Kang Wu
@wukang.bsky.social
Maybe be passionate about bioinformatics, immunotherapy, and diagnosis, haha! Website https://iamhealthy.github.io/
"Thus, the robust efficacy of IV-BCG in SIV+ MCM is retained regardless of anti-BCG drug treatment, indicating that BCG does not need to survive long to provide protection."
"In contrast, SIV control was necessary for full protection induced by IV-BCG."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41510269/
"In contrast, SIV control was necessary for full protection induced by IV-BCG."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41510269/
Viral control is required for intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques - PubMed
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a major global health challenge, especially for people living with HIV (PLWH) not on antiretroviral therapy. We previously showed that intravenous Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (IV-BCG) provides robust protection in SIV+ Mauritian cynomolg …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
January 10, 2026 at 1:16 AM
"Thus, the robust efficacy of IV-BCG in SIV+ MCM is retained regardless of anti-BCG drug treatment, indicating that BCG does not need to survive long to provide protection."
"In contrast, SIV control was necessary for full protection induced by IV-BCG."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41510269/
"In contrast, SIV control was necessary for full protection induced by IV-BCG."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41510269/
Anti-PD-1 therapy (almost exclusively in cancer patients), T2D, malnutrition, HIV, some genetic mutations (MSMD), anti-TNF, and more can lead to tuberculosis.
elifesciences.org/articles/108...
elifesciences.org/articles/108...
January 9, 2026 at 1:59 AM
Anti-PD-1 therapy (almost exclusively in cancer patients), T2D, malnutrition, HIV, some genetic mutations (MSMD), anti-TNF, and more can lead to tuberculosis.
elifesciences.org/articles/108...
elifesciences.org/articles/108...
“The Greenland shark is the longest-living vertebrate on Earth, with an estimated lifespan of up to 400 years.”
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
The visual system of the longest-living vertebrate, the Greenland shark - Nature Communications
The Greenland shark, the longest-living vertebrate, inhabits the dim, frigid depths of the Arctic Ocean. Despite its extreme lifespan, this study finds that its vision remains intact and well-adapted ...
www.nature.com
January 8, 2026 at 1:09 AM
“The Greenland shark is the longest-living vertebrate on Earth, with an estimated lifespan of up to 400 years.”
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Dormant tumor cells.
Dormant pathogens (e.g. dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
www.nature.com/articles/d41...
Dormant pathogens (e.g. dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
www.nature.com/articles/d41...
Why cancer can come back years later — and how to stop it
Researchers are targeting dormant tumour cells that might explain why some cancers reappear long after successful treatment.
www.nature.com
January 7, 2026 at 1:51 AM
Dormant tumor cells.
Dormant pathogens (e.g. dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
www.nature.com/articles/d41...
Dormant pathogens (e.g. dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
www.nature.com/articles/d41...
"Another language returning to the top 10 is R, driven largely by continued growth in data science and statistical computing."
#Rstats slides back into the top 10 programming languages. R is far from dead. www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/
January 5, 2026 at 1:58 AM
"Another language returning to the top 10 is R, driven largely by continued growth in data science and statistical computing."
“super ager — someone who lives into their 80s or beyond without the debilitating chronic conditions (heart disease, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases) that strike so many adults.”
“genetics played almost no role in their exceptionally good health and longevity.”
“genetics played almost no role in their exceptionally good health and longevity.”
January 3, 2026 at 6:39 AM
“super ager — someone who lives into their 80s or beyond without the debilitating chronic conditions (heart disease, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases) that strike so many adults.”
“genetics played almost no role in their exceptionally good health and longevity.”
“genetics played almost no role in their exceptionally good health and longevity.”
"host membrane microdomains as critical platforms exploited by virulent mycobacteria across evolutionary distant host phagocytes"
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477822/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477822/
Membrane microdomains are crucial for Mycobacterium marinum EsxA-dependent membrane damage, escape to the cytosol, and infection - PubMed
<span><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> disrupts the membrane of the <i>Mycobacterium</i>-containing vacuole (MCV) via its EsxA virulence factor, secreted via the ESX-1 system. We identified how pathogenic <i>Mycobacterium marinum</i> exploits host sterol-rich membrane microdomains to induce MCV damage du</span> …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
January 3, 2026 at 1:32 AM
"host membrane microdomains as critical platforms exploited by virulent mycobacteria across evolutionary distant host phagocytes"
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477822/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477822/
“both macrophages and epithelial cells (of iLOC) were infected but not permissive to bacterial replication.”
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477823/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477823/
Autologous human iPSC-derived alveolus-on-chip reveals early pathological events of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection - PubMed
Immunocompetent and experimentally accessible alveolar systems to study human respiratory diseases are lacking. Here, we developed a single-donor human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived lung-on-chip (iLoC) containing type II and I alveolar epithelial cells, vascular endothelial cells, and macrop …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
January 3, 2026 at 1:29 AM
“both macrophages and epithelial cells (of iLOC) were infected but not permissive to bacterial replication.”
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477823/
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41477823/
January 2, 2026 at 12:06 AM
File formats of biology-relevant images:
During acquisition: use the default file format for your microscope and acquisition software.
During analysis: use the default file format for the analysis software you’re using – or OME-TIFF.
bioimagebook.github.io/chapters/1-c...
During acquisition: use the default file format for your microscope and acquisition software.
During analysis: use the default file format for the analysis software you’re using – or OME-TIFF.
bioimagebook.github.io/chapters/1-c...
Files & file formats — Introduction to Bioimage Analysis
bioimagebook.github.io
December 23, 2025 at 11:26 AM
File formats of biology-relevant images:
During acquisition: use the default file format for your microscope and acquisition software.
During analysis: use the default file format for the analysis software you’re using – or OME-TIFF.
bioimagebook.github.io/chapters/1-c...
During acquisition: use the default file format for your microscope and acquisition software.
During analysis: use the default file format for the analysis software you’re using – or OME-TIFF.
bioimagebook.github.io/chapters/1-c...
TIL: a receptor could also be a ligand.
Researchers delineate how a membrane-bound receptor acts as a ligand for the immune inhibitory receptor LAIR-1, findings that may have implications for therapeutic strategies to regulate immune responses. #ScienceSignaling https://scim.ag/4iQ4oib
The scavenger receptor MARCO is a ligand for the immune inhibitory receptor LAIR-1 and regulates its function in cis
Inhibitory signaling by the receptor LAIR-1 in macrophages is suppressed in cis by a scavenger receptor.
scim.ag
December 11, 2025 at 2:26 AM
TIL: a receptor could also be a ligand.
- epithelial cells can be distinguished by positive staining of
various cytokeratins.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40980692/
various cytokeratins.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40980692/
An image analysis pipeline to quantify the spatial distribution of cell markers in stroma-rich tumors - PubMed
Aggressive cancers, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), are often characterized by a complex and desmoplastic tumor microenvironment, a stroma rich supportive connective tissue composed primarily of extracellular matrix (ECM) and non-cancerous cells. Desmoplasia, a dense deposition of s …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
December 5, 2025 at 2:56 PM
- epithelial cells can be distinguished by positive staining of
various cytokeratins.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40980692/
various cytokeratins.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40980692/
This is how to use AI for preparing a scientific manuscript:
"Use of Large Language Models.
We used ChatGPT (OpenAI), model GPT-4o (version gpt-4o-2024-08-06 or gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09), solely to improve grammar and language clarity during manuscript preparation. The prompt used was “Proofread.” "
"Use of Large Language Models.
We used ChatGPT (OpenAI), model GPT-4o (version gpt-4o-2024-08-06 or gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09), solely to improve grammar and language clarity during manuscript preparation. The prompt used was “Proofread.” "
December 5, 2025 at 2:52 AM
This is how to use AI for preparing a scientific manuscript:
"Use of Large Language Models.
We used ChatGPT (OpenAI), model GPT-4o (version gpt-4o-2024-08-06 or gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09), solely to improve grammar and language clarity during manuscript preparation. The prompt used was “Proofread.” "
"Use of Large Language Models.
We used ChatGPT (OpenAI), model GPT-4o (version gpt-4o-2024-08-06 or gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09), solely to improve grammar and language clarity during manuscript preparation. The prompt used was “Proofread.” "
Chemicals widely used to mitigate endogenous autofluorescence are:
- copper sulfate (硫酸铜).
- ammonium chloride (氯化铵).
- Sudan Black B.
- sodium borohydride (钠硼氢化物).
"the chemical modification of the tissue can obscure true signals or compromise tissue integrity."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
- copper sulfate (硫酸铜).
- ammonium chloride (氯化铵).
- Sudan Black B.
- sodium borohydride (钠硼氢化物).
"the chemical modification of the tissue can obscure true signals or compromise tissue integrity."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
An open-source photobleacher for fluorescence imaging of large pigment-rich tissues - PubMed
Fluorescence imaging enables visualization of the specific molecules of interest with high contrast, and the use of multiple fluorophores in a single tissue sample allows visualization of complex relationships between biological molecules, cell types, and anatomy. The utility of fluorescence imaging …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
December 3, 2025 at 8:13 AM
Chemicals widely used to mitigate endogenous autofluorescence are:
- copper sulfate (硫酸铜).
- ammonium chloride (氯化铵).
- Sudan Black B.
- sodium borohydride (钠硼氢化物).
"the chemical modification of the tissue can obscure true signals or compromise tissue integrity."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
- copper sulfate (硫酸铜).
- ammonium chloride (氯化铵).
- Sudan Black B.
- sodium borohydride (钠硼氢化物).
"the chemical modification of the tissue can obscure true signals or compromise tissue integrity."
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
Some human endogenous pigments that interfere with fluorescence-based imaging:
- lipofuscin (脂褐质),
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸),
- flavins (黄素),
- hemoglobin (血红蛋白) and its breakdown products,
- bisretinoids (双视黄醇类)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
- lipofuscin (脂褐质),
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸),
- flavins (黄素),
- hemoglobin (血红蛋白) and its breakdown products,
- bisretinoids (双视黄醇类)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
An open-source photobleacher for fluorescence imaging of large pigment-rich tissues - PubMed
Fluorescence imaging enables visualization of the specific molecules of interest with high contrast, and the use of multiple fluorophores in a single tissue sample allows visualization of complex relationships between biological molecules, cell types, and anatomy. The utility of fluorescence imaging …
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
December 3, 2025 at 7:36 AM
Some human endogenous pigments that interfere with fluorescence-based imaging:
- lipofuscin (脂褐质),
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸),
- flavins (黄素),
- hemoglobin (血红蛋白) and its breakdown products,
- bisretinoids (双视黄醇类)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
- lipofuscin (脂褐质),
- nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD, 烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸),
- flavins (黄素),
- hemoglobin (血红蛋白) and its breakdown products,
- bisretinoids (双视黄醇类)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40961137/
"... through experimental evolution over the course of 30 days, were able to vastly expand the host ranges of these phages to kill a broader range of clinical K. pneumoniae isolates including MDR (multi-drug resistant) and XDR (extensively-drug resistant) isolates."
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
November 26, 2025 at 7:35 AM
"... through experimental evolution over the course of 30 days, were able to vastly expand the host ranges of these phages to kill a broader range of clinical K. pneumoniae isolates including MDR (multi-drug resistant) and XDR (extensively-drug resistant) isolates."
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Small vesicles are everywhere, intracellular and extracellular.
Vesicles can be a mix from the host and (infected) pathogen.
Vesicles are a way for distant communication, besides via single molecules.
Communication might result in some outcomes (good or bad).
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
Vesicles can be a mix from the host and (infected) pathogen.
Vesicles are a way for distant communication, besides via single molecules.
Communication might result in some outcomes (good or bad).
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
November 21, 2025 at 2:53 AM
Small vesicles are everywhere, intracellular and extracellular.
Vesicles can be a mix from the host and (infected) pathogen.
Vesicles are a way for distant communication, besides via single molecules.
Communication might result in some outcomes (good or bad).
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
Vesicles can be a mix from the host and (infected) pathogen.
Vesicles are a way for distant communication, besides via single molecules.
Communication might result in some outcomes (good or bad).
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
November 10, 2025 at 1:00 AM
**Explaining Co-First Authorship**
- Common methods for determining the order of co-first authors include **alphabetical order, seniority, or even random selection like drawing straws**.
journals.asm.org/authorship
- Common methods for determining the order of co-first authors include **alphabetical order, seniority, or even random selection like drawing straws**.
journals.asm.org/authorship
Authorship
ASM Journals' Authorship Guidelines align with ICMJE standards, ensuring integrity and quality. Learn about qualifying as an author, responsibilities, approval process, resolving disputes, and more. D...
journals.asm.org
October 29, 2025 at 7:28 AM
**Explaining Co-First Authorship**
- Common methods for determining the order of co-first authors include **alphabetical order, seniority, or even random selection like drawing straws**.
journals.asm.org/authorship
- Common methods for determining the order of co-first authors include **alphabetical order, seniority, or even random selection like drawing straws**.
journals.asm.org/authorship
"The behavior is all the more impressive given that the rodents hunt at night, when they are effectively blind; the rats may rely on their whiskers to detect changes in air currents caused by the bats’ flapping wings."
Talk about an in-flight meal.
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
October 28, 2025 at 12:23 AM
"The behavior is all the more impressive given that the rodents hunt at night, when they are effectively blind; the rats may rely on their whiskers to detect changes in air currents caused by the bats’ flapping wings."
Reposted by Kang Wu
Talk about an in-flight meal.
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
October 27, 2025 at 10:31 PM
Talk about an in-flight meal.
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
For the first time, researchers have captured rats hunting bats by grabbing them from the sky. Learn more: https://scim.ag/3Jqldmn
“the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) mouse genomes for two key inbred strains, C57BL/6J and CAST/EiJ.”
“add an additional 213 Mb of new sequence to the reference genome, which contains 517 protein-coding genes.”
“add an additional 213 Mb of new sequence to the reference genome, which contains 517 protein-coding genes.”
For over 20 years, the mouse model organism has helped scientists uncover the biology behind human health and disease.
But the mouse reference genomes still have missing pieces.
The first collection of telomere-to-telomere mouse genomes are now available for two key mouse strains.
🧬💻
But the mouse reference genomes still have missing pieces.
The first collection of telomere-to-telomere mouse genomes are now available for two key mouse strains.
🧬💻
October 27, 2025 at 12:29 PM
“the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) mouse genomes for two key inbred strains, C57BL/6J and CAST/EiJ.”
“add an additional 213 Mb of new sequence to the reference genome, which contains 517 protein-coding genes.”
“add an additional 213 Mb of new sequence to the reference genome, which contains 517 protein-coding genes.”
- 16% of somatic variants occur in sequences absent from GRCh38
- Centromere kinetochore domains emerged as focal sites of structural, genetic, and epigenetic variation
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
- Centromere kinetochore domains emerged as focal sites of structural, genetic, and epigenetic variation
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
A telomere-to-telomere map of somatic mutation burden and functional impact in cancer
Oncogenesis involves widespread genetic and epigenetic alterations, yet the full spectrum of somatic variation genome-wide remains unresolved. We generated a near-telomere-to-telomere (T2T) diploid as...
www.biorxiv.org
October 14, 2025 at 3:55 AM
- 16% of somatic variants occur in sequences absent from GRCh38
- Centromere kinetochore domains emerged as focal sites of structural, genetic, and epigenetic variation
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
- Centromere kinetochore domains emerged as focal sites of structural, genetic, and epigenetic variation
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...
- Are there individuals harboring **functionally** similar cGAS (mutations) to the one in naked mole-rats?
A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging | Science www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging | Science www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging
Efficient DNA repair might make possible the longevity of naked mole-rats. However, whether they have distinctive mechanisms to optimize functions of DNA repair suppressors is unclear. We find that na...
www.science.org
October 13, 2025 at 2:16 AM
- Are there individuals harboring **functionally** similar cGAS (mutations) to the one in naked mole-rats?
A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging | Science www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
A cGAS-mediated mechanism in naked mole-rats potentiates DNA repair and delays aging | Science www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...