Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 51, December 2025. SignificanceDensity-based centrifugation is widely used to separate biological components, including red blood cells (RBCs) of different ages. However, puzzling banding patterns often appear in continuous gradients, and their origin has remained unclear. ...

INTRODUCTION: Phagocytosis is a pivotal component of the human innate immune defense against malaria. This essential defense mechanism is often modulated by various host-derived soluble factors. We investigated the phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum- and P. knowlesi-infected erythrocytes (IRBC) by human monocytic THP-1 cells in the presence of periostin (OSF-2), a human secretory protein involved in inflammation and tissue repair. This focus was prompted by the fact that OSF-2 is a potent...

What are erythrocytes?

🩸✨ Did you know? Red blood cells have another name! #redbloodcells #erythrocytes #bloodcells #blood

🩸✨ Did you know? Red blood cells have another name! #redbloodcells #erythrocytes #bloodcells #blood

Quiz Topics: Blood Composition & Functions: Components of Plasma (Water, Proteins, Ions). Erythrocytes (RBCs): Count, lifespan (~ 120 days), and destruction (Spleen). Process of Erythropoiesis (Red bone marrow) and factors required (Vit B12, Iron). Conditions like Polycythemia and Erythrocytopenia. Leukocytes (WBCs) & Thrombocytes (Platelets): Function of specific WBCs (Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes). Role of Platelets (fragments of Megakaryocytes) and release of Thromboplastin. Blood Coagulation: Role of Vitamin K and Prothrombin formation. The function of Fibrin in clot formation. Blood Grouping & Rh Incompatibility: ABO and Rh systems (Antigen/Antibody presence). Concepts of Universal Recipient (AB group) and Universal Donor (O group). Mechanism of Rh incompatibility (Rh- mother vs. Rh+ fetus) and subsequent maternal antibody formation. Heart Structure & Cardiac Cycle: Valves (Tricuspid, AV valves) and major vessels (Aorta, SVC). Nodal Tissue (SA node as Pacemaker). Detailed phases of the Cardiac Cycle (Joint Diastole, Ventricular Systole). Heart Sounds (S1/Lub - AV valve closure) and S2/Dub. Cardiac Output (CO) calculation (Stroke Volume x Heart Rate).

What is the primary function of red blood cells? A) Fighting infections B) Clotting blood C) Carryin

Riboflavin demonstrates antioxidant and photosensitizing properties. Riboflavin is able to induce ROS and modulate immune response. Riboflavin possesses potent antimicrobial activity when used alone or combined with other anti-infectives. The ...

What are red blood cells also called? A. Thrombocytes B. Leukocytes C. Platelets D. Erythrocytes #re

Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a rare hereditary enzymopathy caused by mutations in the PKLR gene, leading to reduced glycolytic ATP production in red blood cells (RBCs) and contributing to chronic hemolytic anemia. Here, we use high-speed flickering spectroscopy and non-invasive microrheology to assess how ATP depletion reshapes the nanomechanical properties of RBC membranes. Compared to healthy controls, PKLR-mutant erythrocytes exhibit marked reductions in ATP-dependent flickering...

Placental malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Infected erythrocytes (IEs) bind to placental chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) and antibodies that inhibit this adhesion are a potential correlate of protection. We developed a simplified adhesion inhibition assay that uses diaminofluorene to measure haemoglobin release from IEs bound to CSA. Using hyperimmune plasma, the assay demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of CSA adhesion. Assay...