Simon Lee
@simonleewx.com
4.4K followers 840 following 1.3K posts
Lecturer in Atmospheric Science, University of St Andrews. Co-Editor-in-Chief, Weather. Large-scale weather & climate variability, prediction & change. simonleewx.com
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simonleewx.com
Aye I only spotted it last night when I revisited the chart for Floris!
simonleewx.com
Storm Floris at 12 UTC 4 August 2025 vs. Storm Amy at 18 UTC 3 October 2025.

Strikingly similar synoptic patterns and locations of the two storms separated by only two months!
Storm Floris surface pressure and fronts from the Met Office Storm Amy surface pressure and fronts from the Met Office
simonleewx.com
Excellent! Glad to hear it's still going.
simonleewx.com
Ah, I loved that view during my time at UoR! Hope you are enjoying your time there.
Reposted by Simon Lee
hausfath.bsky.social
And here is the percentage of the world's land area setting a new all-time monthly maximum temperature record in each decade:
simonleewx.com
The west–east temperature contrast across North America is a hallmark of the Pacific Ridge regime, which is currently at 1.5–2 standard deviations simonleewx.com/ecmwf_north_...
Weather Regime Index plots from the ECMWF IFS subseasonal ensemble
simonleewx.com
Amy is a separate low pressure system, hence the new name. It did spawn from Humberto but the closed low is considered different.
simonleewx.com
Wonder what NH mean alone will look like?
simonleewx.com
This is absolutely staggering.
zacklabe.com
Record warm ocean temperatures continued in September across the North Pacific Ocean, with a number of consequential impacts (including on downstream weather patterns).

This graph shows the average for a band across the midlatitudes for every September from 1854-2025 using @noaa.gov ERSSTv5 data.
Green line graph time series of average sea surface temperature anomalies for each September from 1850 through 2025 for only the midlatitude region of the North Pacific Ocean. There is large interannual variability, but an overall long-term increasing trend. Anomalies are computed relative to a 1981-2010 baseline. 2025 is a record high.
simonleewx.com
Beaufort Force 12 (73mph or greater) is “hurricane force”, and that is referred to in storms in the UK where appropriate. But there is a VERY big difference between hurricane force winds and an actual hurricane.
simonleewx.com
Please provide evidence to support your claims.
simonleewx.com
“Hurricanes” are tropical cyclones, which feed off the energy of high oceanic heat. They are an entirely different type of storm which do not reach our shores. The storms we experience, like Amy, feed off the temperature contrast between cold and warm air masses.
Reposted by Simon Lee
eddywx.bsky.social
#StormAmy boomerang loop of #Meteosat12 #MTG water vapour 6.2micron channel imagery over 36h (3-4 Oct 2025) shows extent & expansion of deep dry air intrusion, before being spun majestically around the record-breaking deep cyclone centre #VorticityInAction
simonleewx.com
Yes, Amy spawned off Humberto at the end of its life — in fact, for a while, it looked like the storm hitting the UK would be ex-Humberto until it became clearer that it was a separate circulation.
simonleewx.com
More reason not to trust AI for such things
simonleewx.com
Perhaps a tabloid newspaper “named” it then. Whatever happened, it was not official.
simonleewx.com
Evolution of #StormAmy from 18 UTC 1 October through 12 UTC 4 October per Met Office analyses. The initial disturbance was perfectly phased with a wave in the jet, undergoing explosive cyclogenesis & evolving into a powerful Shapiro–Keyser cyclone, setting low pressure records for the time of year.
simonleewx.com
When? We have not had a Storm Amy already in western Europe this year.
simonleewx.com
Perhaps there was some latency with appreciating this was turning into the higher end scenario. They did use the word “expected” rather than “forecast”
simonleewx.com
I’m a bit perplexed why Network Rail Scotland are claiming Storm Amy to have hit “much harder and more quickly than expected” — forecasts from earlier today seem correct to me; intensity shifted up from yesterday’s forecasts, conveyed in warning text mentioning gusts up to 100mph (as observed)
simonleewx.com
Lights flickering a bit in Guardbridge
simonleewx.com
40 hPa drop in Amy’s central pressure since 18Z yesterday
simonleewx.com
#StormAmy down to 952 hPa over Outer Hebrides on 18Z analysis from the Met Office, which continues the Shapiro-Keyser structure from the 12Z analysis (frontal fracture)
Surface pressure and frontal analysis from the Met Office