel.org/analysis/cas...
We argue that the inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
@gzachmann.bsky.social and Rouven Stubbe
@bruegel.org
www.bruegel.org/analysis/cas...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
💡 The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity
🔌 Will applying CBAM to electricity do more harm than good to Europe's climate goals?
🖊️ @bmcwilliams.bsky.social, Rouven Stubbe and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/azoHSOG
#EconSky
🔌 Will applying CBAM to electricity do more harm than good to Europe's climate goals?
🖊️ @bmcwilliams.bsky.social, Rouven Stubbe and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/azoHSOG
#EconSky
The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity
The inclusion of electricity in CBAM creates more problems than it solves; ways should be found to exempt it
buff.ly
November 20, 2025 at 8:00 AM
💡 The case for delaying the application of the EU’s carbon border levy to electricity
🔌 Will applying CBAM to electricity do more harm than good to Europe's climate goals?
🖊️ @bmcwilliams.bsky.social, Rouven Stubbe and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/azoHSOG
#EconSky
🔌 Will applying CBAM to electricity do more harm than good to Europe's climate goals?
🖊️ @bmcwilliams.bsky.social, Rouven Stubbe and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/azoHSOG
#EconSky
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
🏭 How can carbon credits work better?
🎙️In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Georg Zachmann and Jos Delbeke to discuss how Europe can use its ambitious climate targets to best catalyse global decarbonisation.
Listen here: www.bruegel.org/podcast/how-...
🎙️In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Georg Zachmann and Jos Delbeke to discuss how Europe can use its ambitious climate targets to best catalyse global decarbonisation.
Listen here: www.bruegel.org/podcast/how-...
How can carbon credits work better?
New ideas on reaching climate targets as COP30 gets underway
www.bruegel.org
November 19, 2025 at 4:29 PM
🏭 How can carbon credits work better?
🎙️In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Georg Zachmann and Jos Delbeke to discuss how Europe can use its ambitious climate targets to best catalyse global decarbonisation.
Listen here: www.bruegel.org/podcast/how-...
🎙️In this episode of The Sound of Economics, host Rebecca Christie sits down with Georg Zachmann and Jos Delbeke to discuss how Europe can use its ambitious climate targets to best catalyse global decarbonisation.
Listen here: www.bruegel.org/podcast/how-...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
In a new @bruegel.org policy brief, Monika Morawiecka, Pär Holmberg, Fabien Roques, @gzachmann.bsky.social and I analyse these weaknesses and their implications for European resource adequacy: www.bruegel.org/policy-brief...
Europe’s electricity capacity mechanisms need to be better coordinated
This paper analyses EU capacity mechanisms, their cost and security impacts, and the pros and challenges of deeper regional coordination
www.bruegel.org
November 19, 2025 at 10:21 AM
In a new @bruegel.org policy brief, Monika Morawiecka, Pär Holmberg, Fabien Roques, @gzachmann.bsky.social and I analyse these weaknesses and their implications for European resource adequacy: www.bruegel.org/policy-brief...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
⚡ Europe’s electricity capacity mechanisms need to be better coordinated
🤝 How can the EU build consensus for greater cross-border coordination?
🖊️ By Pär Holmberg, @maurerchr.christophmaurer.de, Monika Morawiecka, Fabien Roques and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/thcJkkR
#EconSky
🤝 How can the EU build consensus for greater cross-border coordination?
🖊️ By Pär Holmberg, @maurerchr.christophmaurer.de, Monika Morawiecka, Fabien Roques and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/thcJkkR
#EconSky
November 18, 2025 at 4:25 PM
⚡ Europe’s electricity capacity mechanisms need to be better coordinated
🤝 How can the EU build consensus for greater cross-border coordination?
🖊️ By Pär Holmberg, @maurerchr.christophmaurer.de, Monika Morawiecka, Fabien Roques and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/thcJkkR
#EconSky
🤝 How can the EU build consensus for greater cross-border coordination?
🖊️ By Pär Holmberg, @maurerchr.christophmaurer.de, Monika Morawiecka, Fabien Roques and @gzachmann.bsky.social
🔗 buff.ly/thcJkkR
#EconSky
President Zelenskyy announced to overhaul the governance of state-owned energy companies.
In a GDU piece published this week, Mattia and Inna Nelles analysed the status and weaknesses of Energoatom's governance - especially large nuclear construction projects.
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
In a GDU piece published this week, Mattia and Inna Nelles analysed the status and weaknesses of Energoatom's governance - especially large nuclear construction projects.
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
November 16, 2025 at 4:19 PM
President Zelenskyy announced to overhaul the governance of state-owned energy companies.
In a GDU piece published this week, Mattia and Inna Nelles analysed the status and weaknesses of Energoatom's governance - especially large nuclear construction projects.
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
In a GDU piece published this week, Mattia and Inna Nelles analysed the status and weaknesses of Energoatom's governance - especially large nuclear construction projects.
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
Daniel Gros argues in Der Standard, that in the rare earth war between China and the US, the US has the upper hand.
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
Chinas Eigentor bei den seltenen Erden
Das Schreckgespenst eines Versorgungsengpasses verblasst rasch, denn die USA haben andere Möglichkeiten, einen etwaigen Mangel auszugleichen. Wenn, sollte sich Xi Jinping Sorgen machen
www.derstandard.at
November 12, 2025 at 8:09 AM
Daniel Gros argues in Der Standard, that in the rare earth war between China and the US, the US has the upper hand.
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
www.derstandard.at/story/300000...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Ukraine’s top anti-corruption authorities searched properties linked to government officials and a former business partner of President Zelenskyy as part of a sweeping investigation into alleged graft in the country’s energy sector.
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
Ukraine raids top officials as energy sector scandal unfolds
Anti-corruption search included properties linked to justice minister and Zelenskyy’s former business partner
www.ft.com
November 10, 2025 at 5:52 PM
Ukraine’s top anti-corruption authorities searched properties linked to government officials and a former business partner of President Zelenskyy as part of a sweeping investigation into alleged graft in the country’s energy sector.
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
w/ @fabricedeprez.bsky.social
www.ft.com/content/ac5c...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
🚆See you in Brussels!
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
November 10, 2025 at 1:00 PM
🚆See you in Brussels!
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
📅14 November 2025, 09:00-17:00 CET
As part of Bruegel’s 20th anniversary celebrations, we organise an event Friday on "Europe’s energy future: balancing climate goals and competitiveness", in collaboration with the National Bank of Belgium.
Register here: buff.ly/ZhpjMIG
Ex post, it seems not surprising traders were not as keen to fill EU gas storages this year (orange) as much as last year (blue). Gas gas prices are lower now, than anytime earlier this year.
November 9, 2025 at 12:01 PM
Ex post, it seems not surprising traders were not as keen to fill EU gas storages this year (orange) as much as last year (blue). Gas gas prices are lower now, than anytime earlier this year.
It would be fascinating to see a causal study showing whether ancient shipbuilding adapted its design (shorter timbers) and sourcing (more distant origins of high quality timbers) in response to the “Mediterranean wood crisis.” A great case to illustrate substitution effects in critical materials.
November 9, 2025 at 11:46 AM
It would be fascinating to see a causal study showing whether ancient shipbuilding adapted its design (shorter timbers) and sourcing (more distant origins of high quality timbers) in response to the “Mediterranean wood crisis.” A great case to illustrate substitution effects in critical materials.
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Historically high imports of American (US) LNG imports landed in the EU during October 2025
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
November 6, 2025 at 9:20 AM
Historically high imports of American (US) LNG imports landed in the EU during October 2025
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
🔢 dataset updated as always by @keliauskaite.bsky.social
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
According to the Telegraph, the UK Treasury plans to introduce a special per-mile tax for electric vehicles from 2028.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
Thursday's TELEGRAPH: Pay per mile tax to hit drivers in Budget #TomorrowsPapersToday
November 6, 2025 at 6:46 AM
According to the Telegraph, the UK Treasury plans to introduce a special per-mile tax for electric vehicles from 2028.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
While making EVs 'also' contribute to roads seems sensible, electricity is already taxed and gasoline taxes internalise climate, pollution, noise & imp_dependency externalities.
Integrating Ukraine into the EU electricity market is key for the development of the UA elec sector & also beneficial for the EU.
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
October 29, 2025 at 10:06 AM
Integrating Ukraine into the EU electricity market is key for the development of the UA elec sector & also beneficial for the EU.
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
A lot of technical progress has been made - yet more regulatory progress needed.
In our new report we discuss crucial next steps:
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
Last year, the EU imported *€90 billion* in clean tech products.
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
October 28, 2025 at 1:58 PM
Last year, the EU imported *€90 billion* in clean tech products.
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
This compares to exports of €83 billion, meaning the EU currently runs a modest net import position.
Data available with breakdowns per product category and trading partner 👇
european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/trade
GDUkraine Figure: CBAM
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
October 28, 2025 at 1:21 PM
GDUkraine Figure: CBAM
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
- 2/3 of Ukraine’s total exports go to EU
- ~15% of those might fall under CBAM, thereof:
* Iron&steel dominate
* Fertilizer exports, once modest, have ceased entirely
* Alu & cement exports' share slightly up
* Electricity exports volatile
www.linkedin.com/posts/green-...
We updated our assessment of the debt situation in the Ukrainian energy sector (now also partially cover heat and gas):
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
October 18, 2025 at 7:50 PM
We updated our assessment of the debt situation in the Ukrainian energy sector (now also partially cover heat and gas):
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
greendealukraina.org/products/ana...
The introduction of Locational Price Signals in the European power market could lead to system savings of € 26-61 bn EACH YEAR by 2040.
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
October 16, 2025 at 11:50 AM
The introduction of Locational Price Signals in the European power market could lead to system savings of € 26-61 bn EACH YEAR by 2040.
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
New JRC study: publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/h...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
European Gas Market update Week 41 @bruegel.org:
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
October 15, 2025 at 8:17 AM
European Gas Market update Week 41 @bruegel.org:
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
-increasing record seasonal LNG imports levels
www.bruegel.org/dataset/euro...
Reposted by Georg Zachmann
PyPSA v1.0 is officially here - 10 years and 2 days since the first git commit. This milestone release brings major new features, completely new documentation, and a fresh landing page - congratulations to all the PyPSA team! 🎉
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
October 14, 2025 at 4:05 PM
PyPSA v1.0 is officially here - 10 years and 2 days since the first git commit. This milestone release brings major new features, completely new documentation, and a fresh landing page - congratulations to all the PyPSA team! 🎉
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org
🔗 New Documentation: docs.pypsa.org
🔗 New Landing Page: pypsa.org