Single-cell immunoprofiling uncovered systemic immune cell signatures of neurological MOG antibody–associated disease.

SV2A-PET reveals cortical synapse loss in multiple sclerosis (MS), highlighting a potential approach for unmasking gray matter pathology.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a very common herpesvirus that infects more than 90% of the general population. Epidemiologic data indicate that EBV is a requisite risk factor for the development of multi...

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays important roles in inflammation. Several studies have shown that IL-6 regulates various aspects...

Background and ObjectivesParamagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are a well-established imaging biomarker of chronic active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. PRLs have been shown to be highly specific for MS (...

In this Perspective, the functions of the recently identified post-translational-modification protein l-lactylation in the regulation of cellular metabolism and signalling are discussed, highlighting the potential of l-lactylation as a therapeutic target.

Recent literature has explored the contributions of oligodendrocytes and myelin dysfunction to Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we discuss emerging evidence that oligodendrocytes may directly contribute to ...

The role of B cells in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity was initially highlighted by successful clinical trials of anti-CD20 monoclonal antib…

Inflammation, aberrant proteostasis, and energy depletion are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the in…

Dysregulated cytokine networks are important in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. This Review discusses targeting cytokines and their receptors in non-infectious central nervous system inflammato...

Caloric restriction (CR) extends lifespan, yet the convergent immunometabolic mechanism of healthspan remains unclear. Using longitudinal plasma proteomics analyses in humans achieving 14% CR for 2 ye...

Central nervous system (CNS) myelin may act as a dynamic energy store that supports brain metabolism; its consumption and replenishment is a newly recognized form of metabolic plasticity aimed at main...

Recent technological advances permit the profiling of metabolic changes in single cells, which sheds light on how metabolism regulates immune responses. We advocate for accessible and standardized tools to reduce the barrier of entry to immunometabolism studies and facilitate the translation of fundamental findings towards clinical applications.

Historically, many established investigators in the field of neuroimmunology published early work from their laboratories in the Journal of Neuroimmunology. Our mission is to bring important work in t...

Dural mast cells control cerebrospinal fluid dynamics at critical brain-dura interfaces, specifically arachnoid cuff exit points. Their activation limits pathogen brain entry via histamine-induced vas...

Glucose metabolism is a critical regulator of T cell function, largely thought to support their activation and effector differentiation. Here, we inve…

The glycolytic enzyme phosphoglycerate mutase supports Treg function, identifying a novel therapeutic target for immune modulation and demonstrating that glycolytic regulation of T cells is more nuanc...

Meningeal mast cells, via the receptor Mrgprb2/X2, orchestrate brain inflammation after stroke by recruiting and promoting the transfer of skull bone marrow neutrophils into the brain, highlighting th...