AT2 cell–derived GM-CSF is essential for establishing a terminally differentiated CD301b+ lung cDC2 compartment and type 2 immunity.

White et al. show that microbiota-specific T cells are licensed by gut inflammation to infiltrate the central nervous system, where cross-reactivity with self-antigens leads to neuropathology.

Dysregulated CD4 T cells that recognize gut commensal antigens are able to infiltrate the central nervous systems and are re-stimulated by host proteins, resulting in neuroinflammation.

The outflow pathway of cerebrospinal fluid into lymph nodes in the neck and how non-invasive mechanical stimulation can enhance drainage and restore impaired outflow in aged mice are explored.

Severe pneumonia is predominantly caused by cytokine storms in the lung, but how this process is controlled remains unclear. Li et al. find that severe pneumonia activates central amygdala GABAergic neurons, which triggers a sympathetic nerve-pulmonary interstitial macrophage interaction that amplifies lung inflammation. Blocking this pathway reduces harmful inflammation and cytokine storms, offering a promising therapeutic target for severe pneumonia.

Sensory innervation impacts several lung diseases, but whether it influences pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is unclear. Hiroki et al. report that depletion of TRPV1+ nociceptors leads to worsening of inflamm...

Why microglia stop reducing amyloid deposits from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains is unknown. Prakash, Manchanda, et al. show that microglia increase their lipid droplets and lose their phagocytic cap...

Brains of aging mice harbor rare monocyte-derived microglia (MoMg) that are transcriptomically indistinguishable from yolk-sac-derived cells. MoMg are targets of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and, hence, ...

Immune-microbiota interactions are required to maintain host homeostasis. Kim et al. identified that steady-state sensing of IL-10 by interstitial macrophages (IMs) prevents spontaneous lung inflammat...