Lack of international guidelines for Gram-negative bloodstream infection (GN-BSI) management poses clinical challenges. We aimed to assess whether implementing a management bundle for GN-BSI patients affected mortality and/or emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR).MethodsSingle-center, quasi-experimental study including adult patients hospitalized with monomicrobial GN-BSI. In the pre-phase (2018-2019), no standardized protocol was used. In the post-phase (2022–2023), a bundle was applied including predefined rules for follow-up blood cultures (FU-BC), imaging, beta-lactam administration schedule and treatment duration. Primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality; secondary endpoint was 30-day MDR-GN carriage or infection. Treatment-effect lasso models were used to estimate bundle impact.ResultsA total of 2713 patients were included: 1430 in the pre-phase and 1253 in the post-phase. FU-BCs were performed in 22.5% (n=322) vs 47% (n=589), p<0.001; imaging in 65.5% (n 936) vs 71.6% (n=897), p<0.001; median treatment duration was 10 days in both phases (p=0.625). Thirty-day mortality was 10.7% (n=153) vs 11.6% (n=143), p=0.467. New MDR carriage/infection was 140 (11.0%) vs 78 (6.5%), p<0.001. The bundle had no overall effect on 30-day mortality (ATE = 0.008, p=0.568), despite reduced mortality in BSIs due to carbapenem-resistant organisms (ATE = -0.074, p=0.197) the effect was not significant. MDR emergence was significantly reduced (ATE = -0.038, p=0.031) in both overall and high-risk populations.ConclusionsThe GN-BSI management bundle reduced MDR.

The U.S. has reported its first human case of bird flu since February, with a confirmed infection in Washington state

AbstractSyphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum (subsp. pallidum) and associated with severe symptoms culminating into cardiovascular complications or neurological damage. In the late 15th century, its epidemic occurred in Europe with an outbreak in Naples, causing numerous deaths and impacted people’s lives, shaping their thoughts, behaviours, and language. Here, we traced the syphilis’ origin, exploring its social implications, and reviewing its therapeutic approaches. Moreover, using examples of Neapolitan folk-sayings we illustrated how dialects preserve fragments of medical history. In conclusion, beside epidemics impact human health, years later they continue shaping socio-cultural traits, including language.

We use a mathematical model incorporating racial inequities in the United States to determine the effects of interventions aimed at ameliorating inequity i

AbstractBackground. Although recent guidance recommends early surgical debridement for native joint septic arthritis (NJSA), supporting data, particularly

The risk and severity of congenital toxoplasmosis were estimated using data from 2455 consecutive mother–child pairs. Clinical signs at 3 years were halved in the 177 children born since 2009 compared with 1996–2008 (odds ratio = .49; 95% CI: .28–.85). Materno-fetal transmission rates remained...

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Published online: 10 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41579-025-01254-yMicrobial whole-genome sequencing is an important element of health-care-associated infection (HAI) prevention strategies. Focusing on specific high-priority antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, this Review outlines the epidemiology and microbiology of HAIs and discusses the role of whole-genome sequencing in HAI prevention and surveillance.

The state has recorded more than 3,500 cases of whooping cough so far this year, 10 times the number in 2023.

Getting COVID-19 twice doubled children and adolescents&rsquo; risk for developing long COVID, according to data from the RECOVER trial published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases.Before this study, R...

Neonatal sepsis in tertiary hospitals in Southeast Asia is predominantly caused by gram-negative bacteria, with high rates of non-susceptibility to commonly prescribed antibiotics.

Children with eczema may experience fewer allergic complications if they receive the COVID-19 vaccine, according to new research.

AbstractBackground. People with HIV (PWH) are at higher risk for visceral adiposity, enhanced inflammation, and cognitive decline than HIV-negative control

Dolutegravir (DTG) is a preferred anchor antiretroviral therapy (ART) for children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV).

A new report finds there are fewer antibacterial medicines in clinical pipelines than just two years ago and relatively few qualify as innovative.

Alberta is reporting its first measles death since outbreaks of the highly contagious illness began in March. The province says a baby, who was born prematurely after the mother became sick, died shor...