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The antibiotic polymyxin B requires bacterial metabolic activity to cause sufficient damage to the outer membrane to access the inner membrane, which it permeabilizes via an energy-independent mechanism to kill the cell.

A large fraction of aquatic bacteria remains uncultured. Here, the authors cultivated 627 strains of abundant freshwater bacteria from 14 European lakes, thus generating a collection that includes many previously uncultured, oligotrophic bacteria that may serve as model organisms.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Published online: 02 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s41579-025-01242-2Clostridioides difficile infection is challenging to diagnose and treat and is associated with considerable mortality, morbidity and economic costs worldwide. In this Review, Chilton et al. discuss changes in global epidemiology, breakthroughs in pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance, the role of microbiota dysbiosis and the potential for microbiota-based therapeutics for Clostridioides difficile infection.

The Department of Homeland Security said federal agents with Border Patrol, the FBI and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives arrested 37 people in the raid.

The U.S. Department of Energy today announced the termination of 321 financial awards supporting 223 projects, resulting in a savings of approximately $7.56 billion dollars for American taxpayers.

Panoptes, an anti-phage defence system against virus-mediated immune suppression, is revealed.

A man who retired as a major lectures hundreds of generals about the need to meet his standards