Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 8 detect RNA degradation products to sense infection. However, modified nucleosides common in self-RNA—most notably pseudouridine—evade recognition. This study finds that poor nuclease processing and selective TLR avoidance drive this evasion, offering insight into the molecular basis of immune tolerance to pseudouridine-containing RNA.

Horses are among nature’s greatest athletes, yet the ancestral molecular adaptations fueling their energy demands are poorly understood. Within a clinically important pathway regulating redox and meta...

Robles-Vera et al. unveil the capacity of gut microbiota translocation, particularly Enterococcus faecalis, to mediate a Mincle-dependent induction of trained immunity in myeloid bone marrow progenito...