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Alan Liu

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Art 25%

Communication & Media Studies 17%

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Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Fellou cited 1 article for which I was lead author but collected many items from it, in the same way it collected 14 items from 1 of Geoffrey Harpham's pieces. My post discusses this at one point (see screenshot). Re: international balance, adjusting the prompt could change that, but I haven't tried

Screenshot of a paragraph from Alan Liu, “Humanities Definitions Research Project: An Experiment with Agentic AI,” 5 October 2025, https://liu.english.ucsb.edu/humanities-definitions-research-project-an-experiment-with-agentic-ai/. The paragraph contains the following text:

"Thirdly, Fellou can concentrate on particular sources to mine multiple materials in bursts. For example, Fellou collected 14 separate paraphrases or quotes from Geoffrey Galt Harpham’s essay “Finding Ourselves: The Humanities as a Discipline.” This may or may not be a “feature,” rather than “bug,” depending on the needs of a researcher. But in any case it means that a researcher needs to take care to ask Fellou to scale its searching well beyond the quota of 100 found items that I asked for in my prototype test to ensure that the results are representative of breadth. Fellou could usefully give the human researcher a better sense of how it chooses to collect from sources. For instance, is it looking for relatively short, discrete passages that pass the threshold of a relevancy score?"

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Hi, Elisa! Yes, both literals (which would seem to be context-free) & hierarchical or other relationships (requiring context to discern) seem to be problems for some AI use cases.

by Alan Liu — Reposted by: Frank Fischer

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

My blog post reporting on testing the use of agentic AI (the Fellou.ai browser) to start a research project on gathering definitions of the humanities: “Humanities Definitions Research Project: An Experiment with Agentic AI” (liu.english.ucsb.edu/humanities-d...).

Screenshots of the Fellou interface while its browser agent is in progress on a research task prompted by the user. (A) and (B) represent windows with multiple browser tabs open to searches. Each tab in these windows shows rapidly changing thumbnails of the websites, articles (including PDFs), and other materials that Fellou is currently searching and analyzing. A panel at the right of each window shows a partial view of the kinds of sources and topics Fellou has planned to search in response to the user’s prompt.
(C) is a window showing a periodically refreshed report on progress so far. In this window, the panel at the left shows in separate blocks some of the kinds of sources and topics that Fellou plans to search. The wide panel in the center summarizes results. And the panel at the right shows in blocks the specific sources and key phrases currently being “deep searched.”

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Here's the table of contents of The Humanities Laboratory: From Design to Archaeology. I recommend the editors’ introduction, “What Goes on in Humanities Laboratories?” (9-62). It’s truly wonderful: rich, deep, thoughtful.

Table of contents of The Humanities Laboratory: From Design to Archaeology:

What Goes on in Humanities Laboratories? .............................................................9
Aleksandra Kil-Matlak, Jacek Małczyński, Dorota Wolska
Part 1: Humanities Laboratories
Chapter 1
The Tricky Case of Claude Lévi-Strauss’s Laboratoire
d’Anthropologie Sociale................................................................................................65
Aleksandra Kil-Matlak, Jacek Małczyński, Dorota Wolska
Chapter 2
The Laboratory as a “Soap Bubble”: Juri Lotman, the Tartu–Moscow
School and the Laboratory of History and Semiotics.............................................87
Jacek Małczyński
Chapter 3
Jerzy Grotowski’s Laboratory Theatre: A Laboratory in
Search of the Truth................................................................................................... 139
Mirosław Kocur
Chapter 4
An Archaeology of Humanities Infrastructure: Paul Otlet and
Laboratorium Mundaneum..................................................................................... 175
Aleksandra Kil-Matlak
Chapter 5
The Private Banker of Academia: The Case of Aby Warburg’s
Laboratory of Cultural-Scientific Picture-History............................................... 213
Karolina Charewicz-Jakubowska
6 Contents
Part 2: Laboratorisation of the Humanities
Chapter 6
The Laboratory Effect: Laboratories in Leipzig at the Turn of the
Twentieth Century................................................................................................... 239
Krzysztof Łukasiewicz
Chapter 7
The Laboratorisation of the Field: The Formation of
the Anthropological Mode of Knowledge............................................................. 281
Adam Pisarek
Chapter 8
Jeremy Bentham and the Formation of the Laboratory of
Power-Knowledge.................................................................................................... 317
Rafał Nahirny
Part 3: The Post-Humanist Laboratory
Chapter 9
T…

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Putting on my infrastructure studies hat to boost this just-published book: The Humanities Laboratory: From Design to Archaeology, edited by Aleksandra Kil-Matlak, Jacek Małczyński, & Dorota Wolska. www.peterlang.com/document/161...

Screenshot of Peter Lang publisher's web pat for The Humanities Laboratory: From Design to Archaeilogy. The page shows the book cover and a summary of the boojk. The summary reads:

"This book explores the epistemic status and potential of humanities laboratories. It investigates the history of such laboratories, while contributing to debates on designing contemporary forms of labs. The book traces the trend for laboratories in the humanities since the mid-nineteenth century, outlining a multitude of projects across diverse times and spaces.
We are interested in what makes humanities laboratories different from their scientific relatives. Can a humanities lab and those investigating natural sciences even be considered as related? Or should the relationship between them be seen transversally, outside of the opposition between the humanities and the natural and formal sciences?
We argue that the humanities laboratory should not be based on the idea of mimesis and imitate a scientific lab, but rather operate according to the principle of mimicry. Only in this way can the humanities fulfil their self-critical function."

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“Liberal Arts Pantocrator” works into my argument short discussions of two early pictorial illustrations (by Herrad of Landsberg & Botticelli ) of the “seven liberal arts.”

Sandro Botticelli, A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts, 1483-1486 (fresco, detached and mounted on canvas). Public domain.

The fresco shows the figure of Grammar (one of the seven liberal arts) leading by the hand a “lord” (likely Lorenzo Tornabuoni of a Florentine banker family connected to the ruling House of Medici) into the semi-circle of the other seven liberal arts.

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

I made a short 3-page essay from part of my “Data Science & the Post-Liberal Arts University” in Critical Inquiry that had to be cut due to length: Liu, Alan. “Liberal Arts Pantocrator.” KCWorks, 24 Sept 2025, doi.org/10.17613/y9e...

Partial screenshot of first page of my "Liberal Arts Pantocrator" essay. The explanation at the top of the page reads:

"The following fragment discussing two early pictorial illustrations of the liberal arts was originally part of my article on “Data Science and the Post-Liberal Arts University” (Critical Inquiry 51, no. 4 (2025): 597–618) but had to be cut due to length limitations. The fragment complements the article’s final section on “A Post-Liberal Arts Curriculum (2),” which discusses what is “needed for the post-liberal arts to enhance existing efforts in the liberal arts to be more inclusive of their social margins and global peripheries—in particular, by acknowledging the heritage of applied knowledge embedded in the very notion of such margins and peripheries” (612-618)."

Reposted by: Alan Liu

Aleksandra Kil-Matlak

@aleksandrakil.bsky.social

Thrilled to announce “The Humanities Laboratory: From Design to Archaeology”, which I co-edited with Jacek Małczyński and the late, dearly remembered Dorota Wolska. www.peterlang.com/document/161...

Peter Lang Verlag - The Humanities Laboratory

This book explores the epistemic status and potential of humanities laboratories. It investigates the history of such laboratories, while contributing ...

www.peterlang.com

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Just back from week as member of Santa Fe Institute’s working group on “The New New Science” with a group of mathematicians, computer scientists & (digital) humanists (www.santafe.edu/events/the-n...). Impressed by the quality of the conversations we had on math, humanities, modeling, and much else.

Screenshot of part of Santa Fe Institutute's web page announcing "The New New Science" working group event. The text shown on the page begins as follows (and is followed by the names of the working group organizers: Dan Rockmore, Renana Keydar, and Barak Sober):

Thaw Library - Miller Campus
Working Group
All day

September 15, 2025 – September 18, 2025

This working group brings together a small group of scholars with expertise spanning the humanities, mathematics, and computer science. Digital representations of knowledge and artistic corpora have opened new avenues for thinking about traditional Humanities subjects such as literature, linguistics, classics, and history and to rigorously examine mathematical and computational metaphors used in humanistic endeavors, while also exploring how a priori mathematical ideas can find meaning and epistemological value in humanistic subjects now considered natively digital.

Dan Rockmore, an organizer of the Santa Fe Institute working group on "The New New Science," at a whiteboard in the meeting room of the SFI's Miller campus where the group met. Various humanistic and mathematical ideas are scrawled or listed on the board.

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

CFP & flyer for 2026 Texas Tech U symposium on “AI & the Futures of the Human” where I will be a keynoter www.depts.ttu.edu/english/prog.... “How does the need to reconceive the humanities in the face of the rise of AI clarify, challenge, or transform our understanding of what it means to be human?”

Flyer for the 2026 Texas Tech U. Comparative Literature Sumposium on "Artificial Intelligence and the Futures of the Human" showing a view of the campus at the top and photos of the four keynote speakers at the bottom (Alan Liu, Kalindi Vora, Neda Atanasoski, Bruce Clarke). The flyer's abbreviated version of the symposium's call for papers reads as follow. (The QR code links to the full CFP.)

<quote>~~New Generations, New Critical Inspirations~~

In the age of AI, what are the place of the “human” in the humanities and the role of the “humanities” in defining the human? How do we—and how do literature, cinema, and art—reconsider creativity, meaning, and culture in a world where machines can generate and purport to interpret texts, images, and ideas? What new ethical, philosophical, and pedagogical challenges arise when human and machine intelligence intersect? And how does the need to reconceive the humanities in the face of the rise of AI clarify, challenge, or transform our understanding of what it means to be human?

This symposium brings together scholars, educators, artists, and technologists to reflect critically on the futures of humanistic inquiry and the futures of the human in the age of AI. We invite contributions that explore the opportunities and challenges AI presents for literature, history, philosophy, art, languages, and cultural studies.

Please send your (1) 100-word abstract, (2) 50-word bio-info, and (3)
questions to Dr. Y. Shu at eng.complit@ttu.edu by December 1, 2025
</quote>

Prof Mike Yearworth

@mikeyearworth.bsky.social

"In a landmark study, OpenAI researchers reveal that large language models will always produce plausible but false outputs, even with perfect data, due to fundamental statistical and computational limits."

www.computerworld.com/article/4059...

OpenAI admits AI hallucinations are mathematically inevitable, not just engineering flaws

In a landmark study, OpenAI researchers reveal that large language models will always produce plausible but false outputs, even with perfect data, due to fundamental statistical and computational limi...

www.computerworld.com

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

That’s right. That was cutting-edge new tech at the time!

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

I once put many of these materials online on a site called “British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution” (Internet Archive copy of site: web.archive.org/web/20130704...).

British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution

web.archive.org

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

I found these while discarding boxes of old research notes and photocopies from the 1980s. In the digital age, it’s hard to believe how much labor of the basest kind was needed to harvest from archives, microfilm, etc.

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

How research used to be! Pages from British newspapers during the French Revolution I once laboriously gathered from microfilm for my Wordsworth book by printing page parts to a photocopier & taping them together.

Scattered mass of phototopy pages (some with yellow Post-It notes, lying on a concrete surface. These are copies of pages from British newspapers & magazines covering the French Revolution (including London Times, Morning Chronicle, Morning Post, and Annual Register) that I harvested in the 1980s by printing page-parts from microfilm to a photocopier and then taping them together. I gathered these materials for my first monograph, Wordsworth: The Sense of History.

Reposted by: Alan Liu, Andreas Wagner, Henry Farrell , and 2 more Alan Liu, Andreas Wagner, Henry Farrell, Tim Hitchcock, Jack Stilgoe

Ted Underwood

@tedunderwood.com

New preprint on "Computational Hermeneutics," co-authored by too many people to list in one post. TL;DR: GenAI is a cultural technology, and needs to be evaluated in ways that recognize situatedness, plurality, and ambiguity as the conditions of meaning — not noise to be minimized.

Computational Hermeneutics: Evaluating Generative AI as a Cultural Technology

<div> <div> <div> <p>Generative AI (GenAI) systems are increasingly recognized as cultural technologies, yet current evaluation frameworks often treat cul

papers.ssrn.com

Reposted by: Alan Liu

readywriting

@readywriting.bsky.social

This looks like a really interesting CFP: University as Infrastructure. culturemachine.net/vol25-cfp-un...

CM Vol 25 CfP University as Infrastructure

Culture Machine Vol. 25 Call for Papers: University as Infrastructure Guest-edited by: Alexandra Anikina, Johannes Bruder, Megen de Bruin-Molé, Stephen Cornford, Kwame Phillips & Geoff Cox …

culturemachine.net

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

I've admired Tim Sherratt's work for 2 of the 3 decades he mentions (didn't know about his work previously). This was inspiring & direction-setting exploration in the areas of digital humanities, digital archives, algorithmic experimentation, & cultural criticsm. Glad I had chance to meet Tim once.

Tim Sherratt @wragge.hcommons.social.ap.brid.gy · Jul 4

For 30 years I've been experimenting with ways to see & use the online collections of libraries, archives & museums. I've made useful things, playful things, & weird things. Here's a big list of them for you to explore! https://wraggelabs.com #glam #histodons #digitalhumanities

A compilation of things I've built over the last 30 years to help people see and use the online collections of libraries, archives, and museums.

Reposted by: Alan Liu, Melissa Terras, Elaine Treharne , and 2 more Alan Liu, Melissa Terras, Elaine Treharne, Andreas Wagner, Benjamin Jones

Tim Sherratt

@wragge.hcommons.social.ap.brid.gy

For 30 years I've been experimenting with ways to see & use the online collections of libraries, archives & museums. I've made useful things, playful things, & weird things. Here's a big list of them for you to explore! https://wraggelabs.com #glam #histodons #digitalhumanities

A compilation of things I've built over the last 30 years to help people see and use the online collections of libraries, archives, and museums.

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

The Academic Senate of UC Santa Barbara recognized me as its 2024-25 Faculty Research Lecturer, “the highest honor the UC Santa Barbara faculty can bestow on one of its members.” I was asked for language in response. This came pouring out of me: liu.english.ucsb.edu/alans-respon...

Screenshot of my email responding to my campus's Humanities & Fine Arts communications director asking for a response to being named Faculty Research Lecturer. The text of the response begins:
~~~~~~~~~~
Dear [communications director], here is some language about receiving the Research Faculty Lecturer award. This is too much for your purpose, I realize. Perhaps you can extract something from this?

It’s a distinct honor to be recognized by my colleagues as the annual Faculty Research Lecturer for 2024-25, especially when I look back on the history of the award and realize what company I stand in. Just reviewing who the past Faculty Research Lecturers were from my own English Department makes me humble.† They include some of the most illustrious scholars in literary studies and — most moving to me and others — recently some of the dearest in the hearts of their colleagues for nurturing students and younger colleagues.

Being recognized for research is especially meaningful to me now, given the direction my work has taken toward addressing the erosion in the public status of research expertise. My own research continues apace. Recently, I’ve focused on how data science, machine learning, and AI extend, but alter, the knowledges and practices that are foundational for a liberal arts education, which in the American educational system spans the sciences, social sciences, and humanities and arts.†† But my own research aside, the reason I say that recognition for research is so meaningful now is that the public perception of the value of research expertise has perhaps never been more challenged than today.

That’s why, as I come to the end of my career, I’ve thrown myself into co-founding a new national organization called the Center for Humanities Communication....

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“Don’t let an easy, commonsensical option erase a unique and potentially more interesting and challenging statement.”

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

Watson on what LLMs are not: “A key principle for 17th-century [transcribers & translators was] “lectio difficilior potior: The reading that is stranger is stronger. If a word differs between two versions of the text ... , you should actually choose the one that seems to make less sense.”

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

My “Data Science and the Post-Liberal Arts University” is just out in Critical Inquiry, www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/.... Thanks to the CI editors for acute feedback pushing me to enrichen the argument of this essay significantly.

Screenshot of the abstract for Liu, Alan. “Data Science and the Post-Liberal Arts University.” Critical Inquiry 51, no. 4 (2025): 597–618. (Also shown is an image of the cover of this issue of the journal, which is a clever media-archaeology style mock-up of an antique library card catalog with six drawers each labeled with the author and title of one of the articles in the journal issue.) The abstract for Alan Liu's article reads:

"Data science has grown explosively in higher education, offering undergraduate degrees in the US on a “core and domains” curricular model that overlaps with—and in an intriguing way—replicates the multidisciplinary model of liberal arts education. This essay treats data science as a pathfinder for the continuing evolution of American higher education from the liberal arts to a post-liberal arts centered on applied knowledge, including today’s new modes of predictive/generative knowledge. The essay builds toward a consideration of how the post-liberal arts university can teach students both to apply knowledge and to know the meaning (historical, intellectual, and social) of application. A key for the post-liberal arts university will be to teach preprofessionalism in ways that do not just acknowledge the historical exclusion of the people of applied knowledge (at the social margins and global peripheries) from liberal arts education for the “free man” but turns such acknowledgement into new forms of liberal arts knowledge. Data science, the essay concludes, has the potential to contribute novel ways of conceptualizing intersectionality in general and in relation to applied knowledge. But data science is also constrained in this regard on the global scene where data power belongs to many regions and actors without a shared tradition of liberal arts education and thus a framework for a post-liberal arts carrying on shared ideas and practices of freedom."

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“In the absence of a worldwide liberal arts, how can data science collaborate internationally, and with other disciplines, to help the post-liberal arts move toward a telos in common called _freedom_?” (618)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“Below are two planning portfolios” for “A Post Liberal Arts Curriculum (1)” and “A Post Liberal Arts Curriculum (2)” (609-618)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“Let me here make a different move [than critique].... let me try the thought experiment of drawing up designs for tomorrow’s post-liberal arts university that can incorporate today’s rationale of applied knowledge ... as a redirection yet also reaffirmation of the values of the liberal arts” (609)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

The liberal arts “have in fact metamorphosed into what data science epitomizes: a post-liberal arts anchored practically and intellectually on an evolving paradigm of applied knowledge” (608)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

In the liberal arts, “speaking data even haltingly will be data lingua franca.... How often did William Wordsworth actually write about nature...? Being able to say ‘often’ in data lingua franca will be expected homework before conducting more advanced interpretation and critique.” (608)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

“Given [the] history of the liberal arts, where does data science fit in their system...? Or, to ask the even more interesting ... question ... What would liberal arts education look like if restructured to fit data science’s system?” (605)

Alan Liu

@alanyliu.bsky.social

A few more pull-quotes from my “Data Science and the Post-Liberal Arts University,” Critical Inquiry 51, no. 4 (Summer 2025): 597–618 (www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/...) -->

Data Science and the Post-Liberal Arts University | Critical Inquiry: Vol 51, No 4

Abstract Data science has grown explosively in higher education, offering undergraduate degrees in the US on a “core and domains” curricular model that overlaps with—and in an intriguing way—replicate...

www.journals.uchicago.edu

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