A 165 Myr record of N and Corg isotopes show that the N-cycle responds to feedbacks associated with productivity and the location of upwelling centers changing due to continental meander.

Nitrification and denitrification are two important biological processes producing N2O in soils, but their contributions to N2O emissions are not well understood, hindering precise mitigation measures. Here, we developed process-based models (PBM) with and without transport (T) to partition N2O sources by tracking nitrogen flows (NF) through different reaction pathways. The model with transport (PBM-T-NF) well predicted N2O production from nitrification and denitrification in two different repacked soils with a shallow depth of 8 mm under moisture conditions ranging from 40 to 100% water-filled pore space (WFPS), demonstrating its robustness and reliability. In comparison, the model without transport (PBM-NF) failed to capture the N2O dynamics and the relative contribution of denitrification to N2O production ( $${C}_{D}$$ C D ), highlighting the need of including mass transport in predicting N2O dynamics. The PBM-T-NF model was further employed to investigate the effects of soil properties on N2O emissions and sources. Increased NH4+ concentration significantly decreased $${C}_{D}$$ C D under relatively low moisture conditions, while increased NO3− slightly promoted $${C}_{D}$$ C D over different moisture contents, emphasizing the importance of substrate availability and moisture conditions in controlling $${C}_{D}$$ C D . Furthermore, the PBM-T-NF model was used to quantify N2O sources from an artificial soil core of 80 mm depth. Soil depth was shown to be important in mediating $${C}_{D}$$ C D by controlling O2 diffusivity, which is highly dependent on moisture content. Given the long-standing challenge in experimental quantification of N2O sources from soils, our developed model provides a novel way to estimate N2O production from different nitrogen processes, which is key for accurately targeting mitigation of N2O emissions from soils.

How do we mentor, teach, and do stats when AI can do so much of the work?

Loretan and colleagues present a low-cost smartphone-based microscope capable of detecting single-molecule fluorescence. This approach opens doors to personalised and widely distributed applications in diagnostics, biosensing, and science education.

Vacancy at Department of Biology - Microbiology, Aarhus University

In eutrophic coastal waters, aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) mitigate methane emissions by oxidizing benthic methane even in the stratified, anoxic water column. However, ongoing warming and ...

Denitrification is a key pathway of nitrogen removal in estuarine ecosystems, yet its regulation is shaped by complex interactions between environment…

The urea to ammonium concentration ratio is a good predictor of the relative importance of urea and ammonium to nitrite and N2O production in the ocean. In addition, the urea to ammonium ratio may be...

UV-spectrophotometers can detect nitrite and thiosulfate concentrations BGC-Argo floats provide high spatiotemporal resolution of nitrite and thiosulfate of oxygen-deficient zones BGC-Argo float...

The anammox process decarbonizes nitrogen removal by avoiding greenhouse gas emissions and organic carbon demand, yet its reliance on nitrification an…

Engineered aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) mutants have been developed that facilitate ultrafast bioorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) of newly synthesized proteins in diverse bacteria, including ESKAPE pathogens. The substrate polyspecificity of the aaRS mutants enables pulse-chase BONCAT and differential tagging of temporally distinct nascent proteomes in cells.

The WOR-3 phylum represents a widespread but poorly understood bacterial lineage inhabiting diverse various environments. By integrating 181 metagenome-assembled genomes, including 59 newly reconstruc...

Abstract. Global warming induces alterations in ocean temperature regimes, as well as in precipitation patterns. This leads to shifts in water column properties, which will increasingly impact coastal...

Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria oxidize ammonium with nitrite as electron acceptor. Hydrazine is a free intermediate in this metabolis…