Marko Rummelsburg
@markorummelsburg.bsky.social
Polymath, Space Weather Enthusiast, Berlin ☞ raumwetter.de #AuDHD 🏳️🌈
Synoptic map of the Sun: Only three small active regions are visible on the disc. 4307 is showing some growth.
Transequatorial coronal hole CH08 has now merged with CH06 and is crossing the central meridian. Its fast solar wind is expected to arrive 17 December.
Transequatorial coronal hole CH08 has now merged with CH06 and is crossing the central meridian. Its fast solar wind is expected to arrive 17 December.
December 14, 2025 at 3:36 PM
Synoptic map of the Sun: Only three small active regions are visible on the disc. 4307 is showing some growth.
Transequatorial coronal hole CH08 has now merged with CH06 and is crossing the central meridian. Its fast solar wind is expected to arrive 17 December.
Transequatorial coronal hole CH08 has now merged with CH06 and is crossing the central meridian. Its fast solar wind is expected to arrive 17 December.
☀️ Eruptive C8.9 solar flare from region 4294 near the western limb of the sun. The actual strength of the flare is probably higher, as it is partially obscured by the limb.
December 13, 2025 at 1:00 PM
☀️ Eruptive C8.9 solar flare from region 4294 near the western limb of the sun. The actual strength of the flare is probably higher, as it is partially obscured by the limb.
It took more than 24 hours for this solar filament (prominence) to lift off.
December 12, 2025 at 12:56 PM
It took more than 24 hours for this solar filament (prominence) to lift off.
☀️ M2.0, M1.1 solar flare form regions 4296/4294 with strong radio emissions and some ejected material. At the end of the clip we can see post-eruptive arcades.
The flare in magenta (SDO AIA 131 Å), magnetic loops in green (SDO AIA 171 Å), red: chromosphere with filaments (304 Å) ☀️
The flare in magenta (SDO AIA 131 Å), magnetic loops in green (SDO AIA 171 Å), red: chromosphere with filaments (304 Å) ☀️
December 12, 2025 at 8:31 AM
☀️ M2.0, M1.1 solar flare form regions 4296/4294 with strong radio emissions and some ejected material. At the end of the clip we can see post-eruptive arcades.
The flare in magenta (SDO AIA 131 Å), magnetic loops in green (SDO AIA 171 Å), red: chromosphere with filaments (304 Å) ☀️
The flare in magenta (SDO AIA 131 Å), magnetic loops in green (SDO AIA 171 Å), red: chromosphere with filaments (304 Å) ☀️
An interesting, complicated constellation of coronal holes with many open field lines and adjacent active regions. It is possible that we will see multiple stream interaction regions in the coming days with enhanced geomagnetic activity.
December 11, 2025 at 1:29 PM
An interesting, complicated constellation of coronal holes with many open field lines and adjacent active regions. It is possible that we will see multiple stream interaction regions in the coming days with enhanced geomagnetic activity.
Another clip of the M4.5 flare with e-Callisto radiogram - showing a strong radio burst - actually reaching into the high GHz range - possibly caused strong interference in the microwave spectrum (GPS, ADS-B, Sat Phones etc) for minutes
December 11, 2025 at 11:11 AM
Another clip of the M4.5 flare with e-Callisto radiogram - showing a strong radio burst - actually reaching into the high GHz range - possibly caused strong interference in the microwave spectrum (GPS, ADS-B, Sat Phones etc) for minutes
Eruptive M4.5 solar flare from active region 4294 that is now located near the western limb of the sun.
Impressive field line opening, coronal wave with wiggling field lines and a Moray eel filament.
A westward heading coronal mass ejection is visible in coronagraphs.
Impressive field line opening, coronal wave with wiggling field lines and a Moray eel filament.
A westward heading coronal mass ejection is visible in coronagraphs.
December 11, 2025 at 12:09 AM
Eruptive M4.5 solar flare from active region 4294 that is now located near the western limb of the sun.
Impressive field line opening, coronal wave with wiggling field lines and a Moray eel filament.
A westward heading coronal mass ejection is visible in coronagraphs.
Impressive field line opening, coronal wave with wiggling field lines and a Moray eel filament.
A westward heading coronal mass ejection is visible in coronagraphs.
CME impact with southward magnetic field: Bz -15 nT, speed 500 km/s – strong potential magnetic convection CPCP 191 kV. If it holds G2-G3 geomagnetic storm possible. Substorm expansion over Europe right now. Northern mid latitudes aurora likely.
December 10, 2025 at 9:57 PM
CME impact with southward magnetic field: Bz -15 nT, speed 500 km/s – strong potential magnetic convection CPCP 191 kV. If it holds G2-G3 geomagnetic storm possible. Substorm expansion over Europe right now. Northern mid latitudes aurora likely.
Synoptic Sun
- Flaring regions rotating out of earth's strike zone
- New small regions in the SE
- Large coronal hole CH06- crossing central meridian
- Its fast wind could arrive 12 Dec
- Northern polar C.H. opened up again
- New transequatorial C.H. showing up in the E
- Flaring regions rotating out of earth's strike zone
- New small regions in the SE
- Large coronal hole CH06- crossing central meridian
- Its fast wind could arrive 12 Dec
- Northern polar C.H. opened up again
- New transequatorial C.H. showing up in the E
December 10, 2025 at 11:34 AM
Synoptic Sun
- Flaring regions rotating out of earth's strike zone
- New small regions in the SE
- Large coronal hole CH06- crossing central meridian
- Its fast wind could arrive 12 Dec
- Northern polar C.H. opened up again
- New transequatorial C.H. showing up in the E
- Flaring regions rotating out of earth's strike zone
- New small regions in the SE
- Large coronal hole CH06- crossing central meridian
- Its fast wind could arrive 12 Dec
- Northern polar C.H. opened up again
- New transequatorial C.H. showing up in the E
☀️ SDO extreme ultraviolett base difference imagery shows active regions in the west (right) that are calming down and some plasma movements in the east (left), but without significant signatures in the coronagraphs. ☀️
December 10, 2025 at 9:30 AM
☀️ SDO extreme ultraviolett base difference imagery shows active regions in the west (right) that are calming down and some plasma movements in the east (left), but without significant signatures in the coronagraphs. ☀️
Excerpt of sunspot groups 4296 and 4294
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
December 9, 2025 at 1:43 PM
Excerpt of sunspot groups 4296 and 4294
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
2025-12-06 0000z -
2025-12-09 1000z
Even if you don't know much about ☀️ solar physics ☀️ you may see that there is some significant development going on. (Stay seated. Nothing to worry about.)
A lot of flux emergence and a nasty delta spot in the north of region 4294 indicate the potential for more M-class flares, maybe X-class flares. Most of them have been non-eruptive until recently.
December 9, 2025 at 10:45 AM
A lot of flux emergence and a nasty delta spot in the north of region 4294 indicate the potential for more M-class flares, maybe X-class flares. Most of them have been non-eruptive until recently.
A chain of minor to moderate coronal mass ejections on their way to earth. Not all of them will hit us but we might see synergistic effects if some of them arrive like a pile of pancakes.
December 9, 2025 at 9:13 AM
A chain of minor to moderate coronal mass ejections on their way to earth. Not all of them will hit us but we might see synergistic effects if some of them arrive like a pile of pancakes.
Base difference imagery shows two eruptions associated with M-class flares. One from 4299 in the N (dimming) and one from 4294 in the SE (opening field lines, coronal wave, type II+IV radio burst). It seems like both produced CMEs, let's see if they are earth-directed.
December 9, 2025 at 8:34 AM
Base difference imagery shows two eruptions associated with M-class flares. One from 4299 in the N (dimming) and one from 4294 in the SE (opening field lines, coronal wave, type II+IV radio burst). It seems like both produced CMEs, let's see if they are earth-directed.
Region 4294
flares: yes
eruptions/CMEs: no
(yet)
The whole complex looks scary, though
flares: yes
eruptions/CMEs: no
(yet)
The whole complex looks scary, though
December 9, 2025 at 2:06 AM
Region 4294
flares: yes
eruptions/CMEs: no
(yet)
The whole complex looks scary, though
flares: yes
eruptions/CMEs: no
(yet)
The whole complex looks scary, though
M2.0 solar flare from region 4299. A sigmoid flare structure and dimming areas around the flare are indicative of an eruption.
December 9, 2025 at 2:02 AM
M2.0 solar flare from region 4299. A sigmoid flare structure and dimming areas around the flare are indicative of an eruption.
The awakening of sunspot groups 4296/4294/4298 with M- and X-class flares. Flux emergence near the trailing spot from 4294 in the middle is still ongoing and so the potential for a major eruption is increasing.
December 8, 2025 at 7:25 PM
The awakening of sunspot groups 4296/4294/4298 with M- and X-class flares. Flux emergence near the trailing spot from 4294 in the middle is still ongoing and so the potential for a major eruption is increasing.
The sun's potential magnetic field model PFSS helps us to understand the path/ deflection of erupted material. ☀️
December 8, 2025 at 3:21 PM
The sun's potential magnetic field model PFSS helps us to understand the path/ deflection of erupted material. ☀️
☀️ Active sun is playing with filaments, lighting up with several M-class and one X-class solar flare ☀️
December 8, 2025 at 2:28 PM
☀️ Active sun is playing with filaments, lighting up with several M-class and one X-class solar flare ☀️
At the same time an impulsive, likely non-eruptive M2.0 flare from region 4294 — the first M-class flare from that region in quite some time...
December 8, 2025 at 1:57 AM
At the same time an impulsive, likely non-eruptive M2.0 flare from region 4294 — the first M-class flare from that region in quite some time...
M2.4 solar flare in combination with a small but very dense erupting filament associated with sunspot group 4299 near the central meridian. Coronal mass ejection likely (even though a lot of material was reabsorbed).
December 8, 2025 at 1:47 AM
M2.4 solar flare in combination with a small but very dense erupting filament associated with sunspot group 4299 near the central meridian. Coronal mass ejection likely (even though a lot of material was reabsorbed).
☀️ Active Region 4294 is waking up
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
December 7, 2025 at 1:51 PM
☀️ Active Region 4294 is waking up
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
24 hours, 3 minutes cadence, SDO HMI magnetogram + continuum, SDO AIA 171 Å
60 hours of sunspot groups 4296 & 4294: The trailing spot of 4294 gets highly asymmetrical. We see a lot of opposite polarity flux emergence west (right) and south of it.
December 7, 2025 at 1:05 PM
60 hours of sunspot groups 4296 & 4294: The trailing spot of 4294 gets highly asymmetrical. We see a lot of opposite polarity flux emergence west (right) and south of it.
Running difference is showing coronal waves
December 7, 2025 at 12:13 AM
Running difference is showing coronal waves
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
December 7, 2025 at 12:13 AM
Sunspot Region 4299 ☀️ Two solar flares 1) M1.1 triggered 2) M8.1 - the core filament erupted - both produced a coronal mass ejection 1) slower, to NE 2) faster, earth-directed - possible arrival 8/9 December
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions
Base difference images SDO AIA 171/193/211 is showing dimming regions